The modern keratotrtansplantology is characterized by annual increase of keratoplastic application. Besides, the issue of lacking of transplantation material is of major actuality for all countries and especially the Russian Federation. As a result, the rational application of donor tissue becomes an integral task of keratotranplantologist. The possibility of cutting out Descemet’s membrane with endothelium from end-to-end cornea disc of patient acquired during end-to-end keratoplastics to implement DMEK is demonstrated in vivo. The proposed source of transplant tissue is characterized by relative availability and higher density of endothelium cells. This kind of approach has no requirements in additional research studies, time and conservation of transplant tissue.

The bacterial and trophic ulcers of cornea are an actual problem of modern ophthalmology. The severe outcomes in the form of persistent corneal caligo, length of courses of therapeutic treatment without persevering remission, development of such severe complications as perforation substantiate the search of new methods of treatment of the mentioned pathology.

The bacterial and trophic ulcers of cornea are an actual problem of modern ophthalmology. The severe outcomes in the form of persistent corneal caligo, length of courses of therapeutic treatment without persevering remission, development of such severe complications as perforation substantiate the search of new methods of treatment of the mentioned pathology.

The most often applied operation in case of pathology of endothelium of cornea is the automated keratoma endothelial transplantation with descemetorexis. At the same time, surplus amount of stroma and uneven thickness of transplant limit the achievement of potential visual acuity. The development of laser femtosecond technologies made it possible to form transplants of symmetric profiles and desired thickness. Besides, the proofs exit concerning damage of epithelium under effect of femtolaser near the object. The article presents the primary experience and short-term results of endothelial keratoplasty using transplant formed with femtosecond laser LDV Z6 (Ziemer, Switzerland) from endothelium side. The surgery was applied to 6 patients including cases of end-to-end keratoplasty, with primary and secondary dystrophy, artiiridofaction, avitria and other concomitant pathology. The period of monitoring consisted 6 months. The effectiveness evaluated according presence of intraand post-surgery complications, recovery of transparence of cornea, evenness and thickness of transplant and density of endothelium cells. The recovery of transparency of cornea was achieved in all patients. During post-surgery period both full and partial separation of transplant occurred. The mean minimal thickness of transplants made up 76.6 mkm and mean maximal thickness — 93.3 mkm. The difference in thickness within the limits of single transplant among all grafts consisted 1720±162 kl/mm 2. It was first demonstration of clinical possibility and effectiveness of implementation of laser femtosecond endothelium kerartoplasty with formation of graft from endothelium side.

The article deals with the presentation of short-term results (6 months) of the first case of extraction of cataract and implantation of intraocular lens in patient with Descemet’s membrane transplant. The examination included visiometry, biomicroscopy, refractometry, endothelial microscopy, estimation of central thickness of cornea, optical coherent tomography, analysis on Scheimpflug-analyzer of front segment of eye and photo recording. The patient 53 years old, 6 months after repeated transplantation of Descemet’s membrane was applied phacoaspiration and implantation of intraocular lens because of development of steroid cataract and deterioration of vision. During the post-operational period, visual acuity increased up to 0.8. The impairment of cornea transparence and transplant conformity were not detected. The significant alterations in density of endothelium cells and central thickness of cornea as compared with pre-operation indicators were not established. For the first time implemented the extraction of cataract with implantation of intraocular lens applied to the eye with Descemet’s membrane transplant demonstrated the possibility of its secure implementation both for position of Descemet’s membrane and density of endothelium cells and for cornea transparence on the whole.

In the article modern tendencies of corneal collagen cross-linking in different types of ophthalmic pathology are presented. Changes in morphohistological pattern after cross-linking are described. Perspectives in treatment other corneal pathologies using collagen cross-linking are examined.

25 patients (25 eyes) one year after scleral buckle over regmatogenic retinal detachment was performed by the excimer laser vision correction LASIK. Clinical results have shown that the performance of LASIK after retinal detachment surgery is possible. Further studies will help to prove their efficacy and safety.

29 patients (36 eyes) with stage II-III of keratoconus undergoing was performed femtolaser implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segment (KERARING), at 6±1 months, an additional procedure is carried out krosslinkinga corneal. Clinical results have shown the efficacy and safety of combined treatment in patients with keratoconus.

Results of clinical and laboratory experimental research of cross-linking effect on corneal traumatic process is described. Histological and morphological aspects of nonpenetrating corneal injuries after corneal collagen cross-linking exposure on corneal wound in 1st and 7th day after trauma are performed.

Results of microinvasive descemetoplasty (microDMEK) are presented in 20 patients (21 eyes). The follow-up period was from 3 to 12 months. The surgery technique was performed. During the surgery marginal ruptures of Descemet's membrane, its partial injection into posterior chamber, its prolapse from anterior chamber and incarceration of Descemet's membrane in tunnel incision were observed. Central diastasis of Descemet's membrane occurred in 14%, its peripheral diastasis - in 24%. The transparency of the cornea was achieved in all cases. BCVA was 0.2 and higher during 14 postoperative days in 90% patients. In 15% patients BCVA was 0.9-1.0 in the first two postoperative days. In 1 month after microDMEK BCVA was more than 0.5 in 76% of patients. In 1 month maximal astigmatism of 4.5-5-5D was in 14%, 3.0-3.75D in 9 %, less than 1.5(D) in 90% of cases.Descemet's membrane grafting allows to use efficiently donor's tissue. Descemet's membrane transplantation excels endokeratoplasty in functional results, rates of rehabilitation, microinvasiveness and cost price. By authors opinion it is impossible to deny further research of this method because of its high availability