目的 译制英文版关怀因素调查-护士长关怀量表(Caring Factor Survey-Caring of Manager,CFS-CM),并对中文版信效度进行评价.方法 遵循Brislin翻译回译原则进行翻译,采用专家咨询法对其进行文化调适,形成中文版CFS-CM.采用整群抽样对北京市某三级甲等医院1 168名临床护士进行调查,评价量表的信效度.结果 中文版CFS-CM的Cronbach's α系数为0.961,重测信度为0.922;各条目间以及与总分的相关系数分别为0.812～ 0.898;各条目的内容效度指数为0.830～1.000,量表平均内容效度指数为0.983.探索性因素分析提取的1个公因子累积方差贡献率为70.389％;验证性因素分析的各项拟合指数结果为:x2/df=5.748,GFI=0.920,AGFI=0.874,RMSEA=0.096,NFI=0.964,CFI =0.970,IFI=0.970,TLI=0.961均在可接受范围内,适配较好.不同年龄、护龄及不同职称的护士长关怀总分差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 中文版CFS-CM具有较好的信度和效度,可以作为评价我国护理管理者对护士关怀程度的工具.

Objective To develop a competency evaluation index system for flood disaster relief of nurses. Methods The preliminary system was designed by combining methods of literature review, competency theory and semi-structured interview. The indicators and weights were determined by two rounds of Delphi consultation. Results The competency index system of flood disaster nurses comprised of 3 first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators and 77 tertiary indicators. The expert authority coefficient was 0.84, and the variation coefficients were 9.20％-21.60％ and 0.00％-19.37％, and the coefficients of coordination were 0.200-0.317 and 0.221-0.361, respectively. The differences had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion The competency evaluation index system for flood disaster relief of nurses developed in the current study highlights the characteristics of flood disaster relief in China.It provides reference basis for selecting, training and evaluating disaster relief nurses.

AbstractObjectiveWe analyzed research themes in the field of disaster medicine in China to provide references for researchers to understand the research status and developing trends of this field.MethodsPublished journal articles were retrieved. A social network analysis was conducted to visualize the relations of high-frequency key words. A cluster analysis was used to classify key words. A strategic diagram analysis was conducted to visualize clusters across the entire research field.ResultsWe retrieved 3,079 articles, from which 1,749 articles and 8,284 key words were identified after screening. High-frequency key words were classified into 6 clusters. “Medical rescue” had the highest degree and betweenness centralities. Cluster 4 was located in Quadrant I of the strategic diagrams.Conclusions“Medical rescue” is the core key word, and it serves a pivotal “bridge” function. “Emergencies” and similar terms are key words with special statuses. “Natural disaster medical rescue” and “fundamental theories of disaster medicine” constitute the primary and secondary core themes, respectively. “On-site emergency treatment techniques” is a marginalized theme. The other themes are emerging themes that offer considerable scope for future development. Generally, the scope and depth of investigations in this field should be improved. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:405-409)

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的:对国内灾害救援医学领域期刊文献的研究主题进行聚类和归纳,展现国内灾害救援医学领域的结构,以期为研究者把握中国灾害救援医学领域的研究现状与发展态势提供科学参考。方法:检索中国知网数据库,利用BICOMB软件对关键词进行统计并输出共词矩阵,利用SPSS软件对高频关键词进行聚类分析、多维尺度分析和战略坐标分析。结果:检索获得文献3079篇,经筛查,最终确定文献1749篇,关键词8284个。高频关键词被聚为6类。经战略坐标分析可得,"自然灾害医疗救援"的向心度和密度均为最高。结论:"自然灾害医疗救援"和"灾害救援医学基本理论"的内外部关联性、新颖度、关注度均较好,是灾害救援医学研究领域的主次核心主题;"灾害现场紧急救治基本技术"外部关联尚可,但内部联系较差,新颖度较低,有被边缘化的趋势;"军队卫生勤务"、"事故灾难应急救援"和"灾害医疗救援体系"与其他主题的关联性不强,且主题内部联系也不甚紧密,是新兴研究主题,此类主题未来或有较大的提升空间。</span>

Retrieving the CNKI database, the authors extracted the keywords to be studied by BICOMB software Cluster analysis,social network analysis and visual expression of the key words were conducted by SPSS,UCINET and NetDraw softwares. As a result, 3079 articles were retrieved, from which 1749 articles and 8284 keywords were identified after screening.The high-frequency keywords were divided into 6 clusters.The density of social network was 0.5911 as shown by the atlas of social network analysis. The degree centrality and betweenness centrality of the key word"medical rescue"were the highest,and the closeness centrality of the key word"medical rescue"was the lowest."Medical rescue"and"emergency rescue"have become the hot spots in the field of disaster medicine. As the key point,"medical rescue"shows the most obvious"bridge function"."Emergency"and"nursing"are the special points in this field. On the whole, China's disaster medicine has developed rapidly over the past 30 years, and has been systematic preliminarily.However,there still exist some problems,such as insufficient research depth and inadequate research on external factors.

目的 探索妇幼保健系统协同发展的影响因素,并据此提出针对性政策建议.方法 对妇幼保健机构的协同发展情况进行现场问卷调查,利用PEST分析法提出可能的影响因素,并进行统计学分析.结果 对妇幼保健系统协同发展有影响的外部因素为:人均GDP及育龄妇女和7岁以下儿童数占总人口百分比;内部因素为:机构评审级别、总资产、1万元以上设备数、年诊疗人次,妇幼保健项目开展数、编制床位数、机构总收入、机构总盈利、机构继续教育费用.结论 应坚持政府为主的投入保障机制,并增强机构盈利能力;完善各级妇幼保健机构之间的分工、协调与双向转诊制度;加强培训与继续教育.

目的 探讨培训者培训(train-the-trainer,TTT)模式在老年患者健康教育中的应用效果.方法 采用TTT模式,首先由3名培训导师对24名培训者进行老年人健康教育知识培训,再由培训者在老年病房对老年患者进行授课.分别在培训前后评估培训者和护理人员的理论成绩、培训者的二次培训能力、患者的满意度和不良事件发生率.结果 (1)培训后,培训者和护理人员的理论成绩较培训前均显著提高(t=-5.874,P<0.05;t=-11.965,P<0.05);(2)培训后,培训者二次培训能力自评得分总分为(4.10±0.29)分,高于培训前的(3.26±0.33)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.473,P<0.05);(3)患者满意度由培训前的89.4%上升到培训后的98.1%,老年病房不良事件发生率由培训前的3.1%降到培训后的0.8%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=22.779,P<0.05;χ2=4.444,P<0.05).结论 TTT模式能够提高护理人员的健康教育水平,在老年患者健康教育中应用效果显著,值得临床推广.