目的 了解粤北少数民族地区留守居民生存质量现状,探讨家庭功能与生存质量和抑郁的相关性.方法 2015年7～8月对广东省连南县少数民族地区314名留守居民,采用家庭功能评定量表(APGAR)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行问卷调查.结果 314名少数民族地区留守居民生存质量4个领域得分分别为生理领域(62.01±12.76)分,心理领域(60.44±12.13)分、社会关系领域(64.12±14.52)分、环境领域(53.84±13.63)分,综合健康状况自我评分为(78.81±12.55)分,家庭功能良好占65.92％(207/314),抑郁发生率18.48％(58/314),家庭功能与抑郁存在相关性(r=-0.155,P＜0.01);生理、心理领域生存质量得分已婚居民低于其他居民(P ＜0.05),农业劳动者低于非农业劳动者(P＜0.05),做生意居民低于其他收入来源居民但高于种田居民(P＜0.05),环境领域生存质量得分高收入居民高于低收入居民;年龄越大生存质量评分越低(P＜0.05).结论 粤北少数民族地区留守居民生存质量受到年龄、婚姻、职业和收入的影响,家庭功能与抑郁存在相关,良好的家庭功能可以减低抑郁的发生率,应重视家庭功能对留守居民心理健康的影响.

Objective To understand family function ,social support ,preoperative anxiety and depression status among elder‐ly operative patients ,and to explore their relationship .Methods 295 elderly preoperative patients were investigated by family AP‐GAR index (APGAR) ,social support rating scale (SSRS) ,self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self‐rating depression scale(SDS) , descriptive and inferential analysis .Results Among 295 elderly preoperative patients ,there were 208 people with good family func‐tion ,accounting for 70 .51% ,67 people with moderate disability family function ,accounting for 22 .71% ,and 20 people with severe disability family function ,accounting for 6 .78% ;The total score of social support was 40 .42 ± 9 .03 and the scores of subjective support was 23 .32 ± 5 .42 ,objective support with 9 .45 ± 3 .73 and support availability with 7 .65 ± 1 .86 ;152 people were preoper‐ative anxiety ,accounting for 51 .53% ,98 people were preoperative depression ,accounting for 33 .22% .The rate of anxiety and de‐pression good family function group was lower than a family dysfunction group(P<0 .05) .The incidence of depression high social support group is higher than low group (P<0 .05);Among the scores of social support ,subjective support ,objective support and support availability ,we find that patients with family well‐functioning group was higher than patients with family dysfunction group (P<0 .05) .Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that influence factors of preoperative psychological abnormality had educa‐tion level ,whether the tumor diseases ,the total score of social support and family functioning condition .Conclusion Elderly preop‐erative patients have anxiety and depression to a certain extent .The anxiety and depression of patients were related to the family function and social support .We Should pay attention to the effect of farmily function and social support on mental health of elderly patients with operation ,and effective use .

Objective To explore depression status in preoperative patients and its influence factors, and provide theoretical basis for psychological intervention. Methods A total of 734 preoperative patients were investigated by self-rating depression scale(SDS). Results Among the 734 patients, there were 558(76.02%) without depression,162(22.07%) of mild depression, 12(1.63%) of moderate depression, and 2(0.27%) of severe depression. The incidence of depression was 24.00%. Single factor analysis showed that gender, age, education level, career, income level,payment ways, smoking, and drug were correlated with depression among preoperative patients(P0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, income level and smoking were the influence factor of depression in preoperative patients. Conclusion The main influence factors of depression for preoperative patients are gender, age, income level and smoking, which should be paid attention to by medical staff and family in order to reduce the incidence of depression.

目的 了解手术病人术前焦虑现状及其影响因素.方法 2014年5月至2015年2月,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对734例术前病人进行问卷调查.结果 734例手术病人术前无焦虑463例(63.08％),轻度焦虑234例(31.88％),中度焦虑33例(4.50％),重度焦虑4例(0.54％),焦虑总发生率36.92％.焦虑的发生与性别[0.63(0.45～0.88)]、年龄[1.63(1.28～2.07)]、职业[2.07(1.26～3.41)]、月收入水平[0.69(0.51～0.93)]等因素相关.结论 手术病人术前存在一定程度的焦虑情绪,且受多方面因素的影响,应引起医护人员及家人的关注,降低其术前焦虑的发生率.