鉴于拱坝的破坏过程和极限承载能力是工程安全度的重要参考依据,以位于梯形河谷中的鸟巢拱坝为例,基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则,利用强度折减法和超载法对鸟巢拱坝进行了弹塑性有限元计算,并联合采用计算收敛、位移突变、塑性区贯通等安全判据,分析了在坝肩断层的影响下鸟巢梯形拱坝的渐进破坏过程和极限承载能力.结果 表明,对于不同的研究方法,鸟巢梯形拱坝塑性区的发育规律有较大差异,但坝体的最终破坏模式相同;坝肩断层使右拱端应力和位移明显增大,对塑性区的空间发展起到限制作用.

为研究角木塘水电站溢洪道表孔弧形闸门出现的流激振动现象,通过制作几何比尺为1∶30的完全水弹性相似模型进行相关试验,研究弧形闸门在有无止水时的应力响应和加速度响应特性,以得到闸门在不同开度下应力的规律性变化.试验结果表明,静应力在无止水时的压应力大于有止水时的压应力,动应力在有止水时随闸门开度的增大先增加再减小,加速度在无止水时最大值为0.761g,有止水时最大值为0.699g,加装止水后加速度值减小,振动现象得到改善,动力响应满足闸门抗振设计要求.

武汉市北部黄陂区前川城区因城市发展需要,拟在院基寺水库增设取水口.由于工程选址在水库溢洪道附近,为分析取水口建成运行对溢洪道的影响,分别从工程建设前后溢洪道泄流能力变化和工程运行时溢洪道边坡渗流稳定两个方面进行研究,采用Flow 3D软件对工程建设前后不同泄流工况的流场进行建模并对比分析,应用Geo studio软件选取2处不利断面进行了边坡渗流稳定分析,结果表明工程建设前后溢洪道泄流流量变化小于1％且工程对泄流流场影响可忽略不计;若发生管道渗漏,溢洪道边坡最大水力坡降在规范允许范围内,且工程建设对溢洪道边坡渗流稳定影响较小,研究成果可供类似工程应用参考.

Combined with the No.5 overflow section of Yangshengguan Reservoir, the hydraulic model test method is used to analyze the discharge capacity of overflow weir, the flow pattern, pressure of the spillway stepped surface and the energy dissipation rate of stepped spillway and stilling basin. The results show that the actual over-flow capacity of overflow weir meets the design requirements. The water flow in the stepped surface is slip flow with sufficient aeration,the flow pattern is good.The flow pattern in the stilling basin is disorderly,and the water surface in the tail is strongly fluctuated. Negative pressure prevails near the convex corner, but its magnitude is small. The energy dissipation rate of the stepped spillway and stilling basin exceeds 90% under all three characteristic conditions, and most of the energy is eliminated on the stepped surface of the spillway.