目的 分析 2021 年山东省严重精神障碍患者管理治疗情况,并与 2018-2020 年比较相关指标的变化.方法 使用描述性分析方法,对截至 2021 年 12 月 31 日山东省严重精神障碍信息系统使用情况以及患者管理、治疗情况等进行分析.结果 截至 2021 年底,全省 16 个市的 143 个区(市、县)使用信息系统.全省在册患者 479673 例,报告患病率为 4.76‰;患者规范管理率为 95.63%;服药率为 96.89%;规律服药率为87.77%;面访率为 97.94%;体检率为 79.64%.2018 年至 2021 年山东省严重精神障碍报告患病率、规范管理率、服药率、规范服药率和面访率均逐年增高.2019 年至 2021 年山东省严重精神障碍体检率逐年升高.结论 2021 年山东省严重精神障碍信息系统登记人数持续增长,患者管理、服药、体检水平有所提高,各地市应针对各地精神卫生服务不足之处出台政策,提高患者治疗质量.

目的 了解山东省精神科转岗医师精神卫生知识知晓率现状及其影响因素,并调查转岗医师对精神疾病的态度.方法 采用整群抽样调查方法,对2019年山东省参加精神科转岗培训的165名医师采用精神卫生知识问卷及精神疾病有关态度问卷进行调查.结果 本次调查中,精神卫生知识达标者98人,占59.4％;其中全部回答正确者37人,占22.4％;不合格者25人,占15.2％;医院类别、是否从事精防工作是精神卫生知识正确率的影响因素(P<0.05).山东省精神科转岗医师精神疾病有关态度问卷评分为(31.89±6.99)分.最高学历、医院类别是精神疾病有关态度的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 转岗医师对精神卫生知识有了初步的了解,理论知识还需进一步加强;且其对精神疾病的态度受到学历和医院类别的影响.

目的 了解山东省严重精神障碍患者的管理情况,为进一步开展严重精神障碍防治工作提供基础数据和参考.方法 采用描述性分析方法,对2011年8月1日～2019年12月31日全省使用严重精神障碍信息系统情况以及对在册患者登记、管理、治疗等情况进行统计分析.结果 截至2019年底,全省16个市的141个区(市、县)使用信息系统.全省在册患者444295例,报告患病率4.44％;其中规范管理在册患者有406438例,规范管理率91.48％;在册患者服药415509例,服药率为93.52％,规律服药315479例,规律服药率71.01％;其中精神分裂症患者服药率94.37％,规律服药率72.04％.2019年全省持续未服药17136例,占在册患者3.86％.在册患者中,有196127例生活贫困,贫困率为44.14％;其中75938例(17.09％)为精准扶贫对象;51687例(11.63％)领取监护补助,91999例(20.71％)领取了精神残疾证;244656例(55.07％)为关爱帮扶小组对象;341541例(76.87％)为家庭医师签约服务对象;183376例(41.27％)参加了社区康复服务.结论 山东省的严重精神障碍患者信息系统已经实现了全覆盖,严重精神障碍各项管理指标已经达到了国家标准,严重精神障碍患者贫困率高,管理治疗形势严峻,社区服务水平需要提高.

目的:探讨以院内干预及家庭访视为基础的延续性护理对强迫症患者的影响.方法:将120例强迫症患者随机分为研究组和对照组各60例,对照组住院期间进行精神科常规护理,研究组在精神科常规护理基础上实施以院内干预及家庭访视为基础的延续性护理干预;比较两组干预前后临床症状[采用耶鲁-布朗强迫量表(Y-BOCS)]、自我效能感[采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)]、生活质量[采用生活质量量表(GQOL-74)].结果:干预后,研究组Y-BOCS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),GSES评分、GQOL-74中心理功能、躯体功能及社会关系评分均高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:延续性护理可显著改善强迫症患者的临床症状,提高其自我效能和生活质量.

新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)自发生以来在全球多点暴发,疫情快速蔓延.目前国内疫情基本得到控制,国外依然比较严重.全国中小学生即将陆续复学,因此做好儿童疫情防控尤为重要.本文结合当前疫情防控态势和科学研究进展,运用文献综述的方法,明晰儿童新冠肺炎临床、流行病学特征及防控措施现状,以便提高读者对儿童新冠肺炎的认识,提醒广大家长、学校及社会各相关组织共同做好儿童健康管理工作,以科学、规范、有序、高效的方式打赢这场疫情防控阻击战.

