Background: The prevention and treatment of dairy cow mastitis during the dry period are crucial for the dairy industry. In this work, 200 dairy cows without mastitis and normal entering dry period were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, for the first time, to explore the prevention effects using the different formulations of Cefquinome Sulfate Breast Injection with varied excipients. Methods: Three formulations with various excipients were further evaluated based on the drug residue analysis, somatic cell reduction in the milk and clinical symptoms of mastitis. In the control group, cloxacillin benzathine was utilized for comparisons. Result: All three Cefquinome test groups showed a better effect on prevention than the benzathine cloxacillin group in terms of drug release time, post-partum drug residue, reducing somatic cell count and preventing mastitis in the dry period. Various excipients showed slightly different impacts on the drug residues, the changes in somatic cell counts of dairy cows before and after medication. The prevention effects on mastitis from different excipients were similar after 30 d.

Background: The clinical treatment of dairy cow mastitis during the lactation period plays a significant role in dairy manufacture. In this work, 3 groups of lactating dairy cows with clinical mastitis were selected, for the first time, to explore the treatment effects using cefquinome sulfate and lincomycin hydrochloride through the udder injection. Methods: The treatment effects with the udder injection of cefquinome sulfate and lincomycin hydrochloride were compared based on effective rate, cure rate, somatic cell reduction in the milk, decrease of cow body temperature and recovery of milk yield. Result: Both cefquinome sulfate and lincomycin hydrochloride showed effective treatment on the dairy cow mastitis during the lactation period. The effective rate and the cure rate obtained with cefquinome sulfate were 88% and 80%, which were higher than those treated with lincomycin hydrochloride (effective rate: 72% and cure rate: 64%). Furthermore, the cefquinome sulfate test group seemed to display a better role in the reduction of somatic cells in milk, a decrease of cow body temperature and the recovery of milk yield.

该研究对6株贝莱斯芽孢杆菌分离株进行测序鉴定、药敏试验与抑菌试验.结果表明:所分离的6株菌16S rDNA序列与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处于同一遗传进化树分支,对选定的7种抗菌药物均敏感.应用指示菌进行抑菌试验,6株菌及其代谢产物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有抑菌作用,抑菌作用从强到弱依次是:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液、上清液和菌液滤液.

研究旨在通过红细胞溶血试验和肌肉刺激性试验评价加米霉素注射液的安全性.采集新西兰兔血制成血细胞悬液,加入不同浓度受试药液温育3 h考察加米霉素注射液的溶血性;选用健康新西兰兔18只随机分为低、中、高剂量组,分别在各剂量组动物左侧股四头肌分别注射0.25、0.50和1.00 mL的加米霉素注射液,另外一侧注射等体积0.9％氯化钠注射液作为阴性对照组,考察加米霉素注射液的肌肉刺激性.结果显示,加入各剂量加米霉素注射液的试管中红细胞于3h内全部下沉,上清液体澄清,未见溶血反应;各试验组给药后肉眼观察注射部位,均未发现充血、红肿等变化,动物活动正常;解剖观察发现阴性对照组和低剂量组注射部位股四头肌无明显异常,中剂量组出现有轻度充血,高剂量组出现重度充血;肌肉组织病理学检查发现阴性对照组和低剂量组注射部位组织未见明显异常,随着剂量的增加,可发现肌细胞坏死越严重,14 d时均发现不同程度的修复.研究表明,加米霉素注射液无溶血性,低剂量肌肉注射无刺激性,具有良好的安全性.

为科学、客观地评价加米霉素注射液的过敏性反应,本试验分别选用FMMU豚鼠和SD大鼠进行加米霉素注射液的全身主动过敏性试验和被动皮肤过敏性试验.试验均随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、加米霉素注射液低剂量试验组(6 mg/kg BW)和高剂量试验组(18 mg/kg BW),在常规饲养条件下按照试验方法进行致敏和激发,观察各试验组全身主动过敏反应发生程度和被动皮肤过敏反应等级.结果显示,加米霉素注射液低剂量试验组和高剂量试验组的全身主动过敏反应和被动皮肤过敏反应均为阴性.试验表明加米霉素注射液不引起豚鼠全身主动过敏反应和大鼠被动皮肤过敏反应.

本实验室从不同来源分离鉴定16株枯草芽孢杆菌,应用滤纸片方法进行抑菌强度的试验比较.试验分析结果表明:枯草芽孢杆菌菌株抑菌强度不同,从16株中比较筛选出4株抑菌性较强的枯草芽孢杆菌.芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用强度主要取决于产生抗菌肽的性质和产生量.本试验比较筛选出的4株枯草芽孢杆菌所产生的抗菌肽的性质,如何优化培养条件、培养基筛选或OSMAC策略,提高抗菌肽的产生量等有待于进一步研究.

研究从不同环境中分离鉴定12种共21株芽孢杆菌,应用滤纸片法进行芽孢杆菌抑菌性的比较试验.结果 表明:枯草芽孢杆菌07菌株、枯草芽孢杆菌16菌株、贝莱斯芽孢杆菌02菌株和韦氏芽孢杆菌A菌株对经黄色葡萄球菌抑菌强度达到"++++",对大肠杆菌的抑菌强度达到"++"以上.芽孢杆菌sp.菌株对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌强度达到"+++".研究表明,芽孢杆菌同一菌种的不同菌株抑菌强度不同;不同菌种之间的抑菌强度差别明显,且对大肠杆菌的抑菌强度尤为突出.

In order to investigate the safety of Cefquinome Sulfate Intramammary Infusion(Lactating Cow) using, the skin and vaginal mucosa irritation test were randomly divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was treated with the method of skin irritation and irritation of vaginal mucosa. The results showed that the whole skin, damaged skin and disposable vaginal mucosa irritation of the New Zealand rabbits were non - stimulating with the Sticking of Cefquinome Sulfate Intramammary Infusion(Lactating Cow).

为了解广东某牛场奶牛乳房炎的细菌感染情况及其对常用药物的敏感性,本试验对从8头临床乳房炎患牛采集的8份奶样中分离细菌,纯化、鉴定后再进行药敏试验.结果表明,8份奶样中分离出3株大肠杆菌、5株金黄色葡萄球菌和3株链球菌.其中分离得到的大肠杆菌和链球菌对硫酸头孢喹肟最敏感,金黄色葡萄球菌对复方氨苄西林和阿莫西林同样敏感.本试验可为临床乳房炎治疗用药提供参考.