回顾性分析于南华大学附属第一医院胸外科实习的独立学院医学生采用树形图带教模式的效果,探讨该模式在胸外科教学中的优势.研究中学生顺利通过理论与技能考核,且学习氛围及兴趣浓厚,取得了良好的效果.因此,该带教模式对于培养独立学院医学生养成独立、积极、自主的学习习惯具有重要的意义.

肺癌是当今世界最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其新发率和死亡率多年来都居于各类癌症之首,其中85％的肺癌都是非小细胞癌,而腺癌又是最常见的非小细胞癌.肺癌的高隐匿性是造成其高死亡率的最主要原因,因此为肺癌的早期诊断和病理分期寻求高效可靠的方法是十分必要的.代谢组学揭示了小分子代谢物的一系列变化,反映了生命活动的最终状态,因此也能直接反映疾病不同发展阶段的病理生理变化.本研究利用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR),对在我院就诊的27例不同病理分期的肺腺癌患者和13例健康志愿者进行了血清代谢物分析,运用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)对1H-NMR数据进行建模,单变量统计分析对模型进行评价.结果 表明肺腺癌患者组的血清中有14种代谢物出现明显差异,其中丙酮酸、丙氨酸、NAC1、乳酸、GPC和甘氨酸比起对照组来有显著上升,而葡萄糖、谷氨酰胺、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、丙酮、乙酰乙酸和苏氨酸则显著下降.而在不同分期肺腺癌患者间进行比较后发现,异亮氨酸、乙酰乙酸、NAC1和乳酸的变化与肺腺癌的发展有相关性,可能是肺腺癌早期诊断和分期的潜在生物标志物.

Background The average 5-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma patients is only 15% to 17%, which is primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and a lack of specific prognostic evaluations that can recommend effective therapies. Additionally, there is no clinically recognized biomarker that is effective for early-stage diagnosis. Methods Tissue samples from 10 lung adenocarcinoma patients (both tumor and non-tumor tissues) and 10 benign lung tumor samples were collected. The significantly differentially represented metabolites from the three groups were analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Results Pathway analysis indicated that central carbon metabolism was the top altered pathway in lung adenocarcinoma, while protein digestion and absorption, and central carbon metabolism were the top altered pathways in benign lung tumors. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that adenosine 3′-monophosphate, creatine, glycerol, and 14 other differential metabolites were potential sensitive and specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the metabolomics approach may be a useful method to detect potential biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

目的:研究长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)RNU12 siRNA转染对食管癌EC9706细胞生物学特性的影响.方法:采用qRT-PCR检测EC9706细胞和人食管上皮细胞HEEC中RNU12的表达水平.将RNU12 siRNA转染EC9706细胞,同时设阴性对照组(转染随机序列)和空白对照组(未转染),采用qRT-PCR检测RNU12的表达,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,Annexin V-FITC和PI双染法检测细胞凋亡,Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭和迁移能力.结果:EC9706细胞中RNU12的表达水平高于HEEC细胞(P<0.05).与空白对照组和阴性对照组比较,RNU12 siR-NA组细胞中RNU12的表达水平降低,细胞增殖能力受抑,凋亡率升高,侵袭和迁移细胞数减少(P<0.05).结论:RNU12在EC9706细胞中高表达,干扰RNU12的表达能够抑制EC9706细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,阻碍细胞侵袭和迁移.

目的 观察胸腔镜下改良膈肌折叠术治疗膈肌膨升症的近期效果及体会.方法 对2017年1月-2017年12月收住该院胸外科行胸腔镜下改良膈肌折叠术治疗膈肌膨升症的患者进行影像学观察.结果 术前术后患者影像学观察比较显示:通过胸腔镜改良膈肌折叠术治疗膈肌膨升症状明显改善,恢复快.结论 膈肌膨升症容易误诊,可采用影像学手段进行确诊.胸腔镜下改良膈肌折叠术治疗膈肌膨升症可获得满意的治疗效果.