Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by the temporary alleviation of motor symptoms following electrode implantation (or nucleus destruction), known as the microlesion effect (MLE). Electrophysiological studies have explored different PD stages, but understanding electrophysiological characteristics during the MLE period remains unclear. The objective was to examine the characteristics of local field potential (LFP) signals in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) during the hyperacute period following implantation (within 2 days) and 1 month post-implantation. 15 patients diagnosed with PD were enrolled in this observational study, with seven simultaneous recordings of bilateral STN-LFP signals using wireless sensing technology from an implantable pulse generator. Recordings were made in both on and off medication states over 1 month after implantation. We used a method to parameterize the neuronal power spectrum to separate periodic oscillatory and aperiodic components effectively. Our results showed that beta power exhibited a significant increase in the off medication state 1 month after implantation, compared to the postoperative hyperacute period. Notably, this elevation was effectively attenuated by levodopa administration. Furthermore, both the exponents and offsets displayed a decrease at 1 month postoperatively when compared to the hyperacute postoperative period. Remarkably, levodopa medication exerted a modulatory effect on these aperiodic parameters, restoring them back to levels observed during the hyperacute period. Our findings suggest that both periodic and aperiodic components partially capture distinct electrophysiological characteristics during the MLE. It is crucial to adequately evaluate such discrepancies when exploring the mechanisms of MLE and optimizing adaptive stimulus protocols.

Objective:To evaluate the response inhibitory function of boxers with repetitive subconcussions using event-related potentials (ERPs) in the Go/Nogo paradigm.Methods:Totally, 29 boxers from Wuhan Physical Education Institute were enrolled in subconcussion group, and 28 college students from Wuhan Qingchuan University served as healthy control group. A 64-channel electrode elastic cap was used to record continuous scalp EEG data while completing the visual Go/Nogo experimental paradigm. E-Prime 2.0 software was used to record behavioral data. ERP components were extracted from EEG data, and the amplitude and latency of P3 component in ERP of the two groups were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA. Two independent sample T tests were performed for Nogo-N2 component and behavioral data.Results:In ERP results, the mean amplitude of P3 in subconcussion group was lower than that in healthy control group under Go stimulation [(6.327±0.497) μV vs. (8.007±0.505) μV, F=5.622, P<0.05], the mean amplitude of P3 in subconcussion group was lower than that in healthy control group under Nogo stimulation [(6.741±0.559) μV vs. (9.962±0.569) μV, F=16.297, P<0.01], the latency of N2 in the subconcussion group was longer than that in the healthy control group under Nogo stimulation [(275.714±50.943) ms vs. (252.571±33.201) ms, t=-2.014, P<0.05]. In behavioral performance, the accuracy rate of subconcussion group was lower than that of healthy control group under Go stimulation [(97.3±1.9)% vs. (98.3±1.1)%, t=-2.476, P<0.05], and the accuracy rate of subconcussion group was lower than that of healthy control group under Nogo stimulation [(90.0± 6.6)% vs. (92.8± 3.3)%, t=-2.036, P<0.05]. Conclusion:These results preliminarily reveal that boxers with repetitive subconcussion may have cognitive impairments related to conflict detection and response inhibitory.

Most studies on electrophysiology have not separated aperiodic activity from the spectra but have rather evaluated a combined periodic oscillatory component and the aperiodic component. As the understanding of aperiodic activity gradually deepens, its potential physiological significance has acquired increased appreciation. Herein, we investigated the two components in scalp electroencephalogram in 16 healthy controls and 15 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD); the results revealed that aperiodic parameters were approximately symmetrically distributed in topography in patients with PD and were significantly modulated by dopaminergic medication in channels C4, C3, CP5 and FC5. In sum, our findings might provide indicators for evaluating treatment response in PD and highlight the importance of re-evaluating the neuronal power spectra parameterization.

Introduction: Abnormal alpha oscillations in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis and subgenual cingulate of patients with depression correlate with symptom severity. Some Parkinson's disease (PD) patients also have abnormal 0-alpha oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, the relationship between abnormal 0-alpha oscillations and depressive symptoms in PD patients has not been determined. This study explored the correlation between alpha and 0 oscillations of the STN and depressive symptoms in PD patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study on 36 PD patients with (dPD group) or without depressive symptoms (nPD group), analyzing the difference in the average power spectral density (PSD) of alpha and 0 oscillations of the local field potential (LFP) recorded in the STN during deep brain stimulation (DBS), and their correlation with the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) of PD patients during the same period. Results: The dPD group had a higher PSD of alpha oscillations and a lower PSD of 0 oscillations in the left ventral STN. The PSD of alpha oscillations of the left ventral STN were positively correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms, whereas the PSD of 0 oscillations of this location was negatively correlated with severity of depressive symptoms. The PSD of alpha and 0 oscillations did not correlate with motor symptoms, sleep quality, or quality of life score. Conclusion: Abnormal alpha and 0 oscillations of the left ventral STN could be used as biomarkers of PD with depressive symptoms, which might guide STN-DBS treatment.