The complex physical properties of natural plant products (NPPs) greatly influence the disintegration of NPP tablets, and the evaluation of their disintegration properties is generally overlooked. To solve this problem, the study aimed to reveal the disintegration behavior of NPP tablets by the stress relaxation method of texture analyzer and investigate the key attributes affecting the disintegration of NPPs. 24 types of NPPs were systematically evaluated and divided into 3 kinds of groups: expansive NPPs, dissolved NPPs, and disintegrating NPPs. The disintegration characteristics of each group were significantly different. 9 kinds of characteristic parameters of disintegration kinetics of NPP tablets were used to analyze in detail. The results of Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that there was a strong correlation between the fundamental properties of powders and the disintegration kinetics of tablets. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed the validity of the classification method. Additionally, the medicament portions and texture characteristics of NPPs are the key factors influencing tablet disintegration. The disintegration of NPPs may also be affected by the dissolution. Thus, the disintegration behavior of NPP tablets was investigated and the factors influencing disintegration were revealed.

High shear wet granulation and tableting (HSWG-T) are complex pharmaceutical processes, which makes tablet quality be influenced by many variables including raw material attributes, process variables, and intermediate granule properties. To achieve the desired final quality of tablets and improve the production efficiency, it is necessary and urgent to comprehensively understand the attribute transmission pattern in HSWG-T. However, this aspect seems to be unexpectedly ignored in terms of reviews published so far. Therefore, it is the major focus in this review and was summarized and discussed based on the quality by design (QbD) concept. Additionally, the applications of characterization techniques and current multivariate analysis models in the study of attribute transmission pattern were also reviewed. As expected, there are some certain attribute transmission patterns in HSWG-T. Moreover, some attributes are highly correlated, and their interactions are also important for the results. Therefore, this review is beneficial for QbD in HSWG-T. It can also provide some guidance for further studies.

This study aims to examine (i) the effect of diluent types (lactose monohydrate, corn starch, and microcrystalline cellulose) and granulation liquids (20% polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, 65% alcohol, and dispersion containing 40% model drug- Pithecellobium clypearia Benth extracted powder) on granule properties and tablet quality for high shear wet granulation and tableting (HSWG-T) and, more importantly, (ii) the attribute transmission in the process. In general, the impact of diluents on granule properties and tablet quality was more dominant than that of granulation liquids. Attribute transmission patterns were revealed as follows. The granules' ISO. Roundness and density correlated with raw material (i.e., model drug, diluent, and/or granulation liquid) properties such as density and viscosity. The granules' compressibility parameter a correlated with the granules' Span, and parameter y0 correlated with the granules' flowability and friability. Compactibility parameters ka and kb correlated mainly with granules' flowability and density, and parameter b correlated significantly and positively with tablet tensile strength. The compressibility correlated negatively with tablet solid fraction (SF) and friability, while the compactibility correlated positively with tablet disintegration time. Moreover, the rearrangement and elasticity of granules correlated positively with SF and friability, respectively. Overall, this study provides some guides for achieving high-quality tablets via HSWG-T.

目的:研究砂仁陈皮制熟地黄炮制过程样品表观颜色、综合甜度与苷类成分含量变化的关联性,为揭示地黄炮制原理奠定基础.方法:采用全自动色差计测量熟地黄样品粉末颜色;采用高效液相色谱法测定不同加热时间点样品中14个活性成分的含量(5-羟甲基糠醛、梓醇、益母草苷、毛蕊花糖苷、异类叶升麻苷、橙皮苷、地黄苷D共7个苷类成分和D-果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖、甘露三糖、水苏糖共7个糖类成分),流动相乙腈-水梯度洗脱.以糖类成分甜度计算样品综合甜度变化,运用SPSS 21.0软件对砂仁陈皮制熟地黄炮制样品色度值、综合甜度与苷类成分含量进行关联分析,以三角形面积法建立熟地黄炮制样品质量综合评价指数.结果:在炮制过程中,样品粉末色度值增加,样品表观颜色变深.含量测定结果显示,随加热时间增加,熟地黄样品的苷类成分含量减少,单糖成分含量增加,样品综合甜度增加.关联性分析结果表明色度值、综合甜度与环烯醚萜苷含量呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),色度值与呋喃醛衍生物含量、苯乙醇苷含量、黄酮类含量,以及综合甜度与呋喃醛衍生物含量、苯乙醇苷含量均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),综合甜度与黄酮类含量呈明显正相关(P＜0.05).炮制至52 h时样品综合评价指数最高,达0.99.结论:熟地黄样品粉末色度值聚类分析总体趋势与直观区分基本一致,结合样品粉末色度值、综合甜度与苷类成分含量3个指标可对砂仁陈皮制熟地黄进行综合质量评价.

