针对大北干流晋陕河段河道采砂存在的问题,根据防洪、河势、环境敏感区、涉河工程等对河道采砂的要求,进行三区划分,提出禁采区控制性指标和禁采期,充分考虑大北干流河道特点和泥沙补给情况,确定年度采砂控制总量,在充分吸纳各级河道管理部门采砂管理经验的基础上,研究提出采砂实施管理的措施和建议.

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展重大国家战略促进西部大开发形成新格局,给黑山峡河段开发带来新机遇,研究新形势下的黑山峡河段开发功能定位与开发方案对河段开发具有重要意义.分析新形势下黑山峡河段开发功能定位,通过比较不同开发方案在满足河段开发功能需求、地质条件、淹没损失、环境影响、投资等方面的不同,认为"虎峡+大柳树"二级开发方案更优,可为河段开发方案决策作参考.

秦汉新城滩面治理项目对于提升城市文化品质,建设城市宜居水环境,促进西咸新区高质量发展具有积极意义.同时,滩面治理工程属于在河道管理范围内建设项目,对河道行洪具有一定影响.利用实测资料分析、数学模型计算等手段,根据项目区域河段的水文、泥沙特性、河道冲淤演变特性及河势变化特点等基本条件,结合项目设计方案、工程河段现状及规划水利工程的布设情况,依据《河道管理范围内建设项目防洪评价报告编制导则(试行)》中的相关内容、有关法律法规和相关技术规范,进行水文及洪水淹没计算,分析研究滩面治理工程对河道行洪安全的影响.

1999年10月小浪底水库投入运用至2017年4月黄河下游河道累计冲刷量达29亿t,已超出以往研究提出的下游河道最大冲刷量,河道持续冲刷对下游供水和灌溉带来了严重影响.分析了三门峡水库拦沙期、小浪底水库运用以来下游河道冲刷变化及其对水位、比降等的影响,采用冲刷极限状态法和数学模型计算,分别预估了未来下游河床可能最大冲刷深度,并提出工程设计推荐采用成果,相比小浪底水库投入前,下游花园口至利津河段沿程自上至下最大冲刷深度为5.01m～ 2.09m,考虑2015年汛前已有冲刷,未来仍可继续冲刷1.66 m～0.54 m.成果可为黄河下游引黄涵闸改建及涉河项目洪水影响评价提供参考.

After the construction of reservoirs at the middle reaches of the Yellow River main stream, the downstream river will generally undergo a sediment scour. During the operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir from October 1999 to April 2018, the accumulated sediment scour quantity reached 2.98 billion tons at lower reaches. At present, Xiaolangdi Reservoir is in its first stage of the late sediment storage period, and the reservoir will keep storing sediment, which will lead to further sediment scour at lower reaches. Based on the data measured at Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi reservoirs, the variation about sediment scour at lower reaches after the reservoirs were put into operation was analyzed. It shows that the closer to the dam is, the larger the sediment scour intensity (sediment scour quantity per unit river length) is, the decline in water level under the same discharge gradually decreases from the upper to lower along the river, the water surface slope at the river becomes small, and the bed material becomes coarsened. Through the calculation with the mathematical model for water and sediment, the future potential maximum depth of sediment scour in the river bed at lower reaches is predicted and the maximum depth of sediment scour along the section from Huayuankou to Lijin(lower reaches of the Yellow River) river reach since 2000 is promoted as 5.01m~2.09m. The research results can provide reference for the construction and reconstruction of the projects involved in lower reaches of the Yellow River.