Objective:To systematically review the qualitative research on dignity cognition and experience of the elderly in nursing homes.Methods:Qualitative research on the dignity cognition and experience of the elderly in nursing homes was retrieved by computer in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to May 31, 2021. The quality of the article was assessed using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, and 30 research results were extracted. The research results were grouped into 8 categories, and 4 integrated results were synthesized, namely, the elderly's cognition of dignity, the impact of impaired dignity on the elderly, the factors affecting the maintenance of dignity, and the elderly's dignity maintenance strategies.Conclusions:Nursing homes should attach importance to the dignity of the elderly, provide dignity care, protect the autonomy of the elderly, and strengthen the social support system to promote the realization of the elderly with dignity.

Objective In the context of an increased focus on geriatric depression in recent years, this study examined the associations between different types of self-care disability, the number of self-care disabilities, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. Method The data for this study were extracted from the follow-up survey (conducted in 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The sample comprised 10808 participants aged 45 years and older. The Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD-10) Scale were used to assess self-care disability and depressive symptoms, respectively. Result The prevalence of depressive symptoms and self-care disability among the surveyed residents was 45.1% and 23.4%, respectively. Overall, there was a significant positive association between self-care disability and depressive symptoms. Participants who reported having a self-care disability in relation dressing, bathing, transferring in and out of bed, using the toilet, and controlling urination and defecation were found to have a significantly higher risk of depressive symptoms. In addition, participants with a greater cumulative quantity of self-care disabilities had a higher risk of depressive symptoms, and higher CESD-10 scores. Conclusion Self-care disability is a risk factor for depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. A positive correlation between the number of self-care disabilities and the risk of depressive symptoms was found.

Background:At present, adherence to antipsychotic treatment is often poor, leading to the recurrence of symptoms. This increases the likelihood of the patient experiencing disability and thus increases the disease burden for the patient, their family, and society as a whole. However, to date, there is no clear evidence regarding the effect of medication adherence interventions on outcomes for patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the traditional intervention methods are limited by manpower and resources in low- and middle-income countries. Recent studies have demonstrated that increasing a patient's level of self-compassion may improve their treatment adherence. Online mental health care interventions have advantages in terms of feasibility and acceptability for patients with schizophrenia. In this regard, a WeChat-based self-compassion training protocol to improve patient treatment adherence was designed in this study and will be evaluated in the future to determine its impact on patients with schizophrenia.Methods:The protocol for the randomized controlled trial (RCT) is based on the SPIRIT 2013 statement. This parallel RCT will aim to recruit 392 patients with schizophrenia who will be randomized at a 1:1 ratio into a 3-week intervention or control group. Both groups will receive routine care. The intervention group will also receive WeChat-based self-compassion training, which requires participants to complete three tasks every day, including a reading task, a meditation task, and a self-compassion journal task. The control group will receive WeChat-based psychological health education, which will only require participants to read positive articles about psychological health every day. Medication adherence, self-compassion, stigma, and social support will be measured at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1), and 3 weeks after the intervention (T2). Program feasibility will be evaluated throughout the course of the study, and acceptability will be measured immediately after the intervention (T1).Expected results:The intervention described here will address the barriers to accessing mental health care for people with schizophrenia, including patients' desire for independent management, difficulty accessing providers, and concerns about privacy and stigma. The current study provides guidance for clinical nurses to carry out psychological intervention, with the ultimate aim of addressing the problems associated with a shortage of psychological professionals in low- and middle-income countries.

目的 构建老年高血压患者血压控制情况与心理弹性、自我感知老化、服药依从性的结构方程模型,分析各变量间的路径关系,为制订高血压干预方案提供理论依据.方法 采用方便抽样法选取220例老年高血压患者进行问卷调查,采用相关分析和结构方程探究血压控制情况与心理弹性、自我感知老化、服药依从性的关系,构建结构方程模型.结果 心理弹性对血压控制情况的总效应为0.428,直接效应为0.268,间接效应为0.160.自我感知老化能直接对服药依从性产生负向效应(β=-0.179,P<0.01).结论 提高患者心理弹性和自我感知老化水平,可以有效提高老年高血压患者服药依从性和血压控制水平.

正常高值血压(收缩压120～139和/或舒张压 80～89 mm Hg[1],1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)是高血压发展的关键阶段[2],全球健康成人正常高值血压的发生率为36.3％[3],部分发展中国家为30.7％～47.3％[4-8],我国为36.4％,平均年龄(44.0±16.0)岁[9].研究表明,从正常高值血压到高血压,心脑血管病风险增加[10-12].

目的 了解养老护理员视角下失能老人尊严照护体验.方法 采用目的 抽样法,选取杭州市某医养结合养老机构的12名养老护理员进行深度访谈,使用Colaizzi七步分析法进行资料分析.结果 提炼出2个主题及8项下属内容:尊严照护内容(缓解心身痛苦,维持良好的身体形象,把握照护尺度,肯定老人价值,寻求家庭社会支持);尊严照护培训需求(学习相关知识,提高工作技能,管理自身情绪).结论 养老护理员重视失能老人的尊严,但尊严照护能力较弱,养老机构需加强培训,提高养老服务质量.

目的 了解医疗护理员对临终关怀的认知和态度,分析其照护临终患者的内心真实感受,为管理机构完善医疗护理员在职培训计划提供参考依据.方法 对符合纳入标准的11名医疗护理员进行面对面半结构式访谈,采用传统内容分析法进行资料分析,提炼主题,形成质性描述.结果 共提炼出4个主题:对临终关怀的认知;对临终患者需求的认知;对临终关怀的态度;对照护临终患者的内心感受.结论 医疗护理员是临终关怀的重要力量,政府及管理机构应该重视其专业化水平的提升,完善医疗护理员相关制度,建立科学的医疗护理员人才规划,优化团队整体服务水平,使其能更好的为临终患者服务.

目的 探讨尊严疗法对癌症晚期患者尊严状况和负性情绪的影响.方法 检索PubMed、The Cochrane Li-brary、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台和中国生物医学文献数据库从建库至2020年2月关于尊严疗法对癌症晚期患者尊严状况和负性情绪干预效果的随机对照试验.使用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入7篇文献,包括724例患者.Meta分析结果显示,尊严疗法在改善癌症晚期患者的尊严(MD=-8.65,95％CI为-11.24～-6.06,P<0.00001)、抑郁(SMD=-1.10,95％CI为-1.74～-0.46,P=0.0007)、焦虑(SMD=-0.92,95％CI为-1.59～-0.25,P=0.007)方面优于对照组.结论 尊严疗法可以改善癌症晚期患者的尊严状况,缓解负性情绪.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate how compound Sophorae decoction (CSD) works on rats' models of ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution (TNBS) by metabolomics studies of colon, liver, and kidney tissue extracts.METHODS:Rats with UC induced by TNBS enema were used as models in this study. Metabolic profiles of the three tissues were analyzed and pathway analysis of biomarkers was performed after CSD administration and further integration of metabolic networks.RESULTS:Thirteen biomarkers were screened from colon, liver, and kidney tissue extracts, and the levels of these substances were up- or down-regulated in the model group, but their levels were reversed after CSD administration. These biomarkers were mainly related to Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, Phenylalanine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.CONCLUSION:CSD could significantly ameliorate the symptoms of UC by regulating multiple metabolic pathways.

艾灸在治疗压力性损伤中有较广泛的应用,但尚无全面评价艾灸治疗压力性损伤疗效的系统评价,因此,笔者通过Meta分析来评价艾灸在治疗压力性损伤中的疗效,以期为临床治疗压力性损伤提供循证依据.

Objectives:This study aimed to explore the dignity and related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities.Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 253 Chinese older adults dwelling in long-term care facilities.Dignity among older adults was measured using the Dignity Scale,and its potential correlates were explored using multiple linear regressions.Results:Results showed that the total score of the Dignity Scale is 151.95±11.75.From high to low,the different factors of dignity among older adults in long-term care facilities were as follows:caring factors(4.83±0.33),social factors(4.73±0.41),psychological factors(4.66±0.71),value factors(4.56±0.53),autonomous factors(4.50±0.57),and physical factors(4.38±0.55).A higher score of the Dignity Scale was associated with higher economic status,fewer chronic diseases,less medication,better daily living ability and long-time lived in cities.Conclusion:Older adults with low economic status,more chronic diseases,and poor daily living ability,taking more medications,or the previous residence in rural areas seem to be most at low-level dignity in long-term care facilities and thus require more attention than their peers.