The 70-gene signature (70-GS; MammaPrint) assay is useful for prognosis assessment in HR+/HER2- early breast cancer, but limited accessibility motivates development of noninvasive alternatives. We retrospectively enrolled 219 women with preoperative grayscale ultrasound and 70-GS results, including a development cohort (n = 125), an internal validation cohort (n = 53), and a temporally independent validation cohort (n = 41). Radiomic features were extracted from manually delineated ROIs using PyRadiomics, and a radiomics score was derived after LASSO selection. Candidate radiomics-only, clinicopathologic-only, and full clinicoradiomic models were explored. To reduce overfitting, we selected a parsimonious model combining the radiomics score and Ki67 as the primary model. The simplified model achieved AUCs of 0.878, 0.816, and 0.831 in the development, internal validation, and temporally independent validation cohorts, respectively. In 1000 bootstrap resamples, the optimism-corrected AUC was 0.872 and the corrected calibration slope was 0.953. Adding the radiomics score to a Ki67-only model significantly improved model fit (likelihood-ratio chi-square = 17.14, df = 1, p < 0.001). An ultrasound radiomics and Ki67 model may provide a noninvasive reference for estimating MammaPrint risk categorization, but it should be considered only as a supportive adjunct and not as a replacement for genomic testing.

This study aimed to develop a new ultrasonographic dating formula to estimate gestational age (GA) based on fetal crown–rump length (CRL) in a Chinese population, evaluate model accuracy and compare its performance with established dating formulas. A prospective, multicenter study was conducted across mainland China. Participants included healthy, low-risk women with spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancies and a regular menstrual cycle in the preceding year. Ultrasonography was performed between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation, with GA determined based on the last menstrual period. Participants were randomly assigned to a development or validation cohort in a 7:3 ratio. A best-fit regression model was constructed for GA estimation based on CRL in the development cohort. For validation, mean differences between the new estimated GA and menstrual age were calculated and compared with those obtained using five established CRL-based dating formulas in the validation cohort. All participants were followed through to delivery. The study recruited 4,710 women with singleton pregnancies, with 3,297 in the development cohort and 1,413 women in the validation cohort. The mean and standard deviation values of CRL changed linearly with GA during 11–14 weeks. CRL demonstrated a linear relationship with GA between 11 and 14 weeks, yielding the regression equation GA = 59.590085 + 0.458539×CRL (R2 = 0.8042). The mean difference between estimated GA and menstrual age was 0.32 days (95

Background:Ultrasonography of the uterine artery (UtA) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy can assess uterine-placental blood perfusion and guide early clinical prevention. Establishing normal ranges of the UtA pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy is helpful for the early identification of high-risk pregnant women and improving the prognosis. This study aimed to establish a reference range of UtA-PI based on crown-rump length (CRL) for spontaneous and in vitro fertilization (IVF) singleton pregnancy during 11-14 weeks, respectively.Methods:A prospective study was performed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Healthy, low-risk women with a singleton pregnancy at 11-14 gestational weeks were consecutively recruited for this study from December 2017 to December 2020. All participants underwent routine prenatal ultrasound examination. The CRL of the fetus and the UtA-PI were measured in both uterine arteries, and average values were calculated. The LMS method was used to fit the percentile (P)5, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and P95 curves of the UtA-PI value of spontaneous and IVF singleton pregnancy with CRL changes, respectively.Results:A total of 1,962 pregnant women with normal fetuses were included in this study, including 1,792 pregnancies conceived naturally and 170 IVF fetuses. The UtA-PI reference range in the spontaneous pregnancy group was consistently higher than that in the IVF group during 11-14 weeks, and showed a statistically significant difference in UtA-PI for spontaneous and IVF pregnancies (P<0.001). According to the LMS method, each percentile curve of UtA-PI decreased with the increase of CRL in both the natural pregnancy group and the IVF group. The P95 range of UtA-PI for pregnant women with naturally conceived and IVF pregnancy was 2.74 to 2.11 and 2.50 to 1.94, respectively. The overall change of UtA-PI differentials of the two groups showed a downward trend and decreased slightly with the increase of CRL.Conclusions:This study provided a single-center, large sample of data and constructed a CRL-based reference value of UtA-PI for spontaneous and IVF singleton pregnancy, which provides a reliable basis for early UtA evaluation and early clinical decision-making during 11-14 gestational weeks.

