Objective:To explore the acceptance of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients and its influencing factors.Methods:From April 2019 to January 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 300 breast cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University as the research object. The patients were investigated by the General Information Questionnaire, Body Image after Breast Cancer Questionnaire (BIBCQ) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition (AAQ-Ⅱ) . A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 275 valid questionnaires were recovered.Results:A total of 275 breast cancer patients were divided into the acceptance group and the non-acceptance group, of which 110 were in the acceptance group and 165 in the non-acceptance group. The influencing factors of the acceptance of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients included age, monthly family per capita income, BIBCQ score and AAQ-Ⅱ score, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The low-level acceptance of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients is affected by the patient's age, income, self-image, and experiential avoidance attitude. Providing relevant coping strategies can help increase the acceptance.

目的 等速肌力训练对乳腺癌改良根治术后上肢淋巴水肿(ULMRMBC)患者患肢肌力及运动功能的影响.方法 选取123例ULMRMBC患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表进行分组.对照组61例给予抗阻力训练,观察组62例给予等速肌力训练.观察两组患者患肢运动功能、患肢肌力指标.结果 观察组肩关节活动度优于对照组,上肢功能评定量表(DASH)评分低于对照组,上肢淋巴流量大于对照组,双上臂周径差小于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者患肢肌力均大于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.0001).结论 等速肌力训练能够使肌肉获得最大限度的负荷、增加关节腔滑液,减轻上肢淋巴水肿,增强患者运动功能及肌肉力量.

目的 对比年轻乳腺癌与年长乳腺癌患者临床资料并分析其复发危险因素.方法 选择乳腺癌患者200例,按年龄将其分为年轻组(<35岁)、年长组(≥35岁),其中年轻组32例,年长组168例.比较两组乳腺癌患者临床资料、局部复发率、远处转移率、死亡率及5年生存率,并进一步分析影响乳腺癌患者预后的独立风险因素.结果 年轻组乳腺癌患者临床病理参数绝经情况、ER状态、术后化疗情况与年长组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).年轻组乳腺癌患者局部复发率为18.75％(6/32),年长组乳腺癌患者局部复发率为6.55％(11/168),两组乳腺癌患者局部复发率相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).年轻组乳腺癌患者远处转移率为3.13％(1/32),死亡率为9.38％(3/32),年长组乳腺癌患者远处转移率为6.55％(11/168),死亡率为7.74％(13/168),两组乳腺癌患者远处转移率、死亡率相比差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05).年轻组乳腺癌患者5年生存率90.63％(29/32),年长组乳腺癌患者5年生存率96.26％(155/168),两组乳腺癌患者5年生存率相比差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05).化疗可作为影响乳腺癌患者预后的独立因素.结论 年轻乳腺癌患者与年老乳腺癌患者5年生存率并未发现明显差异,而年轻乳腺癌患者局部复发风险较年老乳腺癌患者显著增加.

目的 探讨早期乳腺癌患者改良根治术与保乳手术治疗的效果及对患者术后生活质量的影响.方法 选取早期乳腺癌患者84例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组各42例.对照组实施改良根治术治疗,观察组实施保乳治疗.比较两组手术情况、乳房外观优良率、局部复发、远处转移、3年生存率及术后生活质量.结果 观察组术中出血量为(266.74±10.63)ml,少于对照组(420.06±10.54)ml,手术时间(152.57±10.67)min、住院时间(12.06±1.05)d,短于对照组的(187.96±9.65)min、(18.43±2.11)d,观察组乳房外观优良率(95.24％)高于对照组(76.19％),观察组术后3年SF-36评分为(81.59±4.68)分,高于对照组的(70.63±4.32)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组局部复发率、远处转移率和3年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌患者在保留乳房外观、提高生活质量、缩短患者住院时间方面明显优于改良根治术,可作为治疗早期乳腺癌的理想方式.

Objective To explore the reasons, identification methods and treatment measures of rupture by the research on the rupture during applying venous port access (VPA). Methods A retrospective analysis was used to the cases collected from 2013 to 2016 with rupture of VPA. The study summarized and evaluated the reasons, identification methods and treatment measures of rupture. Results A total of 3 246 cases were with VPA from 2013 to 2016. There were 13 cases with rupture of VPA. The time from implanting VPA to finding the rupture ranged from 13 days (the shortest) to 120 days (the longest).There were 8 cases with catheter displacement and 5 with no catheter displacement after rupture. The rupture was discovered and identified by the methods of touch, observation and maintenance before treatment and so on. Besides, the rupture was treated with the method of local and interventional operation. Conclusions The methods of touch, observation and maintenance before treatment and so on are reliable and effective. The treatment on rupture of VPA was proper. The key of reducing the incidence of complications on rupture is to strengthen the management and knowledge education, pay attention to maintenance and take predictable measures.

目的探讨系统化健康教育对提高PICC置管成功率,减少并发症,提高患者生活质量的重要性。方法对42例PICC置管患者进行有效的系统化健康教育,介绍PICC置管的方法,讲解PICC置管的目的与意义,并实施相应的护理措施。结果患者情绪稳定,积极配合PICC置管及维护,对治疗起到促进作用。结论系统化健康教育可有效提高PICC护理质量,减少并发症,值得推广应用并加以完善。

<正>农民工返乡创业是当前我国农村经济社会发展中出现的一个新的社会现象。一些在外积累了一定的资金、技术和经验的农民工回到家乡进行艰难的创业,既为农村经济社会的发展注入了新的活力,有力地推动了社会主义新农村建设的发展,同时也给各级政府提出了新的要求。

At present,the climax of migrant workers returning hometown to start their own business is coming.It changes the old long-term one-way pattern of transfer of rural labor going to urban and developed areas.The migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own business has imbarked the benign interaction pattern of business starting helping improve employment and the other way round.This is helpful to the coordinated developmont between the city and countryside region,and it plays a vital role to the rural economy development and the construction of our harmonious society.This article analyzes the reason and the significance of the migrant workers returning hometown to start his own business,and points out the problem of this phenomenon,attempting to make some suggestions and countermeasures.

Casework can help people solve current difficulties,refind themselves,realize themselves and develop themselves.Domestic violence against women has resulted in serious physical and psychological harm,while on the part of women,the improvement of self-recognition and consciousness can help women struggle against domestic violence and develop themselves.This paper,through studying a case of a women and case intervention,expose the procedure of casework,so that similar cases can draw experience to solve more domestic violence cases.