Objective To explore the relationship among aggressive behavior and family environment,self-esteem in adolescents. Methods A total of 1 047 adolescents were selected and assessed with Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire Revised in China(AQ) ,Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) and Self-esteem Scale(SES) . According to the results of AQ,all subjects were divided into study group for adolescents with aggressive behavior and control group for adolescents without aggressive behavior. Results It was 10. 70％ for the relevance ratio of aggressive behavior in all subjects and the relevance ratio of aggressive behavior in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(P < 0. 05) . The factor scores of conflict, control of FES-CV in study group were all significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0. 05) ,and the factor scores of cohesion,expressiveness of FES-CV in study group were all significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0. 05) . The total score of SES in study group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0. 05) . In study group,all factor scores of AQ were positively correlated with the factor scores of conflict,control of FES-CV(P < 0. 05) and negatively correlated with the factor scores of cohesion,expressiveness of FES-CV(P < 0. 05) . In study group,all factor scores of AQ were negatively correlated with the total score of SES(P < 0. 05) . Conclusion It's serious for the aggressive behavior in adolescents,which is related to their family environment and self-esteem.

目的：探讨综合干预对精神分裂症患者院外康复的效果。方法将150例符合诊断标准的精神分裂症出院患者随机分为综合干预组、健康教育组和对照组，各50例。三组均在按时规律服药的基础上进行治疗，随访要求每1～2个月1次，共8次。对照组仅定期随访；健康教育组在对照组基础上开展健康教育讲座；综合干预组在健康教育组基础上进行综合干预治疗。于入组时及随访1年后采用社会功能缺陷筛选量表（SDSS）测定社会功能，随访1年后评定再入院率和服药治疗依从性。结果综合干预组再入院率低于健康教育组和对照组（P ＜0．05）。随访1年后综合干预组和健康教育组 SDSS 评分较入组时降低（P ＜0．05）。随访1年后 SDSS 评分综合干预组低于健康教育组和对照组，健康教育组低于对照组（P ＜0．05）。三组患者的服药治疗依从性经秩和检验差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。综合干预组的服药治疗依从性优于健康教育组（P ＜0．05）和对照组（P ＜0．05），健康教育组服药治疗依从性优于对照组（P ＜0．05）。结论综合干预对精神分裂症患者的院外康复效果明显。

Objective To investigate the effect of synthetic intervention on community re-entry of outpatients with schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred and eighty-four patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 143 ) and the control group (n = 141 ). The participants in the intervention group received mental health education, medication consultation, skill training and family-based psychological intervention for 1 year. The control group was followed up through clinic visits. At baseline,half a year and the end of the year,all the subjects completed the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results The scores of SSRS and PANSS at baseline were not significantly different between the two groups. At the end of the year,the score of SSRS (32. 85 ± 12. 18) ,the objective support subscale (9. 15± 4. 18 ) ,the subjective support subscale ( 16. 92±7. 34) and the support utility subscale (6. 77±2. 09 ) in the intervention group were significantly increased when compared with the control group ( 31.05±8. 35,7. 77±4. 36,13.46±7.87,6. 23±2. 12, all P < 0.05 ). The score of PANSS (38. 88 ±9. 58 ), the positive subseale (7.40 ±1.12 ), the negative subscale ( 11. 32±5.92 ) and the general psychopathology subscale (20. 16±5. 19 ) in the intervention group showed significant difference with the control group (46. 88 ±16. 37,8.60 ±3. 19,13.52±7. 81,24. 76±8. 08 ,all P <0. 01 ). At the end of the year,the relapse of psychotic symptoms in the intervention and the control group was 18. 18% and 34. 75% ,respectively ( χ2 = 10. 03, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion The study results suggest that synthetic intervention could be effective for schizophrenic outpatients in community re-entry.

Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive intervention in community on schizophrenic social rehabilitation.Methods A total of 284 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into intervention group(n=143) and control group(n=141).The cases in intervention group were regularly provided mental health education,dose advice,skills training and family psychological intervention by psychiatrists for 1 year,while the cases in control group were only followed by clinic visits.All cases were assessed at baseline,half a year and end of the year by instruments including Social Disability Screening Schedule(SDSS),Positive And Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS).Results The scores of SDSS and PANSS had no significant differences between two groups at baseline.At the end of the year,the score of SDSS(7.54±2.11) in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group(9.77±2.74,P0.01).The total score of PANSS(38.88±9.58),the scores of positive subscale(7.40±1.12),negative subscale(11.32±5.92) and the general psychopathology subscale(20.16±5.19) in intervention group were also significantly lower than those in control group(46.88±16.37,8.60±3.19,13.52±7.81,24.76±8.08,P0.01).The relapse rates in intervention and control groups were 18.18% and 34.75%(X2=10.03,P0.01) at end of the year and significant difference was found.Conclusion The comprehensive intervention is effective for social rehabilitation in schizophrenia.