Background: To develop an ultrasonographic dating formula for predicting gestational age (GA) based on fetal crown–rump length (CRL) in a Chinese population, evaluate its systematic prediction error and compare it with existing formulae. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancies among women with a regular menstrual cycle in the preceding year. Ultrasound examinations were performed at 11–14 weeks according to the date of the last menstrual cycle. The CRL was measured three times for each fetus, and the mean was used to derive the best-fit fractional polynomial regression model for estimation of GA in relation to CRL. For each fetus, the GA was compared with the GA calculated using six established dating formulae based on CRL measurements. The means of the differences between estimated and menstrual age were calculated for each formula. All the women were followed up routinely until the birth of the fetus. Results: Of the 4710 subjects recruited, the mean and standard deviation values of CRL changed linearly with GA. The corresponding regression equation and its correlation coefficient (R 2 ) was GA = 59.361513 + 0.461425 ´ CRL (R 2 = 0.8028). The mean difference between estimated and menstrual age was 0.22 days (95% confidence interval 0.05–0.21), lower than that of the six existing CRL dating formulae. Conclusions: We have derived a CRL-based dating formula suitable for naturally conceived pregnancies for GA between 11+0 and 13+6 weeks. The formula has no systematic prediction error, comparing favorably with the existing published dating formulae.

Objective To determine the fetal facial angles at 11 －38 weeks of gestation by three‐dimensional ultrasound ( 3DUS) and analyze the correlation between facial angles and gestational age( GA ) . Methods From 2013 April to 2014 February ,439 singleton fetuses ranged 11－38 weeks of gestation were enrolled in this study . T he details of mid‐sagittal plane of facial profile was confirmed with 3DUS . Four facial angels were measured in this plane ,including frontomaxillary facial angle ( FM F ) ,frontonasal angle ( FNA ) ,mandibulomaxillary facial angle( M M F) and maxilla‐nasion‐mandible angle( M NM ) . T he intra‐and interobserver reliability were calculated in first 30 cases ,intra‐class correlation coefficient( ICC) greater than 0 .75 indicated good reliability . Pearson′s correlation coefficient ( r ) ,curve estimation and polynomial regression models were used to evaluate the correlation of the fetal facial angles with GA . Results ICC of the same observer were 0 .968 ,0 .962 ,0 .974 and 0 .988 ,respectively . ICC of different observer were 0 .948 , 0 .905 ,0 .874 and 0 .889 ,respectively . T he fetal facial angles of FM F ,FNA ,M M F and M NM showed correlations with GA ( r ＝ －0 .369 ,0 .447 ,－0 .470 ,0 .386 ; all P ＝0 .000) . Using GA as the independent variable and the facial angles as the dependent variables , the best fit regressing equation was cubic polynomial :FM F＝135 .300－6 .473×GA+0 .235×GA2 －0 .003×GA3 ( R2 ＝0 .240 , P ＝0 .000 ) ;FNA＝58 .920+7 .452×GA －0 .274×GA2 －0 .003×GA3 ( R2 ＝0 .297 , P ＝0 .000 ) ;M M F＝132 .329 －5 .337× GA+0 .191× GA2 －0 .002× GA3 ( R2 ＝ 0 .304 , P ＝ 0 .000) ;M NM ＝ －24 .592+ 4 .653× GA －0 .173× GA2 + 0 .002 × GA3 ( R2 ＝ 0 .413 , P ＝ 0 .000 ) . Conclusions The development of fetal facial angles are related to GA . T he growing patterns of fetal facial angles fit with a cubic polynomial function .

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to construct new reference charts and equations for fetal biometry from Chinese fetuses at 15-40 weeks and to compare them with previous references.METHOD:This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of singleton pregnancies in patients with a confirmed gestational age who underwent ultrasound examinations between the 15th and 40th weeks of gestation. Each woman was selected only once for this study. Biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) were recorded. For each measurement, separate regression models were fitted to estimate the mean and standard deviation at each menstrual age. Z-scores were calculated with our reference equations for comparison with other references.RESULTS:New charts and reference equations involving 7553 Chinese women were created for BPD, HC, AC, and FL. Reference equations were cubic models. Prediction intervals for the new reference charts were similar to those of previous references, but with some slight differences. The main difference in our fetal biometric measurements compared with those of Korea and Hong Kong was the FL.CONCLUSIONS:We report new Chinese reference charts and equations for fetal biometry. These reference charts and equations are available for clinical use in obstetric ultrasound studies for the Chinese population.

