Background:Carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) is a life-threatening complication that can occur after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, resulting in catastrophic hemorrhage. Endovascular treatments, including coil embolization and stent grafting, have become standard options for managing CBS. Recent studies suggest that individualized approaches based on aneurysm location and vascular condition may further reduce recurrence and complications. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of these treatments in NPC patients with CBS. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 46 NPC patients who developed CBS following radiotherapy and underwent endovascular intervention at Zhongshan People's Hospital between January 2016 and July 2023. Outcomes such as immediate hemostasis, rebleeding rates, complications, and 1-year survival were analyzed. Results:Among the 46 patients, 29 received coil embolization and 17 underwent stent grafting. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in all cases (100%). The 1-year rebleeding rate was 8.6% (4/46), and the overall complication rate was 8.6% (4/46), with cerebral infarctions being the primary concern. Coil embolization is associated with lower rebleeding rates, while stent grafting preserves arterial patency better. The 1-year survival rate was 89.1% (41/46). Conclusion:Endovascular interventions, including coil embolization and stent grafting, are effective in managing CBS in NPC patients after radiotherapy. Future research should focus on refining patient selection criteria and optimizing long-term outcomes.

BACKGROUND Flat bone metastases are common in patients with advanced cancers, often resulting in severe pain, limited mobility, and reduced quality of life (QOL). Traditional treatment options, such as radiotherapy or systemic therapies, often fail to provide sufficient pain relief or improve functional outcomes in these patients. Microwave ablation (MWA) offers advantages, such as shorter procedure times and larger ablation zones, while percutaneous osteoplasty (PO) enhances bone stability and prevents pathological fractures. Despite these benefits, the combination of these techniques for treating flat bone metastases remains underexplored. AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of C-arm computed tomography (CT)-guided MWA combined with PO for managing painful flat bone metastases, focusing on pain relief, functional improvement, and QOL enhancement. METHODS A total of 45 patients with refractory moderate-to-severe pain resulting from flat bone metastases who underwent C-arm CT-guided MWA combined with PO between January 2015 and January 2021 were included. The efficacy of the procedure was assessed by changes in the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and QOL, as well as the occurrence of complications. Tumor response was evaluated using RECIST v1.1 and mRECIST criteria, with overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) as the primary endpoints. RESULTS No serious complications were observed in any of the patients. A significant reduction in VAS and ODI was noted at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-procedure. A marked improvement in QOL was observed at all follow-up points. Bone cement extravasation was observed in 10 patients; however, none exhibited significant clinical symptoms. Based on RECIST v1.1, the ORR was 26.7% and the DCR was 88.9%. The mRECIST evaluation revealed a higher ORR of 51.1% and DCR of 88.9%. CONCLUSION C-arm CT-guided MWA with PO provides a dependable and effective strategy for managing flat bone metastases. It demonstrates significant pain relief, improved functional outcomes, and enhanced QOL. This treatment combination also shows promising tumor response rates with a low complication profile.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and treatment outcome of C-arm CT percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of cervical 1 (C1) vertebral metastases. Methods: This report recruited a male patient diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and C1 vertebral metastases, who had suffered from severe neck pain symptoms and the analgesic showed little soothing effect. Under the guidance of C-arm CT, an 18G coaxial needle was used to puncture the left lateral mass of C1 vertebral metastases from lateral space between thyroid cartilage and the left carotid sheath, with 2 ml bone cement injected. Results: Postoperative C-arm CT three-dimensional reconstruction scan showed that the bone cement was well filled and distributed in the left lateral mass of C1 vertebral body, and no leakage of bone cement was observed. The neck pain of the patients was significantly relieved one week after the operation. Conclusion: Under the guidance of C-arm CT, cement augmentation using percutaneous vertebroplasty in an anterior cervical direction could serve as a safe and effective pain relief approach for patients with C1 vertebral metastases.

