在简要介绍中牟县基层农技推广体系改革创新的核心内容基础上,详实分析了其改革创新工作思路、配套政策以及创新成果,分析了其改革创新存地的问题及困难,并提出了下一步工作计划,为农技人员服务农业龙头企业或新型经营主体搭建了新的平台,为全国基层农技推广体系改革创新提供经验.

In order to explore garlic industry development path with its own characteristics in Zhongmu,we compared the industrialization process,characteristics,policy,scale,brand,foreign exchange earning and organic garlic planting of Zhongmu in Henan with that of Qixian in Henan and Jinxiang in Shandong.With reference to the successful experience of Qixian and Jinxiang,we summarized the development path of garlic industry in Zhongmu.Finally,we put forward some suggestions to speed up the industrialization process of Zhongmu garlic industry,such as creating suitable environment for development,strengthening the supply side reform,planning and developing garlic base and leading enterprises,improving the market system,building online and offline platform,increasing investment and allocating special funds.

The production techniques of xerophytic peanut in Zhongmou County were elaborated,including mechanization seeding,promoting superior varieties,improving soil moisture conditions,timely sowing,balance formula fertilization,integrated controlling diseases and insect pests and so on.It was pointed out that promoting production techniques could greatly improve the yield of xerophytic peanut in Zhongmou County.

A field experiment was performed to study effect of various chelators(wood vinegar and EDTA) on remediation of heavy metal-polluted soil with transgenic Indian mustard.Transfer efficiency of Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb in 3 lines of Indian mustard was enhanced due to application of EDTA.However,transfer efficiency of heavy metals was not increased when wood vinegar was applied to 3 lines of Indian mustard.Application of EDTA and wood vinegar significantly increased remediation efficiency of soil with Cu,Cd and Zn by 3 lines of Indian mustard.

The effects of long-term fertilization on the micro-elements and their forms were reviewed.The absorption and distribution laws of micro-elements by crops were summarized,so as to provide reference for the reasonable fertilization of agriculture.

秋延后辣椒夏季育苗,秋季开花座果,秋冬季采收,利用塑料棚覆盖保温,使辣椒延迟到11～12月份,亩产6000kg,价格高,效益好.在我县已发展到2万余亩,深受群众欢迎,据笔者对该技术的多年研究,该技术很值得推广应用.

大蒜是我县的重要经济作物之一,是出口创汇的主要支柱产业,全县年种植大蒜30万亩,年产大蒜40万吨,为我县农民带来了丰厚的回报,为我县经济的发展带来了深远的影响。

总结了中牟县推广的旱作节水技术模式及在农业上的应用取得的成效,对提高当地旱作区域农业高产高效具有很强的实用推广价值,同时对长期受干旱影响的其他地区也有一定的借鉴作用。

Plant essential and toxic microelement status in soil and crops can be affected by long-term fertilization practices. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the change of micronutrients and Cd in soil and brown rice after 17-yr cropping and fertilization treatments in Southeast China. The long-teen fertilization experiment included treatments with different combinations of N, P, K and pig manure with or without straw incorporated. Soil pH, organic matter, available N, P, K and the contents of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cd in soil and brown rice were determined. Balanced chemical fertilizers (N, P, K) with the application of manure and incorporation of straw resulted in high available soil N, P, K, which produced highest yield of rice grain among the treatments. Manure application increased total Cu, Zn and Cd by 13-23, 5-8 and 138-162% and soil available Cu, Zn and Cd by 89-123, 61-71% and 212-225%, respectively, compared with their initial status. However, no such difference was observed for total soil Fe and Mn contents after 33 rice seasons. The Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cd contents in brown rice were significantly affected by different long-term fertilization practices. The Cd contents in brown rice in three manure-applied treatments were 3 times (0.26-0.28 mg kg(-1)) as high as that (0.08 mg kg(-1)) in the control treatment, suggesting long-term application of pig manure from intensive livestock farms could result in Cd contents exceeding the upper limit of the criteria (>0.2 mg kg(-1), National Standard for Food Hygiene). Attention should be paid to potential soil Cd contamination caused by long-term application of pig manure containing heavy metals.

厚皮甜瓜因其耐贮运、含糖量高、果肉绿色、口感好、抗病性强、瓜型美观、效益好等优点,深受广大瓜农和消费者的欢迎,亩产可达2500～3000kg,产值可达6000元,现将该技术介绍如下: