Сформулированы преимущества размещения астрономического телескопа на Луне. Предложен ряд актуальных научных задач. Представлены три различных подхода к созданию астрономического телескопа на будущей международной научной лунной станции

In this article we consider the prospects of research on comets and exoplanets using instruments onboard the WSO-UV mission. Ultraviolet spectroscopy at 115-310 nm is a powerful tool for studying comets, since this range of the electromagnetic spectrum contains most of the resonance lines of atoms, molecules and ions. The spectrographs on board the WSO-UV spacecraft will become one of the most important instruments for spectral studies of comets and exoplanets after 2025.

The main instrument of the space mission "Spectr-UF" (World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet) is a large space telescope to work in the UV wavelength domain (115 - 310 nm). The WSO-UV telescope feeds in its focal plane two main instruments: unit of spectrographs WUVS, and field camera unit FCU, as well as Fine Guidance System (FGS). The imaging instrument FCU onboard WSO-UV will be the first UV camera to be flown to a geosynchronous orbit. Here we provide a brief description on updated FCU instrument and its current status.

The World Space Observatory for Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) is a space observatory equipped with instrumentation for spectroscopy and for imaging in the UV spectral range. After the Hubble Space Telescope, WSO-UV will be the largest mirror telescope for UV astronomy. Thus, the WSO-UV space observatory will guarantee continuity of UV observation of comets and exoplanets.

Abstract—A general description is given of the international (with Russia as the key contributor) project World Space Observatory–Ultraviolet (WSO–UV; in Russian named SPEKTR–UF). The project is aimed at creating a large space observatory for observation in the UV part of the spectrum (110–310 nm). The project has been underway for quite a long time. There are no outstanding engineering issues. Because of several factors not related to technology, the launch of the observatory has been postponed to 2025. The cushion of time allows for a possibility of improvements in the project scheme. The scientific program has been refined; a new design of the field camera has been prepared; a new spectrograph will be installed according to the cooperation agreement between Roscosmos and JAXA (Japan); a new, more optimal orbit has been selected; a system for collecting proposals has been developed and an experimental call for proposals has been launched, etc. Thus, the overall picture of the project has acquired new touches. This paper briefly describes the current status of the project, focusing on these new touches.

Дано общее описание международного (при ведущей роли России) проекта «Спектр-УФ» (международное название «Всемирная Космическая Обсерватория – Ультрафиолет»), направленного на создание крупной космической обсерватории для работы в УФ-участке спектра (110-310 нм). Проект развивается уже довольно длительное время. Нерешённых технических вопросов нет. В силу ряда обстоятельств нетехнического плана запуск проекта отнесён на 2025 год. Определённый запас времени позволил рассмотреть возможности некоторых улучшений в структуре проекта. Уточнена научная программа проекта, подготовлен новый проект камеры поля; в рамках кооперации рассматривается возможность установки нового прибора – спектрографа (Япония), выбрана другая, более оптимальная орбита; разработана система сбора заявок и начат экспериментальный сбор заявок и т.д., так что общая картина проекта приобрела новые штрихи. В данной работе кратко описан текущий статус проекта, и основное внимание уделено этим новым штрихам. A general description of the international (with the main role of Russia) project «Spectr-UF» (international name «World Space Observatory – Ultraviolet») aimed at creating a large space observatory for operation in the UV part of the spectrum (110-310 nm) is given. The project is already developing for quite a long time. There are no outstanding technical issues. Due to a number of circumstances of the non-technical plan, the launch of the project was assigned to 2025. A certain amount of time allowed us to consider the possibility of some improvements in the structure of the project. The scientific program of the project has been clarified, a new project of the field camera has been prepared; within the framework of cooperation the possibility of installing a new device – a spectrograph (Japan) is being considered another more optimal orbit has been selected; a system for collecting applications has been developed and experimental collection of applications has begun etc., so that the overall picture of the project has acquired new touches. This paper briefly describes the current status of the project and focuses on these new touches.

We present here the new imaging instrument onboard the WSO-UV (World Space Observatory - Ultraviolet) project for observations in the UV (115-310 nm) spectral range. We describe the key scientific drivers of the instrument and Ground based instrumentation of the 1-m class telescopes to support space UV observations. The World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet is a Russian-Spanish space mission born as a response to the growing up demand for UV facilities by the astronomical community. It is the only 2-meter class on-orbit telescope in the after HST epoch fully devoted to UV observations.

