Methamphetamine is the most widely abused drug in China recent years with more registered people in methamphetamine than that in heroin, and the situation is getting more and more worse. The emotional dysfunction is one of the most important factors to induce relapse in methamphetamine addiction, which caused by the deficit on the structure and function of prefrontal-mesolimbic circuits innervated by monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitters. The present review summarizes the advances in identifying the characteristics of emotional dysfunction manifested in three dimensions: decreased emotional awareness and positive emotion experience, increased negative emotional experience and impaired emotion regulation, and the neural mechanism focused on the prefrontal-limbic circuits underlying the emotional dysfunction. It is found that the irritability and intense anger are the most prominent features of abnormal emotion in methamphetamine addicts even in protracted abstinence periods, which will cause aggressive behaviors and induce relapse. The future studies should pay more attention to identifying the unique features of emotional dysfunction in methamphetamine addiction. Intervention and treatment targeted to emotional dysfunction are also summarized in the present review, which includes pharmaceutical drugs, neuromodulation technology and cognitive and behavioral therapy, etc. With the advances in brain science and computer sciences, future clinical researches will employ neuromodulation methods interfaced on the virtual reality technology integrated multiple sensory emotional information to treat the emotional dysfunction in methamphetamine addiction.

目的:了解基于“动机-技能-脱敏-心理能量(MSDE)”干预模式的“咨询观摩-理论讲授-实践督导”式培训的效果,为更好开展干警、戒毒心理咨询师、社工的戒毒心理干预技能培训工作提供依据.方法:对参加戒毒心理干预系列培训班的学员共计177人次进行自填式问卷调查,收集其对系列培训的授课内容、授课方式和培训满意度方面的评价信息,并采用广义线性回归模型分析参培学员总体满意度的影响因素.结果:参培学员对培训课程的授课内容和授课方式的评价得分(五分制)分别为(4.3±0.8)和(4.3±0.8)分.参培学员总体满意度评价得分(五分制)为(4.1±0.8)分.广义线性回归分析显示,授课内容评价得分和授课方式评价得分是培训满意度评价得分的影响因素.结论:本系列戒毒心理干预技能培训班的培训效果较好,在今后的培训工作中应从戒毒心理干预工作者的需求出发,设置合适的培训内容,并采用多样化的培训方式.

Objective: To develop the Relapse Risk Assessment Scale for Drug Addicts,and to test the reliability and validity of this scale.Methods: Through literature review,case interview and expert panel discussion,the six- dimension scale was formed in accordance with the theoretical background of the biological- psychology- social model,which encompasses biological factors( withdrawal symptoms,and obsessive compulsiveness),psychological factors( negative emotion,and cognitive bias),and social factors( cue exposure and social support),to assess systematically for the relapse risks of drug addicts.The final scale was pilot tested in 269 drug addicts during their non- incarcerated phases.Results: The Cronbach α of the final score was 0. 952,and the α coefficients ranged between 0. 778 and 0. 952 for the subscores; confirmatory factor analyses supported the six- dimension structure( χ2/ df = 1. 89,RMSEA= 0. 058,GFI = 0. 91,CFI = 0. 99,NFI = 0. 98,IFI = 0. 99),and each dimension was positively correlated with the 16- Item Relapse Factors of Drug Addiction Questionnaire.Conclusion: The scale has favorable reliability and validity,and can be used in assessing the relapse risks in non- incarcerated drug addicts.