植被覆盖度适用于描述生态系统,对区域生态系统变化起着重要指示作用.以四川省汶川县2002年、2008年、2017年的中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)的归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据为基础,通过计算植被覆盖度(FVC)、植被覆盖变化趋势和变异系数,分析四川省汶川县植被覆盖度的空间格局及其稳定性,并利用地理探测器模型讨论影响其变化的自然因素.结果表明,(1)汶川县植被覆盖总体状况良好,植被覆盖度>0.8的面积接近汶川县总面积的66.2％,主要分布在汶川县东南部三江镇、水磨镇,北部的龙溪乡,岷江支流烧汤河、正河两侧山坡,海拔高度为2000～4000 m;(2)植被覆盖的平均变异系数为19.76％,不显著变化区域的面积占总面积的62.35％,整体相对稳定;(3)根据地理探测器模型可知影响汶川县植被覆盖度空间分布的主要因子是地貌类型、土壤类型、高程、气温等,其解释力度都在60％以上;植被类型和降水量是次要因素,而坡向和坡度对植被覆盖度空间分布的影响较小,解释力度不足3％.汶川县植被覆盖度变化空间差异明显,因地制宜的生态保护策略初见成效,但还须进一步跟进.

航空特色小镇依托良好的空域、 产业政策,顺应通航产业大市场发展,在全国特色小镇建设过程中异军突起,形成具有代表性的特色小镇类型.但是在航空特色小镇迅猛发展的同时,开发盲目、 定位不清、 后续开发不足等问题频频出现.通过对全国现有航空特色小镇发展情况的统计分析,对航空小镇发展相对较好的浙江省模式进行分析总结,并对后续航空特色小镇的持续稳定发展提出适当建议.

基于2002-2014年TM/ETM+影像,选取山地平原过渡带崇州市为研究区,在RS和GIS技术的支持下,采用人机交互图像处理方法提取了该市土地利用信息,应用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度、主成分分析法结合社会统计数据对崇州市12年来土地利用变化时空特征及人文驱动进行了研究.结果表明:(1)土地利用类型以林地、耕地、建设用地为主,建设用地动态度最大,为5.72,未利用地其次为1.04,其他类型土地利用变化速度不显著.(2)崇州市土地利用程度处于稳定增长状态,但各乡镇变动值差异较大,受地形影响明显,土地利用开发地域差异明显.(3)人口与城镇化、经济发展与产业结构调整是崇州市土地利用变化的主要人文驱动因素,且驱动作用呈逐年加强趋势.

Land use change is an important way to reveal the degree of land use response to human activities. Throughout the characteristics of the land change and spatial pattern,we can recognize intensity and effect pattern of man-land relationship in various regions. Based on the GIS technology,the authors utilized man computer in-teractive image processing methods to acquire the land use data in TM/ETM+ image of 2002 and 2014,analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of land use changes in Chongzhou city during 10 years from the rate of land use change,the direction of land use transformation,the degree of land use,the index of urban growth, the model of buffer analysis. The results demonstrated that (1) Land use type was mainly composed of forest land, cultivated land and construction land. Compared with the other land use types,construction land had the highest dynamic de-gree of 5.72. The overall land use degree of Chongzhou city increased 6.68 from 254.25 to 260.93,but there was a great difference in the variable value of land use between different towns. (2) Land space transformation area reached 18 508.50 hm2,which accounted for 16.94% of the study area;Map unit with the largest growth area was newly increased construction land,followed by newly increased farmland and newly increased forest land. Terrain factors had great influence on the distribution of land use. Construction land,arable land and water body had a sig-nificantly negative correlation with elevation and slope respectively, wherein human activities the most common in those regions with the slope between 0°to 6°. (3) The construction land of central urban area mainly expanded to-wards east,southeast and northeast from the river,and the buffering range increased by 2 120.76 hm2. It demon-strated that the land use in Chongzhou was in the period of rapid development, while there were obvious regional differences due to the influence of human activities.

为了揭示成都市在城市发展过程中产生的变化,该文以成都市多时相、多源空间数据为基础,采用RS与GIS技术提取城市扩展信息,基于空间叠置和缓冲分析技术、运用城市扩展模型对1978年-2010年成都市城市扩展的时空分异特征与城市扩展的驱动力进行分析.结果表明:1978年-2010年,成都市城市扩展呈快速增长的态势,呈“紧凑型圈层式”扩展模式,中心城区扩展主要方向是西北、西和西南;1978年-2002年和2002年-2010年两时段城市扩展时空差异显著;经济发展和城市化发展是成都市城市扩张的主要驱动力.

The herbs used as the material for traditional Chinese medicine are mostly planted at mountain areas where there is appropriate weather condition. Due to the complex terrain condition in mountain area, the planting at such places is always associated with a scattered pattern, which inevitably bring difficulty to the work of accurate measurement for the planting area. Advanced research about monitoring the planting area for medicine-herb under complex environmental condition is so critical and meaningful for developing the medicine-herb planting to a large scale and an industry. Therefore, this research, taking the planting of Herpetospermum pedunculosum in Luding county as an example, utilizes RS&GIS: using the image data from TM and ETM datum as the remote sensing information source, integrating GPS data from quadrat survey on the spots, and analyzing on a GIS platform, to extract the planting area of H. pedunculosum in Luding county. The results indicate that: (1) the method and technology used to estimate the planting area of H. pedunculosum are feasible and can be applied to monitoring the planting area of medicine-herb at mountain area under complex environmental conditions: (2) the planting area of H. pedunculosum in Luding county is estimated to be 857. 246 acres by the methods utilized in this research, which is closed to the value from local statistical data with an error range less than 5%; (3) in consideration of those inevitable errorrs generating from the procedures such as remote sensing data acquisition, data preprocessing, data interpretation, and so on, and the fact that the classification of remote sensing data, which must be implemented by those above procedures, was used directly to extract the herb type, the accuracy of area estimation for the herb is significantly influenced by the accuracy of classification for herb type, and the estimated area is inevitably associated with some error.