目的了解广州市某高校学生对"入学和就业取消乙肝项目体检"政策的认知及态度,为评价该政策的实施效果提供依据。方法整群抽取广州市某高校各学院共计556名在校大学生,使用自编问卷对乙肝体检认知状况进行调查。结果医学生对政策的知晓率(63.1%)较非医学类(48.7%)的学生高(χ2=11.96,P<0.05)。但从整体来看,大学生对该政策的知晓率并不高(56.1%);对乙肝病了解较多的学生更支持该政策(χ2=20.56,P<0.05);大学生了解政策的渠道主要是通过网络、电视(38.8%)和他人的谈论(26.8%);大学生对政策的支持度比较高,但部分学生对政策的执行情况持怀疑态度。结论健康教育可以进一步提高大学生对该政策的认知水平,同时也应加强乙肝基本知识的宣传。

Keratocytes,the major cells in corneal stroma,are relatively quiescent and responsible for the maintenance of the extracellular matrix and transparency of the cornea.Under the condition of injury,the keratocytes are activated and transformed to fibroblast and myofibroblast,characterized by alteration in cell morphology,metabolism and functions. This phenotype transformation of keratocytes is closely associated with the corneal scar formation,and its molecular mechanisms have been intensively studied in recent years.Many markers have been found to identify the different phenotypes of keratocytes.Destruction of corneal epithelium,growth factors,PPARγand epigenetic mechanism are,involved in the generation of myofibroblast.

Purpose: The transformation of quiescent keratocytes to active phenotypes and the ensuing fibrotic response play important roles in corneal scar formation. This study aims to observe the antifibrotic effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) agonist on corneal fibroblasts cultured in vitro, and to explore the potential application of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonist to the prevention of corneal opacity following wound repair.Methods: Rabbit corneal keratocytes were cultured in a medium containing 10% serum to induce their transformation to fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which are similar to those that repair corneas. After incubation with the PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone at different concentrations, the effect of pioglitazone on the migration, contractility, and viability of corneal fibroblasts was examined. The secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was determined by gelatin zymography, and the synthesis of collagen I and fibronectin was investigated by western blotting.Results: Treatment with pioglitazone at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 mu m significantly decreased corneal fibroblast migration, as determined by scrape-wound assay, inhibited corneal fibroblast-induced collagen lattice contraction, and reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion into the supernatant of cell cultures in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of fibronectin was significantly decreased, while the expression of collagen I was only decreased when treated with 10 mu m pioglitazone. Cell viability was not evidently changed compared to the control.Conclusion: This in vitro study demonstrated the anti-fibrotic effect of pioglitazone, suggesting that activation of PPAR gamma may be a new approach for the treatment of corneal opacity and scar formation in the corneal wound healing process.