目的:了解2019年蒙自市中小学生常见病的患病现况,为制定防治和干预措施提供理论依据.方法:收集2019年蒙自市7所学校6～18岁儿童青少年常见病的监测数据,按性别和年级对常见病检出率进行差异性比较,并分析检出率随年级的变化趋势.结果:2019年蒙自市中小学生视力低下、近视、乳牙龋齿、恒牙龋齿、超重、肥胖和不良的营养检出率分别为62.5％、48.5％、21.3％、35.7％、12.9％、8.9％和11.7％.女生视力低下、近视、恒牙龋齿的检出率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为83.981、66.539和28.566,P值均<0.05).男生肥胖、消瘦检出率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为9.199和5.140,P值均<0.05).随着年级的增高,小学生视力低下、近视、恒牙龋齿、超重、生长迟缓的检出率呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为132.274、488.058、545.233、22.414和22.414,P值均<0.05);随着年级的增高,小学生乳牙龋齿、肥胖的检出率呈下降趋势(χ2值分别为961.759和8.500,P值均<0.05).结论:2019年蒙自市中小学生常见病中视力低下与近视占主导地位.龋齿、超重与肥胖、营养不良问题,需要相关部门根据不同年级学生的特征采对应的措施以提高中小学生的健康水平,越早实施干预,效果越显著.

新型冠状病毒肺炎仍在全球范围内蔓延,给全球的公共卫生安全造成了巨大威胁.近期新型冠状病毒出现了新的变异毒株,因其传播速度快,传染性强,病毒载量高,症状不典型,重症病例多等特点,使新型冠状病毒肺炎的防控形势变得更加复杂.为了进一步了解新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径,发病机制,病理变化,加快抗病毒药物以及疫苗的研发,新型冠状病毒肺炎动物模型在这个过程中发挥了重要作用,本文对不同的新型冠状病毒肺炎动物模型的研究现状进行综述,比较其各自的发病特点,为选择合适的新型冠状病毒肺炎动物模型提供一定的理论依据.

目的:了解2015—2019年兰州市城关区孕产妇艾滋病咨询、检测现状和变化趋势及母婴阻断效果.方法:收集2015—2019年上报至兰州市城关区妇幼保健院有关孕产妇母婴阻断服务工作相关资料,运用Excel、R等软件进行艾滋病咨询率、检测率、Cochran Armitage趋势性检验和母婴阻断效果分析.结果:2015—2019年兰州市城关区艾滋病咨询率孕妇为95.33％,呈上升趋势(Z=-40.051,P<0.01),产妇为98.11％,呈上升趋势(Z=-41.297,P<0.01);抗体检测率孕妇为96.89％,呈上升趋势(Z=-13.448,P<0.01),产妇为99.83％,呈上升趋势(Z=-14.536,P<0.01);咨询产妇孕期艾滋病咨询率为94.61％,呈上升趋势(Z=-8.672,P<0.01),检测产妇孕期艾滋病检测率为94.55％,呈上升趋势(Z=-7.897,P<0.01);产妇孕期艾滋病咨询率和抗体检测率均大于产时;孕妇艾滋病病毒感染率为1.68/万,产妇艾滋病病毒感染率为1.44/万;实施母婴阻断干预措施后,迄今未发现被艾滋病病毒感染的儿童.结论:2015—2019年兰州市城关区孕产妇HIV母婴传播综合服务工作质量较好.