Background. The Citrus aurantium- (ZhiShi, ZS-) Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (BaiZhu, BZ) pairs are often found in herbal formulas for constipation. The volatile oils of ZS and BZ (ZBVO) have good pharmacological activity against constipation, but the mechanism for treatment of slow transit constipation (STC) remains unclear. Method. A rat model using diphenoxylate tablets was constructed to investigate if transdermal administration of ZBVO would mediate intestinal microorganisms and fecal metabolites and improve STC symptoms. The regulatory effects of ZBVO at 0.15, 0.30, and 0.60 mL kg-1 d-1 on STC rats were assessed by measuring fecal water content, intestinal propulsion rate, histopathology, expression of gastrointestinal hormones, brain and intestinal peptides, and inflammatory factors. The changes in intestinal flora of STC rats were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, the untargeted fecal metabolomics analysis was performed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology. Results. The results showed that ZBVO had a modulating effect on STC by increasing the fecal water content and intestinal propulsion rate. Transdermal administration of ZBVO decreased serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and increased the levels of gastrin (GAS) and substance P (SP). In addition, ZBVO increased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels and decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels in colon and hippocampus tissues. The results of intestinal microbiota showed that ZBVO improved the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbiota and changed the community composition by decreasing Romboutsia and increasing Proteobacteria, Allobaculum, and Ruminococcaceae. And the feces metabolomics found that nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, purine metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), pyruvate metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis were modulated. Conclusion. These findings suggest that ZBVO can alleviate STC symptoms by promoting intestinal peristalsis, increasing fecal water content, regulating gastrointestinal hormone level, reducing the inflammatory response, and regulating brain and intestinal peptides after transdermal administration. And structural changes in the intestinal microbiota are closely related to host metabolism and intestinal microbiota destroyed in STC modeling could be significantly improved by the ZBVO, which provides a reference for the development of aromatic drug macrohealth products.

