Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous noncoding RNAs with covalently looped structures. Compared with other noncoding RNAs, circRNAs have the characteristics of stable structures, high abundance and tissue-specific expression. Recent studies have demonstrated that circRNAs can act as sponges, decoys and scaffolds for microRNAs and proteins, and play an important role in skin tumors. This review summarizes recent advances in the functions and mechanisms of action of circRNAs in common skin tumors, in order to understand the way in which they affect skin tumors, and to assess the value of further research on them.

Objective To investigate molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response induced by Cutibacterium acnes(C.acnes)biofilms in human primary keratinocytes.Methods A C.acnes biofilm model was established in vitro,and confocal fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine its three-dimensional structure.The cultured human primary keratinocytes were divided into 3 groups:a dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)control group(treated with 0.01％DMSO alone),a C.acnes suspension group(co-incubated with C.acnes suspensions),and a C.acnes biofilm group(co-incubated with C.acnes biofilms).Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was performed to determine the relative mRNA expression of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α in the groups after 6-hour culture,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the free protein levels of IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α in the groups after 24-hour culture,and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)in keratinocytes.In addition,some human primary keratinocytes were pretreated with key molecular blockers targeting the TLR2/mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)/nuclear factor(NF)-κB signaling pathway(C29,ST2825,BAY11-7082,SB203580,U0126-EtOH),and then co-incubated with C.acnes biofilms;the DMSO control group and the C.acnes biofilm group receiving no pretreatment were simultaneously set as negative and positive controls,respectively.The mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α were then detected in the above groups.One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups,and the Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparisons.Results Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated a three-dimensional C.acnes biofilm structure resembling a lawn,and the biofilm grew well.RT-qPCR and ELISA showed significant differences in the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α among the C.acnes biofilm group,C.acnes suspension group and DMSO control group(mRNA:F=89.70,312.17,46.09,respectively,all P＜0.001;free protein:F=886.12,634.25,307.01,respectively,all P＜0.001);in detail,the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α were significantly higher in the C.acnes biofilm group than in the C.acnes suspension group and DMSO control group(all P＜0.001);the C.acnes suspension group showed significantly increased expression levels of IL-6 mRNA and TNF-αfree protein compared with the DMSO control group(P＜0.001,=0.003,respectively),while there were no significant differences in the expression of IL-6 free protein,TNF-α mRNA,or IL-8 mRNA and free protein between the 2 groups(all P＞0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the TLR2 protein expression was significantly higher in the C.acnes suspension group and C.acnes biofilm group than in the DMSO control group.After the pretreatment with molecular blockers targeting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and co-incubation with C.acnes biofilms,the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-αwere all significantly lower in the C29 group,ST2825 group,BAY 11-7082 group,SB203580 group,U0 126-EtOH group,as well as in the DMSO control group compared with the C.acnes biofilm group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The C.acnes biofilms exhibited a strong ability to induce inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes,possibly through the activation of the TLR2/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:The treatment of acne vulgaris is often challenging due to the antibiotic resistance frequently observed in Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a prevalent bacterium linked to this condition.OBJECTIVE:The objective of this research was to examine the impact of curcumin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the survival of C.acnes and activity of biofilms produced by this microorganism.METHODS:Following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, we assessed the drug sensitivity of 25 clinical C.acnes strains to five antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline) and curcumin by implementing the broth microdilution technique. In addition, we established C.acnes biofilms in a laboratory setting and subjected them to curcumin-PDT(curcumin combined with blue light of 180 J/cm2). Afterwards, we evaluated their viability using the XTT assay and observed them using confocal laser scanning microscopy.RESULTS:The result revealed varying resistance rates among the tested antibiotics and curcumin, with erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and curcumin exhibiting resistance rates of 72 %, 44 %, 36 %, 28 %, 0 %, and 100 %, respectively. In the curcumin-PDT inhibition tests against four representative antibiotic-resistant strains, it was found that the survival rate of all strains of planktonic C. acnes was reduced, and the higher the concentration of curcumin, the lower the survival rate. Furthermore, in the biofilm inhibition tests, the vitality and three-dimensional structure of the biofilms were disrupted, and the inhibitory effect became more significant with higher concentrations of curcumin.CONCLUSION:The results emphasize the possibility of using curcumin PDT as an alternative approach for the treatment of C.acnes, especially in instances of antibiotic-resistant variations and infections related to biofilms.

Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm development results in enhanced pathogenicity and treatment resistance. Most contemporary antibiotics, however, are unable to eliminate biofilms. In recent years, with the application of new photosensitizers and the development of treatment, ALA-PDT (5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic treatment) has achieved remarkable curative effect in the treatment of fungal infectious diseases; however, no research has been conducted on ALA-PDT against A. fumigatus . This study investigated the inhibitory effect of ALA-PDT at various 5-aminolevulinic acid concentrations and light doses on A. fumigatus planktonic and biofilms in vitro. We found that ALA-PDT may successfully inhibit the development of A. fumigatus biofilm and disintegrate mature biofilm. After ALA-PDT treatment, the adherence rate and vitality dramatically decreased, and the biofilm’s structure was severely compromised. Our findings show for the first time that ALA-PDT may be used to prevent the formation of A. fumigatus biofilm and disturb the structure of mature biofilm, and that it could be employed as a therapeutic therapy for A. fumigatus superficial infection.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, and the pathogenesis of acne induced by Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes) is not well understood. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted much attention because of its involvement in various diseases. However, the mechanisms by which circRNAs regulated acne have rarely been reported. We identified several differentially expressed circRNAs by sequencing patient-derived acne tissues. Among them, hsa_circ_0105040 was determined to be low expressed in acne tissues and localized in the cytoplasm of human primary keratinocytes. We established a C.acnes biofilms model of acne in vitro and showed that hsa_circ_0105040 promoted inflammation via MAPK and NF-κB pathway. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0105040 could directly bind to miR-146a and inhibit the expression of miR-146a. Moreover, hsa_circ_0105040 promoted the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6 by sponging miR-146a, thereby elevating the level of inflammation in acne. Collectively, our data suggested that hsa_circ_0105040- miR-146a -IRAK1/TRAF6 axis was involved in regulating the inflammatory response in acne, which provided a potential therapeutic target for acne and a novel insight into the pathogenesis of inflammatory acne.

目的 探讨DNase Ⅰ对痤疮丙酸杆菌生物膜的抑制效应.方法 构建痤疮丙酸杆菌生物膜并给予DNase Ⅰ处理,分为不同DNase Ⅰ浓度组(0、5、10、20 U/ml).采用四甲基氮盐法检测生物膜活力,结晶紫半定量法检测生物膜含量,激光共聚焦显微镜观察生物膜结构及活菌/死菌比值.组间差异比较采用单因素方差分析.结果 5、10、20 U/ml的DNase Ⅰ处理后痤疮丙酸杆菌生物膜活力值分别为1.882±0.421、1.653±0.287、1.473±0.154,与阴性对照组(2.668±0.245)相比存在显著抑制,且DNase Ⅰ浓度越高抑制作用越显著(F=9.68,P=0.005).5、10、20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ组生物膜含量值分别为1.039±0.003、0.489±0.079、0.147±0.034,与阴性对照组(1.359±0.071)相比显著降低,且DNase Ⅰ浓度越高生物膜含量越低(F=174.40,P＜0.001).激光共聚焦显微镜观察结果显示,与阴性对照组相比,5、10、20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ组生物膜结构被破坏,且DNase Ⅰ浓度越高生物膜结构破坏越严重.5、10、20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ组痤疮丙酸杆菌生物膜活菌/死菌比值分别为2.303±0.457、1.534± 0.526、1.263±0.354,比阴性对照组(4.475±0.146)显著降低,且浓度越高生物膜活菌/死菌比值越低(F=56.75,P＜0.000 1).结论 DNase Ⅰ对痤疮丙酸杆菌生物膜的结构有破坏作用,对其活力有抑制作用.