This research was intended to compare the clinical efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in conjunction with lenvatinib and PD1 inhibitors to first-line systemic chemotherapy for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC). The research enrolled advanced ICC patients who underwent HAIC plus lenvatinib and PD1 inhibitor(n = 51) or first-line systemic chemotherapy(cisplatin + gemcitabine, n = 39) between July 2020 to January 2023 in Zhongshan People's Hospital.Their clinical outcomes were assessed through measurement of parameters encompassing objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), median duration of response (mDOR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). In accordance with the RECIST1.1, the ORR in the HAIC + L + P and SC groups was 43.1% and 20.5%, while the DCR was 90.2% and 69.2%, respectively (P = 0.04 and = 0.02, respectively). The change in the maximum diameter of intrahepatic target lesions in patients before and after treatment and the diameter of intrahepatic tumors in the HAIC + L + P group were sharply smaller versus the SC group ( P < 0.001). The HAIC + L + P group had prolonged mOS (16.8 months vs. 11.0 months, P = 0.01) and mPFS (12.0 months vs. 6.9 months, P < 0.01) in comparison with the SC group. Compared to first-line systemic chemotherapy(cisplatin + gemcitabine), HAIC plus lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors contributes to improvement of tumor response and prolongation of OS and PFS in advanced ICC patients.

BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy and complications of endovascular treatment for hemorrhage caused by ruptured internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms following radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed NPC patients who underwent endovascular treatment for ruptured internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm hemorrhage after radiotherapy at Zhongshan People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022. The study aims to assess the postoperative hemostasis rate, postoperative rebleeding rate, complication rate, and 1-year postoperative survival rate.ResultsDuring the study period, 36 patients underwent endovascular treatment, of which 24 patients underwent embolization of the internal carotid artery and 12 patients underwent stenting of the internal carotid artery. The procedure success rate was 100%. The rebleeding rate at 1 year after the procedure was 5.6% (2/36, one patient with stent placement and one patient with coil embolization), and the complication rate was 11.1% (4/36, four patients with coil embolization patients). Two patients developed large-area cerebral infarction after the procedure, and two patients had different degrees of neurological impairment after the procedure. The 1-year survival rate was 91.7% (33/36).ConclusionRuptured internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm hemorrhage after radiotherapy is rare but life-threatening. Endovascular treatment with coil occlusion or stenting reconstruction of the internal carotid artery provides immediate hemostasis and elimination of the pseudoaneurysm with a low rate of recurrence, which may be effective in reducing patient mortality.

Background:With the widespread adoption of computed tomography (CT) technology, the number of detected pulmonary nodules has gradually increased. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy has become the primary method for qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. Benefiting from its three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction capability, cone-beam CT (CBCT) technology has also been widely adopted. Nevertheless, pneumothorax remains the most common complication of these diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of conventional CT (CCT)- and CBCT-guided coaxial core needle biopsy (CCNB) and the effectiveness of gelfoam particle suspension in reducing complications through tract embolization. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 320 patients who had undergone CCNB for nodules ≤3 cm from January 2020 to June 2022 at Zhongshan People's Hospital, comprising 325 biopsies (145 CCT-guided and 180 CBCT-guided). Gelfoam tract embolization was specifically used in biopsies of patients identified with a high risk of complications. Comparative statistics involved diagnostic outcomes (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy), procedural lengths, complication occurrences, and radiation doses. Results:Diagnostically, both CCT (sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 100%, accuracy 94.1%) and CBCT (sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 100%, accuracy 93.8%) offered a similarly high performance. The CCT technique was preferable in terms of shorter median operational times (19 vs. 24 minutes; P<0.001) and greater radiation exposure (13.9 vs. 10.1 mSv; P<0.001). The complication rates of CBCT and CCT, such as those of pneumothorax (18.9% vs. 20.7%; P=0.69) and hemorrhage (23.9% vs. 18.6%; P=0.25), were comparable. Of note, the comparison of biopsies with and without gelfoam embolization revealed a marked reduction in postoperative pneumothorax incidence (1.24% vs. 7.9%; P=0.004) and the requirement for drainage (0% vs. 4.27%; P=0.02), indicating the effectiveness of this procedure. Conclusions:CCT- and CBCT-guided lung biopsies demonstrate equivalent diagnostic capacities, with CCT providing shorter median operational times. Importantly, gelfoam embolization substantially diminishes the risk of postoperative pneumothorax, underscoring its value in high-risk patients.

