Objective To study the correlation between the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of insulin effect and the inhibition to protein kinase C (PKC),nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway by observing the pathological changes and PKC,NF-κB expression in glomeruli of diabetic rats.Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control group (N group),diabetic group (DM group),insulin-treated group (INS group),metformin-treated group (MET group).The pathological changes of glomerular on the first 4 weeks,8 weeks were observed.PKC and NF-κB activity was measured by immunohistochemistry,and the expression changes in diabetic rat glomerular was studied.Results Blood glucose level of INS rats was lower than that of DM group and higher than that of ME group,but its glomerular PKC and NF-κB expression was significantly lower than that of the DM group and MET group. Conclusion The inhibition effect of insulin on PKC and NF-κB expression should be more due to its anti-inflammatory effect,and not rely on its hypoglycemic effect entirely.

Objective: To study the associations between manganese superoxide dismutase 9Ala/Val(MnSOD 9 Ala/Val) genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods: The ABI 3100 DNA sequencer was applied to identify the genotype of MnSOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms,and colorimeter was used to detect plasma activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) and MnSOD in 147 CHD patients and 108 controls.Results: Compared with that of controls,the plasma activity of T-SOD and MnSOD reduced obviously,while C-reaction protein(CRP) concentration and intima-medium thickness(IMT) in carotid artery increased markedly in CHD patients.There were more VV genotype and V allele of MnSOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms in CHD patients than in controls.The activity of plasma T-SOD and MnSOD decreased,while CRP and IMT increased in individuals with MnSOD 9 VV genotype compared in those with AA genotype,and MnSOD 9V allele correlated negatively with the activity of T-SOD,MnSOD and serum HDL level,positively with fasting plasma glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL,systolic blood pressure,IMT and CRP.Conclusion: The antioxidative ability decreased,while inflammatory reaction and degree of atherosclerosis increased in CHD patients.Gene polymorphisms of MnSOD 9 Ala/Val involves in the pathogenesis of CHD by influencing the plasma activities of T-SOD,MnSOD and risk factors of CHD.