Objective To explore the value of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosis of congenital dacryocystocele. Methods The ultrasonographic features of 16 fetuses with congenital dacryocystocele were retrospectively reviewed and the outcome of pregnancy were followed up. Results The median gestational week detected with prenatal ultrasound was 30.29 weeks, the mean diameter was (8.96±1.96)mm. Congenital dacryocystoceles were unilateral in 12 fetuses and bilateral in 4 fetuses, 10 were female and 6 were male. The typical ultrasonic feature was anechoic cystic mass with clear boundary in relation to the medial and inferior aspects of the fetal orbit. The dacryocystocele resolved spontaneously prenatally in 5 fetuses, resolved spontaneously after delivery in 10 fetuses. One fetus died in caesarean section due to complete placenta previa. Conclusions Congenital dacryocystitis has its characteristic ultrasonographic features, and most cases can disappear naturally in prenatal or early newborns. Key words: Ultrasonography, prenatal; Congenital dacryocystocele; Fetus

肠易激综合征(IBS)是一种常见的功能性胃肠病,其病因及发病机制尚未完全明确.临床研究表明益生菌能有效治疗IBS,其中应用较多的是乳杆菌属.本文将从改善内脏高敏感性、肠道动力、调节肠道微生态平衡、改善肠道通透性、抑制炎症反应、改善精神心理异常及抑菌作用等方面对乳杆菌属治疗IBS的疗效机制作一概述.

Objective To evaluate the fetal profile (FP) line with two-dimensional and three dimensional ultrasound, to explore the changes of fetal facial profile with gestational age,and to analyze the manifestation of FP line for abnormal chromosomal fetuses. Methods FP line, which was defined as the line that passes through the anterior border of mandible and the nasion, was test on the facial mid-sagittal plane. Firstly, from April 2013 to January 2014, FP line was analyzed in 439 normal fetuses of Peking Union Medical College Hospital at 11-38 weeks of gestation. According to the relationship between FP line and fetal frontal bone,it was divided into three types: the FP line passed anteriorly, across or posteriorly to the frontal bone, respectively. When the FP line passed posteriorly to the frontal bone, the distance (F distance) between the FP line with the frontal bone was measured. Secondly, 26 pathological fetuses (21 trisomy 21 fetuses with 13-33 weeks' gestation and 5 trisomy 18 fetuses with 21-31 weeks' gestation) were analyzed respectively. Results No cases with a FP line passed anteriorly to the frontal bone were found in all of normal fetuses. Most commonly seen was that FP line passed across to the frontal bone (92.26%). The FP line passed posteriorly to the frontal bone in up to 7.74%, and the mean F distance was 0.24 cm (range, 0.10-0.51 cm). In 21 fetuses of trisomy 21, 14 cases showed the FP line passed across to frontal bone, and 4 cases showed the FP line passed posteriorly frontal bone with the F distance from 0.23 cm to 0.55 cm. Three cases with sloping forehead with FP line passed anteriroly to frontal bone. As to 5 cases of trisomy 18, 2 cases showed FP line passed across to frontal bone, and 3 cases with micrognathia had FP line passed anteriroly to frontal bone. Conclusions No cases with a FP line passed anteriorly to the frontal bone were found in normal fetuses. The FP line, as a reference line for forehead and mandible abnormality, may be a useful tool to detect second trimester profile abnormalities such as sloping forehead and retrognathia.

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the placenta volume (PV) at 11-13+6 weeks of gestation by three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) in combination with birth weight, placenta weight, placenta volume at birth and maternal age, body mass index (BMI) additionally. Methods From June 2011 to July 2012, placental volumes were prospectively measured by VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided Analysis) method in 129 normal pregnancies of Peking Union Medical College Hospital at 11-13+6 weeks of Gestation, multiples of the median was calculated (MOM) after logarithmic10 transformation referring to different crown-rump length (CRL) groups. The normal pregnancies were selected without any combinations or fetal abnormalities, then recorded the birth weights, placenta diameters and thicknesses and placenta weight at delivery. The maternal basic status was also concluded in the study. Results Correlation analysis results: (1) The transformed placenta volume MOM showed a significant correlation (Spearman rho=0.200, P<0.05) with birthweight but not with placenta weight or placenta volume calculated as ellipsoid (Spearman rho=0.164, 0.112 respectively, P>0.05). (2) The birthweight showed significant correlations with placenta weight, placecnta volume and maternal BMI (Spearman rho=0.478, 0.361, 0.259 respectively, P<0.01). (3) The placenta weight at birth showed a significant correlation with placenta volume at birth (Spearman rho=0.467, P<0.01) and maternal BMI (Spearman rho=0.198, P<0.05). Regression analysis results: (1) Birth weight (g)=1136.9+1530.9×MOM+45.3×BMI-15.0×maternal age (r=0.29, P=0.01<0.05). (2) Placenta weight (g)=88.1+315.3×MOM+10.0×BMI+0.1×maternal age (r=0.27, P=0.02 <0.05). Conclusions The placental volume at 11-13+6 weeks of gestation has significant correlation with birthweight. This might assist in the identification of the high risk pregnancies caring large or low for gestational age fetuses.