BACKGROUND The advent of cutting-edge systemic therapies has driven advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and therapeutic strategies with multiple modes of delivery have been shown to be more efficacious than monotherapy. However, the mechanisms underlying this innovative treatment modality have not been elucidated. AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy of targeted therapy plus immunotherapy combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) of FOLFOX in patients with unresectable HCC. METHODS We enrolled 53 patients with unresectable HCC who received a combination of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and HAIC of FOLFOX between December 2020 and June 2021 and assessed the efficacy and safety of the treatment regimen. RESULTS The objective response rate was 60.4% (32/53), complete response was 24.5% (13/53), partial response was 35.9% (19/53), and stable disease was 39.6% (21/53). The median duration of response and median progression-free survival were 9.1 and 13.9 months, respectively. The surgical conversion rate was 34.0% (18/53), and 1-year overall survival was 83.0% without critical complicating diseases or adverse events (AEs). CONCLUSION The regimen of HAIC of FOLFOX, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy was curative for patients with unresectable HCC, with no serious AEs and a high rate of surgical conversion.

Purpose: The aim is to devise a machine learning algorithm exploiting preoperative clinical data to forecast the hazard of pneumothorax post-coaxial needle lung biopsy (CCNB), thereby informing clinical decision-making and enhancing perioperative care. Method: This retrospective analysis aggregated clinical and imaging data from patients with lung nodules (<= 3 cm) biopsies. Variable selection was done using univariate analysis and LASSO regression, with the dataset subsequently divided into training (80 %) and validation (20 %) subsets. Various machine learning (ML) classifiers were employed in a consolidated approach to ascertain the paramount model, which was followed by individualized risk profiling showcased through Shapley Additive eXplanations (SHAP). Results: Out of the 325 patients included in the study, 19.6% (64/325) experienced postoperative pneumothorax. High-risk factors determined were Cancer, Lesion_type, GOLD, Size, and Depth. The Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) classifier demonstrated superior prediction with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95% CI 0.71-0.94), complemented by an accuracy rate of 0.8, sensitivity of 0.71, specificity of 0.84, and an F1 score of 0.61 in the test cohort. Conclusion: The formulated prognostic algorithm exhibited commendable efficacy in preoperatively prognosticating CCNB-induced pneumothorax, harboring the potential to refine personalized risk appraisals, steer clinical judgment, and ameliorate perioperative patient stewardship.

Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare clinical condition with a characteristic clinical presentation of coughing bile-like sputum, which seriously affects the patient’s quality of life. We report a case of a 60-year-old male patient with bronchobiliary fistula who was successfully treated with percutaneous hepatic puncture to closure the endobiliary fistula. The patient was followed up for 3 months without recurrence of bile-like sputum.

Purpose:Evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of microwave ablation combined with percutaneous osteoplasty (MWA + PO group) versus percutaneous osteoplasty (PO group) for the treatment of flat bone metastases. Methods:Patients with flat bone metastases and intractable pain who underwent PO and/or MWA from January 2016 to January 2023 in our hospital were included, with 36 cases in the MWA+PO group and 21 cases in the PO group. Changes in the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and quality of life assessment scale(QOL) were evaluated regularly. Postoperative complications and target lesion tumor treatment responses were also observed. Results:The VAS and ODI in both the MWA+PO group and the PO group significantly decreased at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively, The VAS and ODI in the MWA+PO group were lower than those in the PO group postoperatively. The QOL in both the MWA+PO group and the PO group significantly increased at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively, with the QOL in the MWA+PO group being higher than that in the PO group postoperatively. According to the mRECIST criteria (target lesion tumor treatment response), the ORR in the MWA+PO group and PO group was 52.8% and 9.5%, respectively, while the DCR was 94.4% and 57.1%, respectively (P <0.001 and<0.001). Different degrees of bone cement extravasation were observed in both the PO group (38.1%) and MWA+PO group(19.4%)(χ²=2.38, P=0.12), but none of the patients developed clinical symptoms related to bone cement extravasation. The average cost of surgery was ¥10,480.43 higher in the MWA+PO group than in the PO group. Conclusion:The MWA+PO treatment is more effective in relieving patients' local pain, improving local dysfunction, and enhancing quality of life, and can effectively improve target lesion tumor ORR and DCR, but it is also more costly.

