长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)是一种长度大于200个核苷酸,缺乏蛋白质编码能力的RNA,不仅参与了细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等多种生理过程,而且还参与了多种疾病的病理过程.近年来,越来越多的研究证明LncRNA的异常表达与肾细胞癌的增殖、侵袭、迁移以及总体生存期的差异等有关.有学者对其作用机制进行了阐述或者猜测,获得了前所未有的新发现,整体的作用机制也在进一步研究当中.随着基础和应用研究的开展以及科学技术的革新,LncRNA功能的潜在机制将逐步揭开,为肾癌早期诊断、预后判断和治疗靶点提供新的突破口.本文针对LncRNA作为肾细胞癌预后生物标志物的研究新进展作一综述.

目的:探讨肝癌切除术后患者D-二聚体(D-Di)及纤维蛋白原降解产物(FDP)的变化与深静脉血栓形成(D V T)的关系,以指导D V T的防治.方法:回顾性分析381例手术切除的肝癌患者,对发生DV T的7例(A组)及符合入组条件、未发生DV T的68例(B组)的D-Di及FDP术前、术后变化进行研究分析.结果:两组患者术后D-Di及FDP值均较术前升高.两组的D-Di值在术后第1、3、5天均持续升高,但B组升高的幅度低于A组的半数.A组的FDP值术后第1、3、5天持续升高;B组的FD P在术后第1天达到高峰,之后开始波动式下降.两组FD P的组间、时点间的效应差异及组间时点间的交互效应差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而两组D-Di的组间、时点间的效应差异及组间时点间的交互效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:肝癌切除术后若D-Di及FDP呈持续上升态势,要高度警惕DVT发生.快速康复外科(ERAS)治疗有利于深静脉血栓的预防.

Objective To study the expression of FOXP3 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its influence on tumor immune response. Meth-ods 86 cases of primary liver cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital during September 2014 to September 2016 were se-lected as observation group,and 50 cases of healthy people were served as normal control group. The expression of FOXP3 mRNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR method of observation group in hepatocellular carcinoma and pericarcinomatous tissues;flow cytometry was used to detect the observation group and normal control group patients'percentage of Th17/Treg cells in peripheral blood,Th1/Th2 cytokines contents were measured by ELISA,agar diffusion method was used to determine the contents of immunoglobulin. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation between the expression of FOXP3 mRNA and antitumor immunity in HCC. Results Expression of FOXP3 mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma tis-sues of observation group was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissue(P <0.05);percentage of Th17 cells and the ratio of Th17/Treg in observation group in peripheral blood were significantly higher than those in normal control group,proportion of Treg cells was lower than that in normal control group;the contents of Th1 cytokines such as IL-12p40,IFN-γin observation group in peripheral blood were lower than those in normal control group,contents of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4,IL-6 were higher than those in normal control group;the contents of IgM,IgG,IgA in peripheral blood in observation group were higher than those in normal control group(P <0.05). Conclusion FOXP3 is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and it can directly affect the anti-tumor immune status of the patients.