There is little evidence of an association between peripheral enhancement on contrast-enhanced ultrasound and histopathologic prognostic factors in breast cancer. The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship of peripheral enhancement on contrast-enhanced ultrasound with microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and other prognostic factors in patients with breast cancer. In 51 patients with BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) category 5 lesions scheduled for surgery, contrast-enhanced ultrasound with an 8-4 linear transducer and B-mode pulse inversion harmonic imaging was performed after administration of SonoVue. Forty-three histologically confirmed breast cancers were included in the study and divided into the peripheral enhancement group and non-peripheral enhancement group on the basis of their features on contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The ratio of peripheral to central microvessel density, VEGF expression, tumor size, histopathologic type, stage, lymph node metastasis and expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, c-erb-B2 and p53 were compared between the two groups. The ratio of peripheral to central microvessel density and a peripherally positive/centrally negative VEGF expression pattern were significantly higher in the peripheral enhancement group than in the non-peripheral enhancement group (t-test, p = 0.023, and χ(2) test, p = 0.035, respectively). There were no significant differences in breast cancer size, histopathologic type, stage, lymph node metastasis or expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, c-erb-B2 and p53 between the two groups (χ(2) test, p = 0.416, 0.877, 0.543, 0.124, 0.453, 0.554, 0.350 and 0.479 respectively). The peripheral enhancement pattern of breast cancer on contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be valuable in the evaluation of peripheral/central tumor angiogenesis and VEGF expression.

The purpose of this series was to identify cases that appeared on sonography to be split‐hand/foot malformations (SHFMs) in fetuses and correlate the sonographic findings, including 2‐dimensional (2D) and 3‐dimensional (3D) sonography, to outcomes. A retrospective review was conducted of sonographic studies from 2002 to 2012 at 2 fetal care centers. Data were collected with respect to the morphologic characteristics of split‐hand/foot abnormalities, the utility of 3D sonography, associated anatomic abnormalities, family histories, gestational ages at diagnosis, fetal outcomes, karyotype, and autopsy results. Ten cases were identified with gestational ages ranging from 15 to 29 weeks. Three‐dimensional sonography was helpful in defining anatomy in 7 of 9 cases in which it was performed. Bilateral SHFMs were found in 7 cases (3 cases involving both hands and feet, 2 cases isolated to hands, and 2 cases isolated to feet), whereas 3 cases showed unilateral split‐hand malformations. Associated anatomic anomalies were present in 6 cases, and 4 of these had recognized syndromes, including 2 with abnormal karyotypes, specifically, del(22q11) and del(7q31). Two cases occurred in the context of a positive family history of SHFM. Three cases were delivered at term, and 7 cases were electively terminated. In conclusion, SHFMs often occur with a broad range of chromosomal abnormalities, single‐gene disorders, and other congenital anomalies. Some apparent SHFMs turn out to be other limb anomalies, such as complex syndactyly. Prenatal screening using 2D sonography can identify SHFMs, and 3D sonography often further clarifies them.

目的 探讨超声对胎儿完全性大动脉转位的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析2010年3月至2013年7月北京协和医院4例胎儿完全性大动脉转位的产前超声表现,并与病理结果进行比较.结果 4例完全性大动脉转位胎儿中,3例四腔心切面正常,1例可见室间隔缺损.左室及右室流出道切面4例胎儿可见心室与大动脉连接关系异常,2例可见室间隔膜部缺损.三血管气管切面4例均仅可见2条血管.结论 完全性大动脉转位具有特征性超声表现,重点观察心室流出道切面及三血管气管切面有助于产前正确诊断.