Background. The Caoguo-4 decoction, a classical Mongolian medicine formula, is widely used to treat spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD) in Mongolian for decades. Previously, the Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oil has been confirmed to be effective in ameliorating symptoms of spleen deficiency diarrhea in an animal model. However, the underlying mechanism of the Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oil is yet to be established. The aim of the current study was to investigate the antidiarrheal effects and mechanism of the Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oil. Method. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 animals including control, model, positive, Caoguo-4 decoction, and Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oil groups (10 rats in each group). All the rats, besides those in the control group, were induced to develop SDD by a bitter-cold purgation method with Xiaochengqi decoction. The antidiarrheal effect of Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oil was evaluated by pathological section, serum D-xylose and AMS content, plasma MTL content, and gut microbiota analysis via 16S rRNA sequencing. Results. The results showed that the developed SDD rat model (model group) had decreased food intake, increased weight loss, soft stool, and bad hair color. When compared with the control group, serum was significantly reduced serum D-xylose and AML but increased MTL levels in the model group ( p < 0.05 ). However, after treatment with either the Caoguo-4 decoction (the decoction group) or Smecta (the positive group) or volatile oil from the Caoguo-4 decoction (the volatile oil group), a significant increase in the serum D-xylose levels was observed. Additionally, AML levels significantly increased in the positive and volatile oil groups, and MTL levels significantly decreased in the decoction and volatile oil groups, when compared with the model group ( p < 0.05 ). The pathological changes of the intestinal mucosa showed that the structure of the epithelium in the villi of the small intestine was affected, deformed, and incomplete in the model group when compared with the control group. However, either the decoction group or the volatile oil group recovered the villous morphology. The results of OTU analysis and alpha diversity analysis of intestinal bacteria showed that the intestinal microbiota of the SDD model rats showed an obvious decrease in richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota. But the intervention treatment of decoction and volatile oil could significantly recover the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota. Conclusion. The intestinal microbiota destroyed in SDD modelling could be significantly improved by the Caoguo-4 decoction volatile oils, which provides reference for clinical medication.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder seriously impacting patients' quality of life. At present, although conventional chemical drugs effectively control STC symptoms in the short term, the long-term effects are poor, and the side effects are significant. In this regard, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers an opportunity for STC treatment. Many pharmacological and clinical studies have confirmed this efficacy of TCM with multiple targets and mechanisms.AIM OF THE STUDY:This review attempted to summarize the characteristics of TCM (compound prescriptions, single Chinese herbs, and active ingredients) for STC treatment and discussed their efficacy based on analyzing the pathogenesis of STC.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The information was acquired from different databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases. We then focused on the recent research progress in STC treatment by TCM. Finally, the future challenges and trends are proposed.RESULTS:TCM has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of STC with multi-mechanisms. Based on the theory of syndrome differentiation, five kinds of dialectical treatment for STC by compound TCM prescriptions were introduced, namely: Nourishing Yin and moistening the intestines; Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; Warming Yang and benefiting Qi; Soothing the liver and regulating Qi; and Benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen. In addition, six single Chinese herbs and eight active ingredients also show good efficacy in STC treatment.CONCLUSIONS:TCM, especially compound prescriptions, has bright prospects in treating STC attributed to its various holistic effects.

目的 预测当归挥发油质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker).方法 采用GC-MS检测当归挥发油化学成分,网络药理学构建成分-靶点网络、蛋白-蛋白互作网络、成分-靶点-通路网络、靶点-组织分布网络预测当归挥发油Q-Marker,分子对接验证Q-Marker生物活性,查阅文献佐证Q-Marker有效性.结果 18批次当归挥发油GC-MS分析获得了 5个共有成分,以共有成分为Q-Marker候选成分做网络药理学分析,预测藁本内酯与丁烯基酞内酯为当归挥发油Q-Marker,Q-Marker作用于核心靶点PIK3R1,CHRM1、CHRM2、SRC、CREBBP,通过重要通路肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节,分布于大脑皮层、胆囊、平滑肌、前列腺、膀胱、扁桃体、基底神经节及海马中发挥药理作用;分子对接中藁本内酯、丁烯基酞内酯与核心靶点有较好的结合能力,体现当归挥发油Q-Marker较好的生物活性,文献佐证了Q-Marker有效性.结论 预测的Q-Marker为当归挥发油质量标准的建立及当归挥发油质量评价奠定物质基础.

目的 分析不同砂仁陈皮制熟地黄炮制前后的化学成分含量变化,探讨辅料砂仁、陈皮在熟地黄加工过程中的炮制作用.方法 采用HPLC法建立生地黄、砂仁陈皮制熟地黄及缺不同辅料熟地黄炮制品图谱,结合《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2012版)、SPSS 21.0、SIMCA 14.1软件进行分析,并对7个非糖成分(梓醇、地黄苷D、5-羟甲基糠醛、益母草苷、毛蕊花糖苷、异类叶升麻苷、橙皮苷)和8个糖类成分(D-果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖、甘露三糖、水苏糖、毛蕊花糖)进行含量测定.结果 生地黄、砂仁陈皮制熟地黄与缺不同辅料砂仁陈皮制熟地黄炮制品在成分空间上存在差异;含量测定结果表明,生地黄炮制后,单糖含量增加,寡糖、苷类含量总体呈减少趋势,生、熟地黄之间以及佐以砂仁、陈皮都使地黄成分含量存在差别,且砂仁陈皮制熟地黄中D-果糖、葡萄糖、甘露三糖含量相较于砂仁陈皮制熟地黄(缺砂仁、缺陈皮)分别增加了29.24％、57.14％、44.65％.结论 辅料砂仁、陈皮的加入是其化学成分含量变化的重要因素,为阐述砂仁陈皮制熟地黄的炮制机制提供依据.

