Engineering buildings and structures are objects of increased responsibility. Under certain conditions, buildings and structures are subjects to negative impacts caused by various environmental factors (activation of faults, earthquakes, erosion, freezing, etc.) and technological factors. During operation, it is necessary to control the technical condition of the object and the existing dynamic effects, possibly danger, for the structure and for its parts. The basis for the development of the control method is the results of research devoted to the study of the dynamic effects arising in the dams and the structures hydroelectric power station. This paper shows the results of the analysis of the obtained seismic materials from seismic stations near the Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station and at a distance of about 16 km from it. From the recorded seismic vibrations, signals were identified, the sources of which are the technogenic effects of the operating equipment of the Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station. The possibility of tracking changes in operating modes of hydraulic units at a great distance from the object itself is shown. Shown is the transformation of the received signal by the noise subtraction method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

This paper presents results of a spaceborne radar interferometry technique application for land subsidence observations in a coal mining area in Kuzbass, Russia. Joint analysis of radar interferometry measurements with simultaneous seismic observations shows that the land subsidence is triggered by seismic events, both natural and caused by human underground activity. Surface displacements are linked typically to the boundaries of block structures and correlate with the location of clusters of seismic events.

We present the results of a long-term experiment involving vibroseismic monitoring of the Earth’s crust, which began in 1997 in the Thom’-Kolyvan’ fold zone. Two vibrators of 100- and 40-ton force were used as excitation sources. One three-component (3C) sensor was placed 3 m under the source platform, while another 3C sensor was located at the Novosibirsk Seismological Station, 49 km from the vibrators. Data were collected periodically during several years. The seasonal variations in the frequency characteristic of the vibrator radiation have been investigated. Freezing and thawing of the ground was found to have an effect on vibrator radiation, such that there are distinct winter and summer radiation patterns generated by the vibrator (as well as transition periods in between). The seismograms from the remote zone also reveal cyclical changes in winter and summer. Travel-time wave attributes do not vary with freezing or thawing of the ground, while the dynamic behavior of recorded traces has a pronounced correspondence with freezing or thawing for different years. More detailed research has found that the freezing and thawing of the ground affect not only the radiation spectrum, but also the directional diagram of the source.