The aim of this research is to probe further into the anthocyanins metabolism and functions of enzymes involved in the synthesis of anthocyanins in strawberry fruits.The coding sequences of three genes encoding DFR,ANS and LAR were cloned from 'Albion'(Fragaria×ananassa) strawberry fruits by RT-PCR.The predicted protein sequences shared 99%~100% homology to those of 'Queen Elisa' and 'Korona'(Fragaria×ananassa) strawberry published in NCBI.Semiquantitative RT-PCR showed that DFR had three transcript level peaks at fruitlet stage,white stage and red stage,respectively,with the highest at red stage.The transcript level of ANS increased rapidly from white stage,reaching the highest at red stage.The transcript level of LAR showed a decreased trend with the highest at fruitlet stage.During the development of strawberry fruits,the transcript level of DFR peaks at fruitlet and red stages correlated with the concentration of flavan-3-nols and anthocyanins.The LAR and ANS were closely correlative with the synthesis of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols,respectively.

Tissue-specific expression of the A-IPTs genes in apple(Malus×Domestica Borkh.)were analyzed for further study of roles of MdIPTsin cytokinin biosynthesis and modifying tree form by genetic transformation in apple.In this study,the‘Fuji'apple(M.domestica Borkh.cv.Fuji)and its plantlets in vitro were used as materials and semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was conducted to study expression levels of seven A-IPTsin shoot tips,young leaves,internodes,bark tissues,leaf buds,flora buds,flowers at balloon stage,open flowers,young fruits and roots of‘Fuji'apple.The results showed that MdIPT3aand MdIPT1b were detected in all tested tissues and organs.The expression lever of MdIPT3a was higher than that of MdIPT1b.MdIPT5aexpressed highly in flowers,while MdIPT5bin shoot tips and young leaves.The weak expression of MdIPT1a was detected in roots,bark tissue,and leaf buds,while MdIPT3b was only detected in internodes of plantlets in vitro.MdIPT7awasn't detected in all tested tissues.Seven A-IPTs exhibit tissue-specific expression and highly homologous genes in pairs in apple had different expression profiles.