This study explores the emulsifying material basis of Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oil (ASRVO) based on partial least squares (PLS) method and hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) value.The turbidity of ASRVO emulsion samples from Gansu,Yunnan,and Qinghai was determined and the chemical components in the emulsion were analyzed by GC-MS.The PLS model was established with the chemical components as the independent variable and the turbidity as the dependent variable and evaluated with indexes R~2X and R~2Y.The chemical components which were in positive correlation with the turbidity were selected and the HLB values were calculated to determine the emulsification material basis of ASRVO.The PLS models for the 81 emulsion samples had high R~2X and R~2Y values,which showed good fitting ability.Seven chemical components,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol,trans-ligustilide,3-butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone,dodecane,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexene,trans-beta-ocimene,and decane,had positive correlation with turbidity.Particularly,the HLB value of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was 4.4,which was the HLB range of surfactants to be emulsifiers and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was positively correlated with turbidity of the ASRVO emulsion samples from the main producing area.Therefore,2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol was the emulsifying material basis of ASRVO.The selected emulsifying substances can lay a foundation for exploring the emulsification mechanism and demulsification solution of ASRVO.

The Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (CX)– Aucklandia costus Falc. (MX) herbal pair is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for treating depression. The volatile oil from CX and MX has been shown to have good pharmacological activities on the central nervous system, but its curative effect and mechanism in the treatment of depression are unclear. Therefore, the antidepressant effect of the volatile oil from CX–MX (CMVO) was studied in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. The suppressive effects of CMVO (25, 50, 100 μL/kg) against CUMS-induced depression-like behavior were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). The results showed that CMVO exhibited an antidepressant effect, reversed the decreased sugar preference in the SPT and prolongation of immobility time in the FST induced by CUMS, increased the average speed, time to enter the central area, total moving distance, and enhanced the willingness of rats to explore the environment in the OFT. Inhalational administration of CMVO decreased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone in serum and the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the hypothalamus, which indicated regulation of over-activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, CMVO restored levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine in the hippocampus. The RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry results showed that CMVO up-regulated the expression of 5-HT 1A mRNA. This study demonstrated the antidepressant effect of CMVO in CUMS rats, which was possibly mediated via modulation of monoamine and cholinergic neurotransmitters and regulation of the HPA axis.

Due to worldwide abuse of chemical antibiotics and continuous emergence of superbugs, the harm of bacterial drug resistance to human beings has become more and more serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to look for green antibiotics with a wide range of sources, broad antibacterial spectrum, non-toxicity or low toxicity, environmentally friendliness, diverse active components and low drug resistance. The volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine is a kind of volatile oily liquid that exists in plants and can be distilled with steam and immiscible with water. Because of its good potential to resist drug-resistant pathogens, it is widely used in food, medicine and other fields. This paper summarized the antibacterial advantages and characteristics of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, and the antibacterial effect and antibacterial mechanism of combined application of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, in order to provide some theoretical basis and study ideas for solving the problem of bacterial drug resistance and developing natural and green antibiotics.

