Flood disasters are the common public health emergencies,mainly leading to environmental damage,water pollution,food pollution,vector breeding,infectious disease epidemic and other risk factors of sanitary and anti-epidemic work.The guideline has been formulated with reference to the technical documents such as Guideline for Environmental Sanitation Disposal and Preven-tive Disinfection in Flooded Areas and Technical Proposal for Sanitary and Anti-epidemic Measures after Flood Disasters,as well as the latest research progress at home and abroad.In order to guide the sanitary and anti-epidemic measures in flooded areas,protect the health and safety of students and teachers and ensure the normal educational and teaching order,the guideline introduces the key measures that should be taken by schools,teachers and students in flood-striken areas.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during omicron epidemic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 26 to December 31, 2022 among COVID-19 patients from all community health service centers in 16 districts of Beijing municipality selected by multi-stage stratified cluster quota sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the basic information, vaccination doses, results of nucleic acid or antigen tests of all subjects. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the doses of COVID-19 vaccination: the non-vaccination group, the 1, 2, 3 and 4 doses vaccination group. The relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results:A total of 10 506 COVID-19 cases were included in the study with the age of (43.3±13.7) years. The duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was longer than 7 days in 59.4%(276/465), 51.5%(67/130), 50.6%(355/701), 46.1% (3 464/7 520) and 39.2%(662/1 690) of non-vaccination, and 1, 2, 3, 4 dose vaccination groups, respectively ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with non-vaccination patients, the vaccination dose was an independent protective factor for duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests>7 days, and the OR values were 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9, P=0.015), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.8, P<0.001) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4-0.6, P<0.001) for 2, 3 and 4 doses of vaccination, respectively. Conclusion:The vaccination doses are independently related to the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in COVID-19 patients and the risk is gradually decreases with the increasing vaccination doses.

Objective:To understand the status of knowledge, attitude and practice of metabolic syndrome(MS) among the elderly in the community and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of MS.Methods:From January 2021 to August 2021, permanent residents(residence duration ≥6 months)aged 65 and above with regular health check examination in Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center of Fengtai District, Beijing were investigated using self-designed MS knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire.After excluding 34 incomplete questionnaires, the 491 valid questionnaires were recycled with questionnaire valid percentage of 93.5%(491/525). The survey results were analyzed by descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and multiple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression.Results:The scores of MS knowledge, attitude and practice of the elderly in the community were 7(5, 10), 9(8, 10)and 19(18, 21)respectively.The correct answer rate of the diagnostic criteria of MS components was less than 50%.The score of knowledge about MS in the elderly was positively correlated with the scores of attitudes( r=0.263)and practice( r=0.134)(all P<0.01). The results of univariate and multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, attending educational lectures and the prevalence of MS were the influencing factors of MS knowledge score(all P<0.05). Leisure time, attending educational lectures, pre-retirement occupation and regular health check examination were the influencing factors for MS attitude score(all P<0.05); attending educational lectures, leisure time, regular health check examination and pre-retirement occupation were the influencing factors for MS practice score(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The elderly in the community have a low level of knowledge about the components and diagnostic criteria of MS, but have a positive attitude and practice towards the prevention and treatment of MS.The level of knowledge, attitude and practice of MS is affected by health education lectures, occupation, regular health check examination and other factors.Health education on the diagnostic criteria and the awareness of disease prevention for the elderly in the community should be strengthened to improve the levels of the knowledge, attitude and practice of MS.

《儿童少年卫生学》(简称《儿少卫生学》)是预防医学的重要组成部分,开展实验技能考核具有重要意义.学生对技能考核的支持态度是影响教学改革的重要因素,目前关于预防医学本科生对《儿少卫生学》实验技能考核的支持意愿未见报道,通过设计问卷并利用相应量表对预防医学本科生开展实验技能考核支持意愿调查以及学习观、学习动机、自我效能、学习效能的测量,发现预防医学本科生对于《儿少卫生学》实验技能考核支持度较高,高效的学习效能、积极的学习动机和良好的学习过程有助于学生支持技能考核.因此《儿少卫生学》技能考核改革应注重激发学生学习动机,提升学习效能和学生对实验技能考核的支持度.