目的:分析川崎病患儿肠道菌群构成及分布与其冠状动脉病变的相关性.方法:选择我院自2020年1月至2023年2月接诊的86例川崎病患儿作为研究对象,根据是否出现冠状动脉病变,分为冠状动脉病变组(35例)和非冠状动脉病变组(51例).检测所有患儿的肠道菌群多样性[肠道菌群丰度(Ace指数)、肠道菌群多样性(Shannon指数)]、肠道菌群构成比例[门水平(变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门)、属水平(乳杆菌属、拟杆菌属、韦荣球菌属)],使用多因素Logistic回归分析肠道菌群构成及分布与冠状动脉病变的关系.结果:冠状动脉病变组Ace指数大于非冠状动脉病变组(P＜0.05);冠状动脉病变组与非冠状动脉病变组的Shannon指数比较无差异(P＞0.05);冠状动脉病变组肠道厚壁菌门占比低于非冠状动脉病变组,拟杆菌门占比高于非冠状动脉病变组(P＜0.05);冠状动脉病变组与非冠状动脉病变组的肠道变形菌门占比比较无差异(P＞0.05);冠状动脉病变组肠道乳杆菌属占比、韦荣球菌属占比均低于非冠状动脉病变组(P＜0.05);冠状动脉病变组与非冠状动脉病变组的肠道拟杆菌属占比比较无差异(P＞0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,肠道Ace指数、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、乳杆菌属、韦荣球菌属均是川崎病患儿发生冠状动脉病变的独立影响因素(P＜0.05).结论:川崎病患儿肠道菌群构成及分布与其冠状动脉病变密切相关,为改善肠道菌群失调、增加患儿的临床获益提供依据,应引起临床重视.

Background : Epilepsy is a prevalent neurobehavioral disorder, which affects more the 50 million individuals worldwide. It is characterized by neuron hyperexcitability mediated by repetitive convulsions. The current investigation was planned to study the therapeutic properties of the xanthohumol against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods : The 70 mg/kg of PTZ was administered (i.p.) to the mice for stimulating the epileptic seizures and 20 mg/kg of xanthohumol was pre-treated by oral route before the 30 min of PTZ administration. The mice were observed closely for 30 min after the PTZ treatment to detect the onset and duration of clonic/tonic convulsions and mortality. The status of glutamate, GABA, dopamine, Na + K + ATPase, and Ca + ATPase were quantified using respective kits. The level of MDA, NO, GSH, and SOD were detected using standard methods. The levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as COX-2, TNF- α , NF- κ B, TLR-4, and IL-1 β in the brain tissues were inspected using kits. The histopathological analysis was done on the brain tissues. Results : The xanthohumol significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced the onset and duration of convulsions, mortality, and behavioral changes in the epileptic mice. The levels of COX-2, TNF- α , NF- κ B, TLR-4, and IL-1 β were significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased in the epileptic mice by 20 mg/kg xanthohumol treatment. The levels of MDA and NO was reduced and GSH and SOD were increased by the 20 mg/kg xanthohumol treatment. The 20 mg/kg xanthohumol significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased the glutamate and improved the dopamine, GABA, Na + K + ATPase, and Ca + ATPase in the epileptic mice. The findings of histopathological studies revealed that 20 mg/kg xanthohumol decreased the inflammatory signs and pyknosis in the brain tissues. Conclusion : Pre-treatment with the 20 mg/kg xanthohumol ameliorates the PTZ-triggered seizures in a mice model through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. Hence, xanthohumol can be a promising antiepileptic candidate in the future to treat epilepsy.

目的:探讨布地奈德混悬液对哮喘幼鼠上皮-间充质转化和气道重塑的影响及机制.方法:将哮喘幼鼠(n=36)随机平分为三组-模型组、布地奈德1组、布地奈德2组,三组分别给予雾化吸入生理盐水、布地奈德混悬液0.1mg与布地奈德混悬液0.2 mg,1次/d,共14d,检测与观察幼鼠上皮-间充质转化和气道重塑变化情况.结果:布地奈德1组、布地奈德2组的支气管肺泡灌洗液白细胞总数与嗜酸性粒细胞总数都低于模型组(P＜0.05),布地奈德2组低于布地奈德1组(P＜0.05).布地奈德1组、布地奈德2组的血清肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α、血红素加氧酶(heme oxygenase,HO)-1含量低于模型组(P＜0.05),布地奈德2组低于布地奈德1组(P＜0.05).布地奈德1组、布地奈德2组的支气管壁厚度(WAt/Pi)、支气管壁平滑肌细胞核数量(N/Pi)、支气管壁平滑肌厚度(WAm/Pi)都高于模型组,布地奈德2组高于布地奈德1组(P＜0.05).布地奈德1组、布地奈德2组的肺组织E-cadherin、NF-KB蛋白相对表达水平低于模型组(P＜0.05),布地奈德2组低于布地奈德1组(P＜0.05).结论:布地奈德混悬液在哮喘幼鼠的应用能抑制上皮-间充质转化和气道重塑,也可抑制TNF-α、HO-l的释放,减轻嗜酸性粒细胞与白细胞的浸润,从而发挥肺保护作用,且存在剂量依赖性.