目的 研究中孕筛查期正常胎儿大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)、脐动脉(umbilical artery,UmA)及孕妇子宫动脉(uterine artery,UtA)血流动力学参数的关系,并探讨各项参数与胎儿生长发育的相关性.方法 2011年6月至2012年7月于本院超声医学科就诊的常规中孕筛查期(20 ～ 24+6周)孕妇206名,测量胎儿常规物理测量指标如双顶径、头围、腹围及股骨长;测量MCA、UmA及UtA的血流动力学参数,包括峰值流速(peak flow velocity,PSV)、阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI),计算大脑胎盘搏动指数比值(CPR=MCA-PI/UmA-PI)和阻力指数比值(CRR=MCA-RI/UmA-RI).结果 孕20～24+6周胎儿MCA-PSV范围为13.63～37.96 cm/s,随孕周增加而呈递增趋势;而MCA-RI、MCA-PI、UmA-RI、UmA-PI、UtA-RI、UtA-PI及CPR、CRR随孕周变化不明显.MCA-RI与UmA-RI(r=0.51,P＜0.01)、MCA-PI与UmA-PI呈显著相关性(r=0.65,P＜0.01),而UtA-RI、UtA-PI与MCA和UmA的相应指数均无明显相关性.MCA-PSV (cm/s)和孕周(GA,周)呈线性相关关系:MCA-PSV=-0.17+1.02×GA(r=0.67,P＜0.01).MCA-PSV与双顶径、头围具有相关性(r=0.29,P＜0.01;r=0.32,P＜0.01).结论 中孕筛查期胎儿MCA的RI和PI与UmA相应指数密切相关,而与UtA血流动力学参数的相关性不大;MCA-PSV与孕周关系密切,并受脑部发育的影响.

Objective To evaluate the ultrasonic characteristics of nasal bone absence at 16-34 weeks of pregnancy referring to fetal chromosomal anomalies. Methods The ultrasonic findings of the 20 fetuses with nasal bone absence at second or third trimester in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed referring to chromosomal karyotyping and labor induction or birth outcomes. Results The ultrasound features of the 20 fetuses including:(1) There were 17 fetuses showed bilateral nasal bones absence. The sonographic features were absence of hyper echo of nasal bone underneath the skin on either sagittal or transverse section. There were 5 fetuses showed multiple abnormalities:Four fetuses showed cardiac abnormalities (three showed atrioventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect with abnormal great vessels). One fetus showed duodenal obstruction′double bulbs′. The other minor abnormalities including short femur and humerus, increasing echogenetic bowels, aberrant right subclavian artery, mild unilateral ventriculomegaly, mild renal pelvic ectasia, outreached tongue, abnormal gestures of hands. (2) There were 3 fetuses showed unilateral nasal bone absence. The sonographic features were absence of hyper echo of either nasal bone on transverse section but with hyper echo on sagittal section. Two fetuses showed cardiac&nbsp;abnormalities (one fetus showed atrioventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect). The other minor abnormalities including short femur and humerus, hyper echogenetic bowels, increasing thickness of nuchal translucency or nuchal fold. Twelve fetuses were induced labor but only one had biopsy showed accordant result with ultrasound. (3) Karyotyping results:there were 9 of trisomy 21, 1 of 4p-and 7 of normal karyotype fetuses showed bilateral nasal bone absence. There were 2 of trisomy 21 and 1 of normal karyotype fetuses showed unilateral nasal bone absence. (4) Birth outcomes and follow-up:twelve fetuses induced labor but only one fetus had biopsy. Eight fetuses were born until term and 5 fetuses showed normal in follow-up. The results of twelve fetuses showed concordant with ultrasonic ifndings. Conclusions Characteristics of the nasal bone absence are absence of bilateral or unilateral nasal bones. If we ifnd nasal bone absence in prenatally ultrasound screening, the karyotyping should be recommended in order to detect chromosomal abnormalities especially trisomy 21.

