随着社会经济的发展,越来越多的外地人口进入广州市,外来人口传染病发病情况已引起人们的关注,广州市从1997年起将外来人口的传染病病例列入本市疫情报表.为此,广州市芳村区采取一系列措施与对策,加强对流动人口传染病的监控和疫情报告,加强流动儿童的计划免疫工作.现将1997～2003年有关情况报道如下.

目的通过对广州市芳村区传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)流行情况分析,初步探讨其流行规律与特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据.方法用描述性流行病学分析方法对芳村区发生的SARS病例进行分析.结果 2003年1月至5月,芳村区共发生SARS病例86例,死亡4例;病例以20～49岁为主,占63.95%;病例无明显的职业特点和地区差异;医院内感染并呈聚集性发病的病例共48例,占55.81%;有明确接触史的病例共51例,占59.30%.结论芳村区的SARS疫情呈明显的聚集性和医院内感染,初步推断本次疫情与病区空气污染和近距离接触有关.

Objective:analyse on epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with syndrome(HFRS) in Fangcun and clrcs in rats,to provide the preventability and control. Method: taking the epidemic statistical information in 1984～2003 and monitoring clrcs in rats in 2001.Result:a total of 19patients in Fangcun district in 1984～2003,15 patients were Guangzhou residents,4 patients were from other places in Guangdong or other provinces in China.1 patient died,the died rate was5.9%;The disease distributed in6 streets,and it happened most in March-April;in occupation,the most were workers (7patients),in age,mainly were youth and adults. The density of rats in Fangcun district was 19.4%in 2001,Rattus norveglcus 85.3%(virus rate 11.6%),Rattusflavipectus 8.3%,(ViruS rate 8.0%);Suncus mrinnus 6.4%(vlrus rate 5.3%).Conclusion:the disease cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were emanated It was low rate.But this rate seemed to rise these years.That concerns the high density of rats in our living surrounding,specially the brown house mouse.

Objection To study the effects of total serum levels of IgE in workers exposed to low-concentration asbestos dust. Methods 357 workers exposed to asbestos dust were selected as exposure group. Meanwhile, 280 personnels of the administration and logistics unexposed to asbestos dust were selected as control group. Asbestos dust in workshop were sampled by FC-Ⅱ dust instrument and their concentrations were determined by filter film increase weight means . Total serum levels of IgE were determined by ELISA. Results Asbestos dust concentrations in workshop were 0.9 - 1.7 mg/m3[(1.3± 0.4) mg/m3], under MAC. Total serum levels of IgE in the exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.01). Total serum levels of IgE increased with length of employment (P0.05), and men were higher than women (P0.01). Total serum levels of IgE in smokers were significantly higher than those in nonsmokers (P0.05), and increased with amount of smoking (P0.05). Total serum levels of IgE were foreign to age (P05). Conclusion Asbestos dust could cause increase in total serum levels of IgE ,and were cooperated with smoking.

目的对一起公共场所传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)暴发的流行状况和因素进行调查分析,为制定预防控制措施提供依据.方法用统一的个案调查表对一起公共场所聚餐所致的SARS暴发病例及相关的所有病例进行调查,采集部分病例咽漱液、血清分别用荧光定量PCR测定SARS抗原和用ELISA测定SARS IgG、IgM.结果 2003年2月21～28日广州市芳村区某酒楼9名就餐者聚餐后全部陆续发病,其中1人死亡,所有病例临床表现符合卫生部SARS临床诊断标准.用荧光定量PCR测定3例患者咽漱液,2例SARS冠状病毒阳性;用ELISA法测定5例患者血清,3例SARS冠状病毒特异性IgG抗体阳性,1例(指示病例)IgM抗体阳性.本起暴发发生于通风不良小型餐厅包房内,聚餐者停留玩纸牌和进餐,时间长达3 h.首例患者于聚餐后次日(21日)发病,聚餐前多次到过SARS收治医院的呼吸病区看护患肿瘤的父亲(父亲和曾去医院看护的另2名亲属也分别在指示病例发病同日及10 d内发病),其余8名聚餐者病前除这次聚餐外无其他明确的接触史或暴露史.病例发病潜伏期为2～8 d,平均5 d.结论证实本次暴发是因长时间在通风不良的公共场所聚会所导致的SARS暴发,主要传播途径可能为近距离的飞沫传播和密切接触传播,潜伏期末的病人具有传染性.