Introduction: CircRNAs are closely related to many human diseases; however, their role in acne remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of hsa_circ_0102678 in regulating inflammation of acne. Methods: First, microarray analysis was performed to study the expression of circRNAs in acne. Subsequently, RNase R digestion assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay were utilized to confirm the characteristics of hsa_circ_0102678. Finally, qRT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, circRNA probe pull-down assay, biotin-labeled miRNA pull-down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and m6A dot blot assay were utilized to reveal the functional roles of hsa_circ_0102678 on inflammation induced by C. acnes biofilm in human primary keratinocytes. Results: Our investigations showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0102678 was significantly decreased in acne tissues, and hsa_circ_0102678 was a type of circRNAs, which was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, hsa_circ_0102678 remarkably affected the expression of IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α, which induced by C. acnes biofilm. Importantly, mechanistic studies indicated that the YTHDC1 could bind directly to hsa_circ_0102678 and promote the export of N6-methyladenosine-modified hsa_circ_0102678 to the cytoplasm. Besides, hsa_circ_0102678 could bind to miR-146a and sponge miR-146a to promote the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6. Conclusion: Our findings revealed a previously unknown process by which hsa_circ_0102678 promoted keratinocyte inflammation induced by C. acnes biofilm via regulating miR-146a/TRAF6 and IRAK1 axis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different incubation time of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on photodynamic inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Propionibacterium acnes biofilms were formed in 24-well plates with pre-placed cell slides and 96-well plates. The formation of the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) , and the growth activity of the biofilm was assessed by the tetrazolium salt XTT assay. The in vitro successfully constructed biofilm models were divided into 6 groups: negative control group receiving neither ALA treatment nor LED radiation, ALA group incubated with ALA alone for 30 minutes, LED group receiving LED radiation alone, ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group incubated with ALA for 15, 30 and 60 minutes respectively followed by LED radiation. After the treatment, CLSM was performed to observe the biofilm structure, as well as to determine the dead/living bacteria ratio, and XTT assay to assess the growth activity of the biofilm. Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference- t test. Results:CLSM showed that the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm model was successfully constructed in vitro. The dead/living bacteria ratios were 0.90 ± 0.16, 1.75 ± 0.19, and 2.57 ± 0.32 in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group respectively, which were significantly higher than the dead/living bacteria ratio in the negative control group (0.31 ± 0.01; t= 55.56, 138.62, 74.64, respectively, all P<0.001) ; the biofilm viability value was significantly lower in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group (0.35 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.01, respectively) than in the negative control group (0.43 ± 0.00; t= 35.66, 2.64, 110.96, respectively, all P < 0.001) . CLSM showed that the structure of the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm was destroyed under the action of ALA-PDT, and the destruction was aggravated with the prolongation of incubation time of ALA. Conclusion:The prolongation of incubation time of ALA can enhance the inhibitory effect of ALA-PDT on Propionibacterium acnes biofilms.

Aspergillus spp. is the most common clinical pathogen of invasive fungal infection with high mortality. Existing treatments for Aspergillus spp. infection are still inefficient and accompanied by drug resistance, so it is still urgent to find new treatment approaches. The antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone (AMD) has demonstrated antifungal activity against a range of fungi. This study evaluated the efficacy of AMD in combination with triazoles for Aspergillus spp. infection. We tested the combined effect of AMD and three triazole drugs, namely, itraconazole (ITR), voriconazole (VRC), and posaconazole (POS), on the planktonic cells and biofilms of 20 strains of Aspergillus spp. via a checkerboard microdilution assay derived from 96-well plate-based method. Our results reveal that the combination of AMD with ITR or POS against Aspergillus biofilms has synergistic fungicidal effects. By contrast, the combination of AMD with VRC exhibits no antagonistic and synergistic effects. In this way, the use of AMD in combination with ITR or POS could be an effective adjunctive treatment for Aspergillus spp. infection.

Background: Non-coding RNAs with a closed loop structure are known as circular RNAs (circRNAs). They play a crucial role in disease regulation; however, their role in acne development is not clear. In this investigation, we aim to characterize the circRNA expression profile of acne and examine the role circRNAs play in its pathogenesis.Methods: A microarray analysis of human circRNAs was performed to study the circRNAs that express abnormally in acne. RNase R digestion assays were utilized to confirm the circRNA characteristic. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Reverse transcription quantitative (PCR), Western blotting analysis, Immunoprecipitation, Luciferase reporter assay, circRNA probe pull pulldown assay, Biotin-labeled miRNA pull-down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), m6A dot blot were utilized to reveal the functional roles of hsa-circ_0102678 on inflammatory reaction induced by Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) biofilm in human primary keratinocytes. FISH was used to detected the circRNA location in acne lesions.Findings: An unidentified function circRNA, circ_0102678, was found in 1594 circRNAs that were differently expressed in tissues from acne lesions. Functional studies demonstrated that circ_0102678 enhances the synthesis of proinflammatory factors (interleukin-8, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) produced in human keratinocytes stimulated with C. acnes biofilm. Mechanistic studies showed that circ_0102678 regulated the miR-146a- interleukin-1 receptorassociated kinase 1/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 axis in a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-related regulatory pathway to promote the inflammatory response. Interestingly, we also observed that the N6-methyladenosine reader, YTH domain-containing 1 (YTHDC1), aids the nuclear export of circ_0102678.Interpretation: Hsa-circ_0102678 is dramatically down-regulated and as a ceRNA regulated miR-146a/TRAF6 and IRAK1 axis promotes inflammatory response induced by C. acnes biofilm in acne patients and in human primary keratinocytes, making it a potential new target for acne treatment.Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China, CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, Science and Technology Program of Nanjing, China (2019060001), Huimin development projects of Jiangning district, Nanjing China, Science and Technology development foundation of Nanjing Medical University.Declaration of Interest: The authors declare no competing interests.Ethical Approval: The Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, approved this study, and all participants gave written informed consent for participation in our clinical study (Grant No. 2018-KY-012).