目的:基于数据库挖掘,分析以丁香为核心治疗腹泻的高频配伍规律,并利用网络药理学阐释含丁香核心药物组治疗腹泻的作用机制.方法:应用Python 3.8.1编程对中国中医药数据库进行智能抓取,分析丁香配伍规则,以符合支持度(support)≥0.30,置信度(confidence)≥0.90且提升度(lift)≥≥1.00的中药设为丁香核心药物组,利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索成分并筛选成分靶点,以"Diarrhea"为关键词在Therapeutic Target Datebase (TTD),GeneCards,DisGeNET数据库搜集疾病靶点,运用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件构建"中药-成分-潜在靶点"网络图,通过STRING 11.0构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,利用R语言对潜在靶点进行基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析,采用Discovery Studio Client 2016对核心药物组的成分进行初步验证和评估.结果:数据库筛选获得含丁香治疗腹泻的方剂155首,涉及54味中药,关联规则分析表明在治疗腹泻的配伍中,丁香与木香、甘草、肉豆蔻、白术具有强关联性,以这5味中药组成的核心药物组共涉及119种中药成分和114个潜在靶点,其中104个潜在靶点分布在神经系统,关键靶点有肿瘤蛋白P53(TP53),JUN原癌基因(JUN),丝裂原活化蛋白激酶8(MAPK8),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),90 kDa热休克蛋白aA1 (HSP90AA1)等.GO富集分析主要涉及神经递质水平的调节、血液循环过程、激素介导的信号途径、化学突触传递的调节等生物学过程,KEGG通路中IL-17信号通路、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)分化、表皮生长因子受体、沙门氏菌感染等与治疗腹泻密切相关.分子对接显示关键靶蛋白与槲皮素、山柰酚以及β-谷甾醇具有较高亲和力.结论:含丁香核心药物组涉及的多成分、多靶点、多通路与炎症、神经系统密切相关,推测其可能通过修复肠道屏蔽完整性、调节神经递质水平来治疗腹泻.

Based on data mining and through the method of network pharmacology, we analyzed the mechanism of high-frequency use of herb pair in the treatment of constipation with aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in this study. Through data mining, aromatic traditional Chinese medicine was obtained for the treatment of constipation and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix herb pair was used as the research object. The volatile oil from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix was extracted by steam distillation, and the chemical compositions of the volatile oil were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The targets of volatile oil from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix were searched by PubChem, TCMSP, STITCH and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The targets of constipation were predicted and screened in OMIM, Genecards-Search Resuits and TTD databases. The obtained targets were introduced into Cytoscape 3.7.1 to construct protein-protein interaction(PPI) network diagram for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis by using R language. The network diagram of &quot;component-target-pathway&quot; was constructed according to the results of KEGG enrichment. Discovery Studio 2.5 software was used to verify the molecular docking between the components and the targets. Among them, the most frequently used pair of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of constipation was Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix. A total of 33 compounds were detected by GC-MS, and a total of 180 common action targets of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix on volatile oil in the treatment of constipation were predicted. The key targets included CYP19 A1, PPARA, PGR, ACHE, SLC6 A2 and so on. GO enrichment analysis showed that the activities of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix on volatile oil were mainly involved in the biological processes such as circulatory system, blood circulation, and steroid hormone binding. In KEGG enrichment pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, endocrine resistance, Ca~(2+) signal pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway showed significant effect on constipation. The results of molecular docking showed that PGR, the target protein related to the treatment of constipation, had a good binding with gamma-linolenic acid, dihydro-alpha-ionone, alpha-eudesmol, caryophyllene oxide and beta-ionone. The results show that by using data mining technology and network pharmacology, it is revealed that the active components of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae volatile oil in high frequency use of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine can be used totreat constipation mainly through CYP19 A1, PPARA, PGR, ACHE, SLC6 A2 and other targets, providing a new idea and method for the further study of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of constipation.

目的:观察香佩疗法对安神及防蚊的效果,为失眠及驱蚊提供一种新的方法.方法:在2019年7月3日‐2019年7月8日,对井冈山市茨坪镇人群采用群体抽样发放防蚊香囊200个,并选取了52个有失眠症状的居民发放安神香囊,设置观察组(佩戴香囊)和对照组(不佩戴香囊),观察1周,对两组失眠及驱蚊效果进行统计学分析.结果:防蚊香囊的总体满意度为92%,安神香囊的治疗满意程度为69%,有统计意义.结论:香佩疗法对失眠及驱蚊具有一定的作用.