BACKGROUND:Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) has an insidious onset and is usually diagnosed in the middle and late stages. Although transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the preferred option for treating middle- and advanced-stage PHC, it has limited efficacy in killing tumor cells and poor long-term efficacy. TACE plus percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) is more effective than interventional therapy alone and can improve survival time. However, there are few reports on the effects of TACE and PMCT on serum marker levels and the prognosis of patients with advanced PHC.AIM:To investigate the effect of PMCT + TACE on serum tumor markers and the prognosis of middle-late PHC.METHODS:This retrospective study included 150 patients with middle-late PHC admitted to Zhongshan People's Hospital between March 2018 and February 2021. Patients were divided into a single group (treated with TACE, n = 75) and a combined group (treated with TACE + PMCT, n = 75). Before and after treatment, the clinical efficacy and serum tumor marker levels [carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] of both groups were observed. The 1-year survival rates and prognostic factors of the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:The combined group had 21 and 35 cases of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), respectively. The single group had 13 and 25 cases of CR and PR, respectively. After 4 wk of treatment, the serum CA19-9, CEA, and AFP levels in the single and combined groups decreased, with the decrease in the combined group being more significant (P < 0.05). The 1-year survival rate of the combined group (80.00%) was higher than that of the single group (60.00%) (P < 0.05). The average survival time within 1 year in the combined group was 299.38 ± 61.13 d, longer than that in the single group (214.41 ± 72.97 d, P < 0.05). COX analysis revealed that tumor diameter, tumor number, and the treatment method were prognostic factors for patients with middle-late PHC (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:TACE + PMCT is effective in treating patients with mid-late PHC. It reduces the levels of tumor markers, prolongs survival, and improves prognosis.

目的 总结经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)的介入手术护理经验与心得体会.方法 选取2018年1月至2022年7月由我院收治行TIPS术的102例患者作为研究对象,对其病历资料进行整理分析研究,对术前准备、术中护理配合及围手术期护理进行归纳总结,将患者以随机分组方式分为观察组和对照组,每组各51例.对照组患者予普通常规护理,观察组患者实施精细化的介入护理.观察分析两组患者的一般资料、治疗效果、护理前后心理状况及护理总体满意度.结果 两组患者一般资料的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).观察组术后6个月肝性