Background: Curcumin has been employed as a photosensitizer agent during photodynamic therapy (PDT). Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) can cause an inflammatory response in human keratinocytes; however, no research has been conducted to determine whether curcumin and its photodynamic properties can prevent this inflam-matory reaction.Objective: We hypothesized that curcumin may control the C. acnes biofilm-induced inflammatory response in keratinocytes, either alone or in combination with blue light photodynamic therapy.Methods: Following C. acnes biofilm stimulation, human primary keratinocytes were treated with 20 mu M cur -cumin solution alone or 5 mu M curcumin with combined blue light irradiation. The amount of secreted protein was measured using an ELISA kit. The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and its downstream proteins were determined using western blot.Results: Treatment with 20 mu M curcumin, but not 5 mu M curcumin, reduced the inflammatory response to C. acnes biofilms in keratinocytes by blocking the TLR2/MAPK/NF-Kappa B pathway. Interestingly, 5 mu M curcumin combined with blue light also reduced the C. acnes biofilm-induced inflammation indicated above by blocking the TLR2/ MAPK/NF-Kappa B pathway.Conclusion: Curcumin alone, in sufficient concentrations, or low-concentration curcumin with blue light had anti-inflammatory activity on keratinocytes stimulated by C. acnes biofilms through inhibition of MAPK and NF-Kappa B signaling pathways by downregulating TLR2 expression.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare and life-threatening infection of soft tissue characterised by rapid and extensive destruction of the skin, subcutaneous fat, and fascia. Early diagnosis of NF is challenging, and it can be very difficult to distinguish NF from other infectious diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Imaging studies and laboratory investigations are crucial diagnostic means for NF. We diagnosed a case of NF with multiple organ dysfunction and septic shock, and this is the first case of NF associated with Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) to our knowledge. Clinicians should be alert to signs and symptoms of NF in HHD and other skin diseases with damaged skin barrier function such as pemphigus, pemphigoid, and all kinds of ulcers, especially in diabetic and immunosuppressed patients. Key Words: Necrotizing fasciitis, Genodermatosis, Hailey-Hailey disease.

Objective:To explore the association of -592A/C and -1082A/G single nucleotide polymorphism in interleukin (IL)-10 gene with susceptibility to serofast in patients with syphilis.Methods:The SNPs of -592A/C and -1082A/g in the promoter region of IL-10 were detected by multiple single base extension (SNaP-shot) assay in 123 patients with syphilis(syphilis group), 118 patients with seronegative syphilis (seronegative syphilis group) and 120 healthy controls (healthy control group). The clinical characteristics, genotypes and allele frequencies of different subjects were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in age and gender between syphilis group, seronegative syphilis group and healthy control group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of sexual partners, initial rapid plasma reagin test for syphilis (RPR) titer, stage, and Jihai reaction between the syphilis group and seronegative syphilis group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency of -592A/C and -1082A/G in the promoter region of IL-10 between the syphilis group, seronegative syphilis group and the control group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:There seems to be no evidence for association between -592A/C and -1082A/G single nucleotide polymorphism in IL-10 gene and susceptibility to serofast in patients with syphilis.