目的检测甲型H1N1流感病人外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化,探讨甲型H1N1流感对其细胞免疫功能的影响。方法总结2009年11月5日至2017年1月15日甘肃省人民医院及兰州大学第二医院所收治的73例临床资料完整且没有基础免疫疾病的甲型H1N1流感病人血清总T淋巴细胞、CD4抗原阳性的T淋巴细胞（CD4+T淋巴细胞）、CD8抗原阳性的T淋巴细胞（CD8+T淋巴细胞）活性的变化规律。结果甲型H1N1流感病人CD8+T淋巴细胞在诊断初期即已升高（42.27±11.13）cells/ul,并在恢复期基本恢复正常（29.26±12.99）cells/ul;总T淋巴细胞、CD4+T淋巴细胞则在诊断初期有不同程度下降（44.09±13.51）、（47.27±7.73）cells/ul,并随病情好转逐渐恢复,CD4+T淋巴细胞与CD8+T淋巴细胞比值在病程中没有统计学差异差异无统计学意义（F=0.294,0.415,0.618;P=0.892,0.106,0.082）,但随病情好转有升高趋势。结论甲型H1N1流感病人免疫功能低下。

OBJECTIVE To get the epidemiological features of the falls injjury and to provide the evidence for intervention. METHODS Data from 9 injury surveillance hospitals in Gansu in 2010,and Excel 2003 and SPSS 11.5 software were used for data processing and statistical analysis. RESULTS There were 6 908 fall inury cases,accounting for 35.68% of all injury cases.The first cause is the falls in each age groups in Gansu. Falls proportion in inury causes of 5~year of age,65~year of age,retirees,housework people,illiteracy/semiliterate, primary school culture level than other age gruops. The peak time of falls happend were Aug,October and 10AM.Recreation activities is themajor acitivity when falls took place. The major palces where falls occurred were:home,Public residences, school and public palces.The most common nature of ijury was bruise,and the most common injuried position was the lower limbs.Most of the injuries were minor ones,and patients mostly went home after treatmet. CONCLUSION Fall is the first cause of injuries in Gansu,children and the elderly are the key crowd for prevention and control.The effective measures shoule be carried out for falls injury control.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of children's dental caries in some nonferrous metal industrial and agricultural areas in Gansu province and to provide a reference for the province's oral health planning.Methods Two hundreds of 5-year-old children and 200 12-year-old in nonferrous metal industrial area and in the neighboring agricultrial area were randomly sampled to examine and complete a questionnairy survey, respectively. The oral examination was included the condition of dental caries and oral hyginene for children of both ages, and dental fluorosis for 12-year-old children.Results The prevalence and DMF index of the 5-year-old children of both the industrial and agricultural areas showed no difference. ②The prevalence, SiC index and DMF index of 12 year-old children in the industrial area showed markedly higher than that of the agricultural area, and the fluorosis index was on the edge of prevalence. ③The oral plaque index of all the children in the industrial area was lower than that of the agricultural area.Conclusion The factors influencing children's dental caries in this nonferrous metal industrial estate may be related with the social status, economical condition and the environment pollution.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of dental caries for children living in nonferrous metal industrial areas and non-industrial areas in Gansu province and to provide evidence for oral health promotion. Methods By use of random sampling,200 5-year-old and 200 12-year-old children from nonferrous metal industrial areas and the same number children from non-industrial areas were examined,which included conditions of dental caries,oral hygiene and dental fluorosis in 12 year-old children. Meanwhile,fluoride concentration in drinking water was measured. Results For the 5 year-old children,the prevalence and DMF index had no statistical difference between the industrial areas and non-industrial areas. For the 12 year-old children,the prevalence,SiC index and DMF index showed markedly higher in industrial areas than in non-industrial areas. Still more,the dental fluorosis index was near the epidemic.The oral plaque index demonstrated lower in the industrial areas than that in non-industrial areas.The fluoride concentration in drinking water was under the national criterion in both areas(1.0 mgL). Conclusion Some environmental factors in nonferrous metal industry areas may contribute to dental caries in children.

湿疹是由多种内外因素引起过敏反应的急性、亚急性或慢性皮肤病,相当于中医文献中的"湿疮".其特点为多型性皮损,弥漫性分布,对称性发作,剧烈瘙痒,反复发病,有演变成慢性的倾向,至今尚无满意的治疗方法.笔者用中医药辨证治疗此病120例,取得了较好的疗效,现总结如下.