笔者就宜宾水牛的现状开展了调研,测定了宜宾水牛的体尺,发现宜宾水牛存在存栏量少、品种退化、血缘杂乱等问题,针对以上问题提出了相应对策,旨在促进宜宾水牛资源保护和开发利用.

为研究发酵床养牛温室气体的排放特点,利用四因素三水平正交试验方法,检测模拟发酵床养殖肉牛过程中CO2、CH4和N2O气体的排放水平.结果表明:发酵床中CO2排放高峰期集中在发酵中期,N2O和CH4排放高峰期集中在发酵初期;影响发酵床温室气体排放总量的关键因素是微生物菌剂,其次是发酵床垫料的厚度、垫料翻抛频率和每日添粪重量.模拟发酵床养殖肉牛过程中温室气体的排放量随发酵时间的延长逐渐减少.在使用仰韶生酵剂、垫料厚度30 cm、翻抛周期15 d、牛粪日添加量3.06 kg时温室气体排放量最少.

[Objective] This study was conducted to perform harmless resourceful treatment to animal dung. [Method] With fresh cow dung, rabbit dung and bear dung as fermentation materials, the effects of different temperatures and initial pH values of materials on the biogas production process and biogas yield were investigated.[Result] The fermentation of cow dung, rabbit dung and bear dung all produced biogas, and the biogas yield was in positive correlation with carbon-nitrogen ratio. The methane-producing bacteria were very sensitive to the initial pH of fermentation material. The adjustment of the temperature and initial pH of fermentation materials had no greater effect on the gas production cycle, but could change the gas production process and total biogas yield. [Conclusion] This study will provide a data basis for the production of biogas from the fermentation of animal dung.