1. Vermeiren MR, Kranenburg LW, van Daele PLA et al. Psychological functioning and quality of life in patients with mastocytosis: A cross-sectional study. Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol. 2020; 124(4): 373–8.e2. 2. Jensen B, Broesby-Olsen S, Bindslev-Jensen C et al. Everyday life and mastocytosis from a patient perspective—a qualitative study. J. Clin. Nurs. 2019; 28: 1114–24. 3. Nicolai L, Schmidbauer M, Gradel M et al. Facebook groups as a powerful and dynamic tool in medical education: Mixedmethod study. J. Med. Internet Res. 2017; 19: e408. 4. Griffis H, Asch DA, Schwartz HA et al. Using social media to track geographic variability in language about diabetes: analysis of diabetesrelated tweets across the United States. JMIR Diabetes. 2020; 5: e14431. 5. Schuster B, Ziehfreund S, Biedermann T et al. Psoriasis 2.0: Facebook as a source of disease-related information for patients with psoriasis. JDDG – J. Ger. Soc. Dermatol. 2020; 18: 571–81. 6. Meng Y, Elkaim L, Wang J et al. Social media in epilepsy: A quantitative and qualitative analysis. Epilepsy Behav. 2017; 71: 79–84. 7. Partridge SR, Gallagher P, Freeman B et al. Facebook groups for the management of chronic diseases. J. Med. Internet Res. 2018; 20: e21. 8. Abedin T, Al Mamun M, Lasker MAA et al. Social media as a platform for information about diabetes foot care: a study of Facebook groups. Can J. Diabetes 2017; 41: 97–101.

ing normal X-chromosomes and the alopecic area having mutated X-chromosomes, after random X-chromosome inactivation (lyonization). In a recent seminal work, Minic et al. documented different hair manifestations of IP. Whorled alopecia, being permanent similar to the dental anomalies, may be a useful clinical marker of incontinentia pigmenti in affected adults who may no longer have cutaneous manifestations. The novel dermoscopic finding of alopecia with greyish-blue dots in the absence of telangiectasia and follicular scaling/plugging can help in better characterization of such presentations.

Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a well-established clinical problem with potential severe personal and socioeconomic implications. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) gene, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis, has been strongly implicated to be associated with neuropathic pain in previous animal and human studies. The rs3783641 (T > A) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the GCH1 gene is functional. Here we examine the association between rs3783641 and PHN. A total of 292 subjects including 103 PHN patients, 87 herpes zoster (HZ) patients and 102 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The rs3783641 polymorphisms were detected via the high-resolution melting curve (HRM) method. There were statistical differences between PHN group and the other two groups in genotype distribution (P = 0.029 and 0.017, respectively) and allele frequency (P = 0.032 and 0.005, respectively) of rs3783641. The proportion of subjects with AA genotype in the PHN group was significantly lower compared to HZ group and control group (P = 0.026 and 0.016, respectively). The frequency of A allele was lower in the PHN group than in control group (P = 0.005), and the frequency of T allele in the PHN group was higher than in HZ group and control group (P = 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). The results of this study suggest that the rs3783641 SNP in the GCH1 gene is associated with PHN, and the AA genotype showed a protective effect in PHN.

Objective To analyze the correlation between herpes zoster neuralgia and the methylation status of the whole genome and GCH1 gene.Methods From June to October in 2017,patients with confirmed herpes zoster and obvious neuralgia were selected in Department of Dermatology,The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,who achieved complete remission (no effect was observed on normal sleep) of neuralgia after antiviral and neurotrophic treatment.Finally,36 patients and 36 healthy controls were enrolled into this study.Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the healthy controls and patients before and after the treatment.Dot-blot hybridization assay was performed to determine the methylation status of the whole genome,methylated-DNA IP kit was used to enrich the methylation sites of the GCH1 gene,and real-time quantitative PCR was conducted to detect changes in methylation status of the GCH1 gene.Statistical analysis was carried out with GraphPad Prism v7.00 software by using paired t test for the comparison of methylation status before and after the treatment,and two-sample t test for the comparison between the patient group and control group.Results The relative methylation level of the whole genome was 135.94 ± 2.52 in the patients before treatment,significantly lower than that in the patients after treatment (144.76 ± 3.48,t =2.056,P ＜ 0.05) and healthy control group (146.84 ± 3.39,t =2.580,P ＜ 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the methylation status of the whole genome between the patients after treatment and healthy controls (t =0.429,P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the patients after treatment (0.89 ± 0.13) and healthy control group (0.97 ± 0.07),the methylation status of the GCH1 gene significantly decreased in the patients before treatment (0.65 ± 0.17;t =3.977,4.648 respectively,P ＜ 0.05,＜ 0.01 respectively),while no significant difference between the patients after treatment and the healthy controls (t =0.506,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The methylation status of the whole genome and GCH 1 gene markedly decreased in the patients with herpes zoster neuralgia.