目的 探讨经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)用于治疗肝硬化门静脉高压患者的效果,分析血清因子与预后的联系.方法 回顾性分析2020年2月至2022年2月中山市人民医院收治的90例肝硬化门静脉高压患者的临床资料,入院后均行TIPS治疗.比较90例患者手术前后的肝功能指标[总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)及白蛋白(ALB)]、门静脉压、门静脉血流指数及血清炎性趋化因子配体9(CXCL9)、血栓素A2(TXA2)及前列环素(PGI2)水平.根据随访结果分为预后良好组(40例)和预后不良组(50例),比较两组患者术前血清CXCL9、TXA2 及PGI2 水平,并采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析上述指标预测患者预后的价值.结果 术前、术后1周、术后2周患者的TBIL水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后2周的ALT、AST水平低于术前、术后1周,术后1周的ALT、AST水平高于术前,术后2周的ALB水平高于术前、术后1周,术后1周的ALB水平高于术前(P<0.05).患者术后2周的门静脉压、门静脉血流指数水平低于术前、术后1周,术后1周低于术前(P<0.05).患者术后2周血清CXCL9、TXA2及PGI2 水平低于术前、术后1周,术后1周低于术前(P<0.05).预后良好组患者术前血清CXCL9、TXA2 及PGI2 水平低于预后不良组(P<0.05).ROC分析显示,血清CXCL9、TXA2 及PGI2 能够用于患者TIPS治疗后预后不良的预测,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.748、0.845及0.858(P<0.05).结论 TIPS用于治疗肝硬化门静脉高压能改善患者肝功能异常,降低其门静脉压力、门静脉血流指数、血清CXCL9、TXA2 及PGI2 水平,同时通过ROC分析,证实血清CXCL9、TXA2 及PGI2 水平可用于TIPS治疗后预后不良的预测.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with lenvatinib and PD1 inhibitors vs. transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib and PD1 inhibitors in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and artery-portal shunts (APFs). HCC Patients with PVTT and APFs who received HAIC in combination with PD1 inhibitor or TACE in combination with lenvatinib and PD1 inhibitor from March 2019 to May 2023 in Zhongshan People's Hospital were included. The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), median duration of response (mDOR), and adverse events (AEs) were assessed. A total of 95 patients were enrolled in this study, including 34 cases in the HAIC+L+P group and 61 cases in the TACE+L+P group. According to the RECIST1.1, the ORR was 52.9% and 27.9%, and the DCR was 100% and 88.5%, respectively (P values =0.03 and < 0.001, respectively). The mOS of HAIC+L+P group and TACE+L+P group were 25.00 and 19.30 months, respectively (P=0.035). The mPFS of the two groups were 21.74 and 8.74 months, respectively (P=0.0066). The mDOR of the two groups was 20.43 and 9.13 months, respectively (P=0.067). Compared with TACE in combination with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors, HAIC (FOLFOX) in combination with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors can improve tumor response and prolong OS, PFS, and DOR in HCC patients with PVTT and APFs.

1 临床资料 患者男性,43岁.因"颈部疼痛1周,加重 1 d"收治入院.患者确诊肝癌9月余,颈部疼痛不适1周,逐渐加重,伴头晕,无天旋地转;疼痛VAS评分为6分.予盐酸羟考酮30 mg每8 h 1次,口服,VAS评分降至2分;但药效维持时间仅3 h.MRI检查见寰椎及枕骨基底部异常信号影,考虑转移瘤(图1).拟行C臂CT引导下经皮椎体成形术.

RATIONAL:The development of bronchial hemangioma in adults is rare, and massive hemoptysis due to diffuse vascular proliferation of bronchial hemangioma is fatal.PATIENT CONCERNS:A case of a 29-year-old woman kept massive hemoptysis even after being underwent repeated interventional embolization for recurrent massive hemoptysis. Eventually, the patient was performed the operation of right upper lung lobectomy and bronchial hemangioma with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and was followed up for 4 years without recurrent hemoptysis.DIAGNOSES:Bronchial hemangioma.CONCLUSION:For patients with bronchial angiomas bonded with bronchial artery-pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, the early surgical resection is recommended if bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is considered ineffective.

目的 评估鼻咽癌患者放射治疗后颈内动脉假性动脉瘤破裂大出血接受介入治疗的安全性、有效性及并发症发生情况.方法 纳入2016年1月至2020年12月在中山市人民医院因鼻咽癌放疗后颈内动脉假性动脉瘤破裂大出血接受介入治疗的患者,分析患者术后止血率、术后1年再出血率、并发症发生率、术后1年生存率.结果 共纳入23例患者,其中8例患者接受动脉覆膜支架植入治疗,15例患者接受颈内动脉弹簧圈闭塞治疗.手术成功率100％,术后1年再出血率4.3％(1/23),为覆膜支架植入术患者;并发症发生率为17.4％(4/23),4例均为弹簧圈闭塞治疗患者,其中2例患者术后出现大面积脑梗死,2例术后出现不同程度神经系统症状;术后1年生存率为91.3％.结论 鼻咽癌放疗后颈内动脉假性动脉瘤破裂大出血罕见,但危险性高,介入治疗能有效止血及闭塞假性动脉瘤,且复发率低,能有效降低患者病死率.