目的 采用网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨生脉注射液的活性成分和治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的潜在作用机制.方法 利用TCMSP及BATMAN-TCM数据库筛选生脉注射液的活性化合物,通过TCMSP及Targetnet在线数据库预测作用靶点,通过Cytoscape 3.7.1构建活性成分-作用靶点网络图;在GeneCards及OMIM数据库中以“coronavirus pneumonia”为关键词搜索冠状病毒肺炎相关疾病靶点,与生脉注射液化合物靶点进行交集筛选出共同靶点作为研究靶点,将共同靶点导入STRING数据库获取数据后在Cytoscape 3.7.1软件中构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络图;利用R语言进行GO (gene ontology)功能、KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路富集分析,预测其作用机制,并构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络图;通过DiscoveryStudi0 2.5软件对关键靶点进行分子对接分析.结果 生脉注射液筛选得到22个活性化合物,分别为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、β-谷甾醇、当归酰基戈米辛O、戈米辛A、戈米辛R、五味子丙素、内南五味子酯乙、长南酸、南五味子内酯、香蒲木脂素B、新杜松烷酸A、新杜松烷酸B、新杜松烷酸C、新南五味子木脂宁、五味子内酯A、五味子内酯E、五味子酸、尿苷、薯蓣皂苷元、鸟嘌呤核苷、N-反式阿魏酰酪胺、豆甾醇.相应作用靶点224个,与COVID-19的共同靶点16个,分别为CASP3、CASP8、PTGS2、BCL2、BAX、PRKCA、PTGS1、PIK3CG、F10、NOS3、DPP4、NOS2、TLR9、ACE、ICAM1、PRKCE,关键靶点涉及CASP3、PTGS2、NOS2、NOS3、ICAM1.GO功能富集分析得到生物过程(BP)条目771个,细胞组成(CC)条目11个,分子功能(MF)条目79个.KEGG通路富集分析筛选得到67条(P＜0.05)信号通路,主要涉及糖尿病并发症AGE-RAGE信号通路、凋亡通路、P53信号通路、小细胞肺癌通路等.分子对接结果显示与关键靶点对接较好的成分有五味子内酯E、豆甾醇、N-反式阿魏酰酪胺.结论 生脉注射液中的活性化合物五味子内酯E、豆甾醇、N-反式阿魏酰酪胺等能作用于CASP3、PTGS2、NOS2、NOS3等靶点调节多条信号通路发挥抗炎、免疫调节、抗休克、增加血氧饱和度等作用,从而可能发挥对COVID-19的治疗作用.

To construct the active component-action target network diagram and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network diagram of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil, so as to explore the mechanism of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil in the treatment of slow transit constipation(STC) by analyzing the functions and pathways involved in the target. The chemical constituents of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The targets of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were studied by PubChem, TCMSP, STITCH and Swiss Target Prediction. OMIM, Genecards-Search Resuits and TTD were used to screen out the targets of Slow Transit Constipation. The active component-action targets and PPI network diagram were constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. The target organ distribution was analyzed by BioGPS database. GO and KEGG pathways involved in the targets were analyzed by R language. The molecular docking between the components and the targets was verified by Discovery Studio 2.5 software. Finally, 15 volatile oil compounds from Aurantii Fructus Immaturus were detected, and 115 targets of volatile oil in the treatment of STC were predicted. GO enrichment analysis showed that the activity of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil mainly involved blood circulation, circulation system process, response to steroid hormone, signal release and other biological processes. There were 23 KEGG enrichment pathways, among which Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cAMP signaling pathway, Endocrine resistance, Calcium signaling pathway and Serotonergic synapse pathways played a significant role in STC. The results of molecular docking showed that relevant target proteins for the treatment of STC were ACHE, PTGS2, SLC6 A2 and CNR2.The multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathwaycharacteristics of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil were revealed by network pharmacology, which provided a new therapeutic idea and method for the further study of the mechanism of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus volatile oil in the treatment of STC.

桃金娘科植物丁香Eugenia caryophyllata在我国具有悠久的栽培和使用的历史,是药食同源植物,其药理活性丰富,在食品、药品、香精香料等行业具有十分广泛的用途,是中医、蒙医常用的药材.目前已有丁香药理作用及化学成分方面的报道,但临床上的研究进展较少.该文拟对丁香化学成分及药理作用的研究情况进行总结;通过查阅文献,介绍丁香在中医、蒙医本草中的记载情况;结合计算机软件整理丁香在传统蒙医临床中的使用频率以及药对配伍;并从丁香的药性、功能主治、临床应用等方面探讨蒙医学对丁香的使用情况,为后续对丁香的研究提供参考.