糖尿病胃轻瘫的发生与免疫、内分泌、代谢等途径异常,胰岛素抵抗、慢性炎症、免疫系统紊乱以致肠道菌群失调相关联."一气周流"理论重视健运中土,脾胃健运,木火左升,金水右降,则中气流转,百病不生.认为肠道菌群可集中反映脾胃功能,肠道内环境稳定是机体物质代谢的重要条件,肠道菌群失调,则中气逆乱,轮轴不运,气滞血瘀痰湿阻滞变生糖尿病胃轻瘫.治疗采取定中轴,调四轮,调畅人体中气周流,调节肠道微生态,促进胃肠排空,调整脏腑功能.

目的:探索中药方剂治疗糖尿病皮肤瘙痒症的用药规律,为临床组方用药提供参考.方法:运用中国知网、万方数据、维普期刊全文数据库检索中医药治疗糖尿病皮肤瘙痒症的文献,并对其进行筛选建立数据库,通过BM SPSS Modeler 18.0、SPSS Statistics 25.0进行数据挖掘,研究用药规律.通过检索中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、OMIM、Genecards、PharmGkb、Digsee数据库获得核心组方的有效成分及疾病靶点,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建"药物-有效成分-靶点-疾病"网络图,运用Stitch和String构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,并对于网络拓扑分析获得核心靶点.筛选DAVID数据库对核心靶点进行基因本体论(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析.结果:共纳入文献159篇,涉及中药处方215剂,获得高频中药24味,当归-白芍-防风、当归-白芍-生地黄、当归-白芍-蒺藜、当归-川芎等核心药对14组,聚类分析得到8类,通过因子分析获得9个公因子,核心组方有效成分功共169个,药物潜在靶点263个,疾病潜在靶点519个,核心靶点7个,共获得83条GO生富集功能及25条KEGG信号通路.结论:中医药治疗糖尿病皮肤瘙痒症以养血疏风、活血化瘀、补脾益肾为原则,其核心药物治疗本病多涉及胰岛素抵抗、炎症反应、氧化应激等.

本文旨在通过探讨中医药治疗糖尿病认知功能障碍的用药特点与规律,为临床用药提供新的参考.运用中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据(WF)、维普期刊全文数据库(VIP)、生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、及中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)检索自1999年1月至2020年10月收载的中医药治疗糖尿病认知功能障碍文献,经筛选后建立数据库,运用Microsoft Excel 2019、SPSS Modeler 18.0、SPSS Statistics 25.0软件进行数据挖掘,分析用药规律.通过检索TCM-SP、OMIM、TTD、Pharm Gkb和Drugbank数据库获得核心药物组合和疾病的有效活性成分,利用Cytoscape 3.8.0软件构建"化合物-靶点"作用网络图,运用Stitch和String构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,并通过Cytoscape进行网络拓扑分析获得药物和疾病交互的核心靶点.筛选DAVID数据库对核心靶点进行GO和KEGG富集分析.结果 共纳入文献33篇,中药处方123首,获得高频中药20味,桃仁-红花、当归-桃仁-川芎、熟地黄-菟丝子-枸杞子等26对核心药物组合,通过因子分析提取8个公因子,聚类分析得到6类,得到核心组方的有效活性成分109个,药物潜在基因靶点1620个,疾病潜在基因靶点1490个,核心组方治疗疾病的核心靶点76个,涉及237条GO富集功能和96条KEGG通路.发现中医治疗糖尿病认知功能障碍以活血化瘀、化痰开窍、滋益固肾为原则,其核心药物治疗糖尿病认知功能障碍的作用机制可能与胰岛素抵抗、细胞凋亡、炎症反应、内质网应激等密切相关.

运用实时无标记细胞分析系统(RTCA)和Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)法分别检测柴油废气颗粒物(DEP)致支气管上皮细胞(HBE)细胞毒性,从而对2种方法进行比较研究.分别以浓度为0、3.5、7、14、28和56 mg·L-1 2种柴油废气标准参考颗粒物(Standard Reference Material 1650b,SRM 1650b;Standard Reference Material 2975,SRM 2975)对 HBE 细胞进行暴露处理,分别暴露6、12、24和48 h后,检测不同DEP致HBE细胞毒性,比较各组之间细胞存活率或标准化细胞指数(normalized cell index,NCI)值的差异,考察2种方法的优缺点.并用细胞凋亡实验检测各差异组之间的凋亡率.在相同染毒浓度及暴露时间,与SRM 1650b相比,SRM 2975对HBE细胞的毒性更强.在RTCA检测DEP致HBE细胞毒性时,低浓度DEP组的NCI值已经表现出与对照组有统计学差异(P＜0.05),而相同时间条件下,CCK-8法在更高浓度的DEP组才检测出显著的细胞活性下降(P＜0.05).且由细胞凋亡实验证实,与对照组相比,低浓度DEP组的细胞凋亡率已经有统计学差异.相对于CCK-8法,RTCA更适用于检测DEP致贴壁HBE细胞毒性.CCK-8法更适用于检测DEP致悬浮细胞的细胞毒性或与气液暴露装置联用时的贴壁/悬浮细胞毒性.

Objective This paper aims to evaluate data reliability of the neurotoxic hazard assessment of glutamate and its salts and provide recommendations, as well as to improve toxicology data reliability assessment method (TRAM) via trial application. Methods TRAM was used to evaluate the reliability of 60 articles which were selected by the method of systematic review documentation retrieval. The evaluation was based on types of toxicological data involved in each paper (laboratory animal data or human data) and they were scored by reliability criteria. The quality percentage was obtained via calculations to judge reliability categories and give recommendations. It’s necessary to note that the evaluation of each paper was independently completed by two persons in related fields. Results After three rounds of evaluation, the reliability of 12 articles were evaluated as "high" and recommended for priority use. The reliability of 43 articles was rated as "moderate" and can be used. The reliability of 5 articles was evaluated as "low" and not recommended to use. Conclusion TRAM takes both reporting quality and methodological quality into consideration, especially including human data reliability evaluation method which is absent in the other toxicology data reliability assessment tools. TRAM is more suitable for food safety risk assessment. It provides a better objective and scientific guarantee for hazard identification and risk assessment.

Objective: To observe the effect of the thin backbone grains to filter fluoride and the influence factors.Methods: Compare the different absorb abilities and filtration capabilities among the tiny grains of three adsorbing materials bamboocharcoal,backbone carbon,active carbon) for Fl ion in the drinking water as well as the influences of the effects to absorb and filter Fl ion by different factors such as pH value,coagulator and so on.Results: The filtration capability for F1 of bone coal is better than the others.It is more effective to filter fluoride by using combined coal bone and coagulator rather than solely using the coal bone,but not as good as using both methods.It is better and faster that the effect for filtering fluoride in the tap water rather than in the distilled water.Conclusion: The thin bone char grains have the effect of removing fluoride to some extent;however,it takes about 90 min to be adsorbent and saturated,which there still is a certain distance to the practical application.