胸腔穿刺术主要用于胸腔积液诊断和气胸、胸腔积液的治疗，该手术操作的典型并发症包括气胸、出血（包括血胸）和复张性肺水肿[1]。胸腔穿刺引起肋间动脉损伤造成大出血为罕见的并发症；文献中报道的医源性损伤病例相对较少，既往的报道主要为外科手术的并发症[2]。对肋间动脉大出血的及时处理很重要，我们将2例胸腔穿刺术致肋间动脉大出血成功行介入止血（1例明胶海绵栓塞及1例弹簧圈栓塞）的病例报道如下。

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This paper aims to examine the CT imaging characteristics of COVID-19. Methods: We evaluated CT images obtained between 10 January 2019 and 16 February 2020 at Taihe Hospital. Scans were conducted 2-6 times per patient and the re-testing interval was 2-7 days. Ninety-five patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test results were included in this study and we retrospectively analysed their CT imaging characteristics. Results: Ninety-five patients underwent 2-3 SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests and received a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19. Fifty-three were male and 42 were female, and their mean age was 42 +/- 12 years (range: 10 months to 81 years). Sixty-nine patients (72.6%) experienced fever, fatigue, and dry cough, while 15 (15.8%) had poor appetite and fatigue, and 11 (11.6%) had a dry cough and no fever. On CT imaging, early stage patients (n = 53, 55.8%) showed peripheral subpleural ground-glass opacities; these were mainly local patches (22/53, 41.5%), while some lesions were accompanied by interlobular septal thickening. Thirtyfour (35.8%) patients were classified in the 'progression stage' based on CT imaging; these patients typically showed lesions in multiple lung segments and lobes (21/34 , 61.8%), and an uneven increase in ground-glass opacity density accompanied by consolidation and grid-like or cord-like shadows(30.5%). Two patients (2.1%) showed a severe presentation on CT. These showed diffuse bilateral lung lesions, mixed ground-glass opacities and consolidation with cord-like interstitial thickening and air bronchograms, entire lung involvement with a "white lung" presentation, and mild pleural effusion. Six patients in remission (6.3%), visible lesion absorption, fibrotic lesions. Based on clinical signs, 71 (74.7%), 22 (23.2%), and 2 (2.1%) patients had mild or moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Within the follow-up period, 93 patients recovered and were discharged, including the 53 early stage patients and 34 progression stage patients. The length of hospitalisation was 7-28 days (mean: 10 +/- 3.5 days). On discharge, lesions were significantly reduced in area and had in many cases completely disappeared, while slight pulmonary fibrosis was present in some patients. One severe stage patient was still hospitalised at the end of the follow-up period and the other severe stage patient died. The overall mortality rate was 1.05%. Conclusions: Understanding the CT imaging characteristics of COVID-19 is important for early lesion detection, determining the nature of lesions, and assessing disease severity.

目的 探讨经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(PTCD)后肝动脉出血的介入治疗效果.方法 收集我院2012年1月—2017年1月30例PTCD术后肝动脉出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,均行介入治疗,观察治疗效果.结果 经肝动脉造影显示造影剂外流18例,假性动脉瘤10例,肝动脉畸形2例.介入治疗中单纯使用弹簧圈25例,使用明胶海绵2例,同时使用弹簧圈和明胶海绵3例.介入后患者血压、血红蛋白水平均比介入前升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);介入后早期患者血清转氨酶水平升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着时间延长血清转氨酶逐渐降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 介入治疗是PTCD术后肝动脉出血的安全、有效的治疗方法.