Objective To establish normative data for placenta volume (PV) at 11-13+6 weeks of gestation age using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS).Methods From June 2011 to July 2012,placental volume was prospectively measured by vitual organ computer-aided analysis(VOCAL) method in 169normal pregnancies and correlated with gestational age and crown-rump length (CRL).The maximum placental diameter(MPD) and the maximum placenta thickness(MPT) were calculated in the same maximal plane.Then,regression analysis was used to deduce the formula for the expected placenta volume.Results 1) The placenta volume ranged from 33.2 cm3 at 11 weeks to 171.3cm3 at 14 weeks with a mean of (84.9 ± 26.5 cm3),the gestational age ranged from 79 days and 100 days with a mean of (87.6 ± 3.9)day,the CRL ranged from 4.6 cm to 8.3 cm with a mean of (6.2 ± 0.8) cm.2) Linear regression yielded the following formula for the placental volumes (PV) according to gestational age(GA):PV =-190.6 + 21.8 ×GA (r =0.511,P ＜0.001) and according to CRL:PV =-17.5 + 16.5 × CRL (r =0.513,P ＜0.001).3) The placenta volume could be estimated by the formula according to MPD and MPT:PV=-30.7 + 12.6 ×MPD + 11.7 × MPT (r =0.622,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Placental volume of the first trimester has positive relationship with gestational age and crown-rump length during the first trimester.Placenta volume can be estimated simply by maximal placenta length and thickness through two dimensional ultrasound.

Objective To investigate the distribution of fetal discrepancy in twins during the first trimester,and its influencing factor.Methods This was a prospective analysis of twin pregnancies that underwent 11 +0-13 +6 week scan at a tertiary hospital from Sep 2008 to May 2012.Differences in crownrump length (CRL),nuchal translucency (NT) were calculated for each twin pair and their distribution was analyzed according to chorionicity,gestational age,mode of conception,and the gender.Results A total of 86 twin pregnancies were included,20(23.3％) were monochorionic and 66 (76.7％) were dichorionic twins.The average discrepancy in CRLs and NTs was (3.03 ± 2.70) mm and (0.27 ± 0.20) mm respectively.There was no significant different in the CRL and NT discrepancy between monochorionic and dichorionic twin pairs.The overall CRL and NT discrepancy were not change significantly with gestational age,mode of reception or gender.Conclusions Discrepancy of CRL,NT from 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation are not significantly correlated with chorionicity,gestational age,mode of conception and fetal gender.

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution of fetal discrepancy during the first trimester in dichorionic twins.Methods This was a prospective analysis of dichorionic twin pregnancies that underwent 11+0～ 13+6 week scan at a tertiary hospital from Sep 2008 to Oct 2010.Differences in crown-rump length (CRL),nuchal translucency ( NT),heart rate ( HR).deepest vertical pockets of amniotic fluid (DVP) for every pair of twin fetuses were calculated and expressed as absolute value and percentage of discordance.Results A total of 66 dichorionic twin pregnancies were included.The average CRL was significantly different between the larger fetus and the smaller one,which were (65.28 ±8.54)mm and (62.34 ± 8.49) mm respectively ( P ＜ 0.001).The average NT was significantly different between two fetuses,which were ( 1.56 ± 0.35) mm and (1.28 ± 0.30) mm respectively. HR and DVP were also statistically different between two fetuses ( P ＜0.001).Conclusions The growth of two fetuses in normal dichorionic twins is not uniform during the first trimester.

例1患者女,33岁,发现左乳肿物增大伴有红肿热痛2个月余,曾行切开引流效果不佳.患者否认宠物接触史.查体:左乳内上象限及乳晕深部可扪及8.0 cm×5.0 cm肿物,质硬,边界不清,活动度差,压痛(+),左腋窝可扪及数个质硬淋巴结,直径约1.5 cm.超声检查示:左乳乳头内侧腺体回声紊乱不均,可见片状低回声区,范围约2.2 cm×2.0 cm,形态不规则,边界不清,内部未见明显液性无回声区,左腋下可见数个淋巴结,较大者1.7 cm×1.0 cm,皮髓质分界清,皮质增厚.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in twin pregnancy with fetal abnormalities. Methods: The ultrasonic features and clinical data of 14 twin pregnancies with fetal abnormalities found by prenatal ultrasound were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among 14 twin pregnancies, there were 5 twins with structurally anomalous in 1 fetus, 1 with structurally anomalous in both fetuses, 1 with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, 2 with selective intrauterine growth restriction, 1 with co-twin neurological abnormality following the death of 1 twin, 2 with conjoined twins, 2 with twin reverse arterial perfusion sequence. Conclusion: Ultrasound can diagnose structural complications and abnormalities of twin pregnancy, and plays an important role in clinical treatment. Copyright © 2012 by the Press of Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology.