对速度为350 km/h动车组动车车轮超声波检测过程中定位销孔处产生的异常反射回波进行了分析.结果 表明,该异常反射回波在定位销孔固有回波之后出现,且声程差固定;两个定位销孔之间存在的较大接触应力是产生异常反射回波的主要原因.对定位销孔两侧异常反射情况和定位销孔应力的来源进行了试验验证.验证结果表明,该类型异常反射回波为非缺陷波,定位销孔处的应力为动车组车轮运行过程中所产生.

铁路行业对车轴表面普遍采用荧光磁粉检测，以保证车轴质量，保证行车安全。文章通过对车轴磁粉探伤固定位置异常显示进行分析，探究异常显示出现的原因以及应对策略。

利用超声波检测技术对不锈钢搭接焊缝质量进行了评估研究.使用二维阵列式探头对激光焊缝进行了检测,分析了不同熔合区域对A扫描回波信号的影响,并对熔合区域进行了C扫描成像.基于熔合特征信息提出了等效熔宽的概念,利用统计方法建立了等效熔宽的数学计算模型.结果 表明,该模型的计算精度能够充分满足实际工程应用需要.

Because the measurement accuracy of the diffuse radiation photoelectric sensor in the photoelectric insolation meter seriously affects the accuracy of the solar irradiance measurement, in order to reduce the scattering error, more accurate simulation of the diffuse radiation is needed for indoor calibration. Through the linear correlation analysis between the radiation attenuation rate and each meteorological factor in the day-by-day time scale, the daily horizontal solar scattering radiation model in Changchun area is obtained after multivariate linear regression fitting. The radiation attenuation caused by the scattering of water vapor and dust is simulated in the indoor verification system, and the indoor scattering environment simulation chamber is designed. The results show that the fitted values of the daily scattered radiation in the horizontal plane are well matched with the measured values. The measured values and fitted values are evenly distributed on both sides of the fitted line, and the correlation coefficient (R-2) is above 0.8, indicating that the scattered radiation model has a good effect.

The star simulator was designed to simulate the physical characteristics of real stars. Due to the different color temperatures and magnitudes of different stars, in order to simulate stars more realistically, a starlight source simulation system was required to achieve large-scale high-precision adjustment of color temperature and magnitude. The system consisted of an integrating sphere, light source module, control module and fiber spectrometer to form a closed-loop light source simulation system. In order to ensure the uniformity of the emitted light, a bromotungsten lamp and a variety of monochromatic LED mixed light were used as the light source, and the output brightness of the LED was controlled by constant current driving. The quantum behavior particle swarm algorithm was introduced as the spectrum matching algorithm to solve the LED coefficient ai. As the number of iterations increases, and the value of the fitness function reached the minimum, the simulation error of color temperature and magnitude became smaller. Experimental verification: The range of color temperature was 3 000, 4 300, 5 500, 6 500, 7 600, 20 000 K, the color temperature matching error was better than ±10%; the range of simulated magnitude was +2-+8.5 Mi, and the magnitude matching error was better than ±6%.