Spektr-UF is a multipurpose space observatory equipped with a telescope with a primary mirror 170 cm in diameter. The main task of the observatory is obtaining high-resolution spectra of cosmic objects and images of diffraction quality in the UV region (115–310 nm). For the solution of the second task, the Field Camera Unit (FCU) is intended. The design of the FCU changed in the course of work on the project. In this paper, we describe the current version of the FCU and the main scientific tasks to be accomplished with the instrument. Its characteristics are compared to those of the cameras of the Hubble Space Telescope.

The WSO-UV project is an efficient multipurpose orbital observatory for high sensitivity imaging. The imaging instrument Field Camera Unit (FCU) onboard WSO-UV will be the first UV camera to be flown to a geosynchronous orbit. The observatory is planned to operate for at least five years and perhaps longer. WSO-UV will open new opportunities in planetary science, stellar astrophysics, extragalactic astronomy and cosmology. This paper provides an information on updated FCU instrument.

Ultraviolet (UV) astronomy is a vital branch of space astronomy. Many dozens of short-term UV-experiments in space, as well as long-term observatories, have brought a very important knowledge on the physics and chemistry of the Universe during the last decades. Unfortunately, no large UV-observatories are planned to be launched by most of space agencies in the coming 10–15 years. Conversely, the large UVOIR observatories of the future will appear not earlier than in 2030s. This paper briefly describes the projects that have been proposed by various groups. We conclude that the World Space Observatory–Ultraviolet (WSO–UV) will be the only 2-m class UV telescope with capabilities similar to those of the HST for the next decade. The WSO–UV has been described in detail in previous publications, and this paper updates the main characteristics of its instruments and the current state of the whole project. It also addresses the major science topics that have been included in the core program of the WSO–UV, making this core program very relevant to the current state of the UV-astronomy. Finally, we also present here the ground segment architecture that will implement this program.

Comets are important "eyewitnesses" of Solar System formation and evolution. Important tests to determine the chemical composition and to study the physical processes in cometary nuclei and coma need data in the UV range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Comprehensive and complete studies require additional ground-based observations and in situ experiments. We briefly review observations of comets in the ultraviolet (UV) and discuss the prospects of UV observations of comets and exocomets with space-borne instruments. A special reference is made to the World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) project.

We present here the new imaging instrument onboard the WSO-UV (World Space Observatory Ultraviolet) project for observations in the UV (115-310 nm) spectral range. Dedicated to spectroscopic and imaging observations of the ultraviolet sky, the World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet mission is a Russian-Spanish collaboration with potential Mexican minor contribution. This paper provides the key scientific drivers of the instrument.

The WSO-UV (World Space Observatory Ultraviolet) project is intended to built and operate an international space observatory designed for observations in the UV (115-310 nm) spectral range. In this spectral domain many stellar astrophysical processes can be efficiently studied. The project is the solution to the problem of future access to the UV spectroscopy. Dedicated to spectroscopic and imaging observations of the ultraviolet sky, the World Space Observatory - Ultraviolet mission is a Russian-Spanish collaboration with potential Mexican minor contribution. This paper provides a state of art of the project and pays a special attention to the key scientific drivers of the mission.

Based on the ray tracing method, we developed algorithms for constructing numerical model of spectroscopic instrumentation. The Software is realized in C ++ using nVidia CUDA technology. The software package consists of three separate modules: the ray tracing module, a module for calculating energy efficiency and module of CCD image simulation. The main objective of this work was to obtain images of the spectra for the cross-dispersed spectrographs as well as segmented aperture Long Slit Spectrograph. The software can be potentially used by WSO-UV project.To test our algorithms and the software package we have performed simulations of the ground cross-dispersed Nasmyth Echelle Spectrometer (NES) installed on the platform of the Nasmyth focus of the Russian 6-meter BTA telescope. The comparison of model images of stellar spectra with observations on this device confirms that the software works well. The high degree of agreement between the theoretical and real spectra is shown.

The World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) is a Russian-Spanish space mission born as a response to the growing up demand for UV facilities by the astronomical community. Main components of the WSO-UV Ground Segment, Mission Control Centre and Science Operation Centre, are being developed by international cooperation In this paper the fundamental components of WSO-UV ground segment are described. Also approaches to optimize observatory scheduling problem are discussed.