目的 探讨椎动脉彩色多普勒超声对后循环缺血的诊断作用.方法 选择50例后循环缺血患者设为研究组,另选择同期50例健康体检者设为对照组.对纳入的所有对象进行椎动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,测量椎动脉内径(D)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期峰值流速(EDV)、平均峰值流速(Vm)、阻力指数(RI)及搏动指数(PI)等.对比两组超声血流频谱特征及椎动脉超声参数.结果 研究组中46例共82支(82.00％)椎动脉血流频谱参数异常,高于对照组的8例共13支(13.00％),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组D、EDV、PSV、Vm低于对照组,PI、RI高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 椎动脉彩色多普勒超声对后循环缺血的诊断作用显著,有利于观察血管的走行并测量椎动脉D等重要超声参数,为后循环缺血的诊断提供重要参考,具有无创、安全、可重复的优势,值得临床推广使用.

目的:观察超声弹性成像技术在软组织疾患疗效评价方面的应用价值.方法:完全随机选取本院2019年1月-12月有颈肩部酸痛不适感的成年人30例,左肩做为对照组A给予单纯抗阻干预(单纯抗阻组),右肩做为观察组B给予浮针干预(浮针组).两组治疗前后均立即进行超声检查,观察上斜方肌及冈上肌的厚度与弹性E值.结果:两组治疗前后上斜方肌、冈上肌的厚度对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗后两组各肌肉弹性E值均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),浮针组比单纯抗阻组降低更为明显(P<0.05).治疗后两组VAS均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),而浮针组比单纯抗阻组降低更为明显(P<0.05).结论:超声弹性成像技术可以较客观评价肌肉硬度的变化,为软组织病变治疗效果提供了新的可靠依据,具有较好的临床应用价值.

目的 探讨实时右心声学造影应用于卵圆孔未闭偏头痛临床诊断价值.方法 选取2018年1月至2019年7月在广东三九脑科医院收治的83例不明原因偏头痛患者进行本次研究,指定同一名高年资、高职称超声检查医师对入选患者予以右心声学造影检查,并将所得结果与其手术或随访确诊结果对比后得出结论.结果 83例不明原因偏头痛患者经手术或随访证实卵圆孔未闭所占比例为49.40％,右心声学造影检查阳性率为48.19％(P>0.05).右心声学造影对卵圆孔未闭检查敏感性为95.12％、特异性为97.62％.结论 应用右心声学造影诊断卵圆孔未闭偏头痛具有较高敏感性、特异性.

Objective:To investigate the significance and value of preoperative color Doppler ultrasound identification of cervical blood vessels for carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, 45 patients with carotid artery stenosis scheduled for CEA in our hospital were selected, all patients underwent carotid color Doppler ultrasound before CEA. In 28 cases, the position of the neck vessels was located and marked by color Doppler ultrasound, who were set as observation group, the other 17 cases as control group. The intraoperative blood loss, incision length, operative time, and postoperative complications of the two groups were analyzed.Results:The intraoperative blood loss in the control group [(80.3±11.1) ml] was higher than that in the observation group [(57.0±10.8) ml], the incision length in the control group [(69.3±10.9) mm] was higher than that in the observation group [(48.8±7.0) mm], and the time required for vascular exposure [(26.1±5.6) min] was higher than that in the observation group [(18.0±5.1) min], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the control group was higher than that in the observation group (58.9% vs.39.2%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound labeling before CEA can reduce the intraoperative blood loss, shorten the incision length, reduce the operation time, which is worthy of clinical and ultrasound doctors to promote.

目的 总结颅脑手术术中超声在非术区急性脑出血的应用经验.方法 回顾性分析5例颅脑外科手术中突发非术区出血的病例资料,均应用术中超声观察与寻找非术区脑出血,并引导术者清除血肿.结果 术中均证实为非术区脑出血,术中超声诊断准确率达100％.术中超声检查显示:手术同侧非术区脑出血4例,对侧出血1例.术中均即刻进行处理,其中血肿完全清除4例,部分清除1例.结论 颅脑手术术中超声能快速评估手术异常情况,迅速定位出血部位,评价血肿清除效果.