目的:探究布地奈德混悬液对哮喘模型小鼠肺组织TOLL样受体4(toll-like receptor4,TLR4)/髓样分化因子88 (myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88)/核因子κB (nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)通路的影响.方法:使用4％鸡蛋清白蛋白与2％的Al(OH3)共同致敏小鼠,建立咳嗽变异性哮喘小鼠模型40只,将模型大鼠分另别使用低、中、高剂量(0.2、1.0、2.0 g/kg)布地奈德混悬液和孟鲁司特钠进行干预,1次/日连续干预14 d,于干预14d时采集小鼠的支气管肺泡灌注液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)、气管及肺组织,对各组BALF中的白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)、嗜酸性粒细胞、血清γ干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-1β (interleukin-1β,Il-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平差异开展比较,对各组小鼠肺组织黏膜上皮增生程度评分、炎症细胞浸润程度评分、病变总评分差异,以及TLR4、MyD88、p65蛋白表达差异进行分析.结果:分析显示,布地奈德混悬液能够显著降低哮喘模型小鼠BALF中白细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞数量,同时还能够改善小鼠气管和支气管黏膜上皮增生与肺组织炎症细胞浸润状态,且干预后小鼠肺组织中的TLR4、MyD88、p65蛋白表达水平出现了明显的降低.结论:布地奈德混悬液对改善小鼠哮喘效果较好,其作用机制可能与该药能够调节TLR4、MyD88、p65蛋白表达,进而影响炎症和免疫反应进程有关.

目的:探讨曲普瑞林联合小剂量生长激素物治疗女童CPP疗效及对骨龄影响.方法:选取2017年1月至2020年1月我院收治的200例CPP女童,随机将其分为两组,对照组100例,给予常规治疗,研究组100例,给予曲普瑞林联合小剂量生长激素治疗.观察两组患者的临床疗效、治疗前后血清性激素水平、子宫容积、卵巢容积变化情况以及生长发育指标变化.结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率为98％;显著高于对照组总有效率(80％,P＜0.05).两组FSH、LH、E2水平、子宫容积、卵巢容积均降低,骨龄、身高、PAH均显著升高,且研究组上述指标明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:曲普瑞林联合小剂量生长激素物治疗女童CPP疗效显著,能很好的改善患者血清性激素水平、子宫容积、卵巢容积,对生长发育指标具有积极的意义,值得临床推广和应用.

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of febrile convulsion. Methods: 110 cases of febrile convulsions whotreated from January 2016 to December 2017 in our hospital as the case group, and 86 cases of febrile children were selected as the control group in the same period. The single factor of febrile convulsion was analyzed, the clinical data in both groups were analyzed, the possible risk factors of febrile convulsion were observed, and the relationship between immunoglobulin, trace elements and its occurrence was analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in sex. age and mode of delivery between the control group and the case group (P>0.05). There were significant differences in body temperature, family history of convulsion, perinatal injury, poor living environment, creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) , immunoglobulin and trace elements between the two groups (P<0.05). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that body temperature, family history of convulsion, perinatal injury, poor living environment and CK-MB were independent risk factors for febrile convulsion. Immunoglobulin and trace elements were protective factors for febrile convulsion (P<0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of febrile convulsion is related to a variety of high-risk factors. Low levels of immunoglobulin and trace elements can participate in the occurrence of febrile convulsion. Clinical intervention may reduce the risk of febrile convulsion.

过敏性紫癜是儿科常见病之一，近年来其发病率有逐年上升的趋势［1］。本研究通过了解过敏性紫癜患儿治疗前血、尿白细胞介素‐8（IL‐8）水平复化情况，探讨 IL‐8在疾病过程中的作用。