为有效防控草莓白粉病,本试验以不同浓度的1.5％大丽花轮枝孢激活蛋白可湿性粉剂(VdAL)对草莓白粉病发病前后进行处理,探讨在草莓白粉病发生前和发生后叶面喷施不同浓度的VdAL,对草莓白粉病的治疗效果和预防效果.结果表明:1.5％大丽轮枝孢激活蛋白可湿性粉剂3000倍液第2次药后7 d的治疗效果试验的防效为53.09％,第3次药后30 d的预防效果试验的防效为30.33％,可自草莓盛花期开始定期喷施,不仅能提高草莓的抗病性,减少白粉病的发生,还能减少化学农药的使用,保护农业生态环境.
;针对目前防治草莓白粉病的药剂种类较少、农药残留影响生产安全以及病原菌产生抗药性等问题,开展了使用环保型杀菌剂防治大棚草莓白粉病的试验,调查了2种环保杀菌剂及对照化学药剂的田间防效.结果 显示,环保型杀菌剂42％寡糖·硫磺悬浮剂和0.5％大黄素甲醚水剂对草莓白粉病均具较好防效,施药2次后第7天防效分别为74.41％和63.62％.
................................................................................................................................ 5 1 Context .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 The problem ............................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Agri-policy .................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 Agri-policy implementation via a “Green Pest Control” subsidy programme ................ 7 1.4 Agricultural extension including plant clinics ............................................................... 8 1.5 A new model for better “Green Pest Control” subsidy implementation ........................ 9 1.6 The Beijing Pesticide Reduction Management System ............................................. 11 2 Study Methods ............................................................................................................. 13 2.1 Study area ................................................................................................................ 13 2.2 Data analysis of prescription forms ........................................................................... 13 2.3 Farmer and agri-input dealer key informant interviews ............................................. 14 3 Findings ....................................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Farmers reached ...................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Distribution of plant protection subsidy funds ............................................................ 16 3.3 Impact: pesticides reduced and IPM-compatible pest control achieved .................... 17 3.4 Improvements to data management ......................................................................... 20 4 The Way Forward ........................................................................................................ 20 5 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 20 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 21 References ......................................................................................................................... 22 Annexe ............................................................................................................................... 23
近年蓟马在京郊草莓种植区发生为害严重,已成为设施大棚草莓生产中最难防治的害虫之一.针对目前防治草莓蓟马的杀虫剂种类较少和抗药性等问题,筛选了5种杀虫剂,开展防治草莓蓟马的田间试验.发现在供试药剂中,以5％桉油精可溶液剂和3％甲氧基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂的防效表现较好,药后1d的防效分别为65.45％和74.30％,药后7d达87.89％和83.38％,可有效防治草莓蓟马,且对草莓生长安全.在实际生产中,蓟马发生初期,可选用植物源农药5％桉油精可溶液剂或0.5％印楝素乳油进行防治;如蓟马发生较严重,可将桉油精与化学农药交替使用.
