Биологический возраст в последние годы привлекает всё большее внимание исследований, и, прежде всего, при изучении процессов старения для дифференциации видов или типов старения по количественным величинам. Поэтому изучение ассоциации биологического возраста с ДР при СД 2-го типа актуально. Цель исследования – изучение корреляционных связей биологического и хронологического возраста с диабетической ретинопатией. Исследование проведено среди пациентов 45-59 лет с ДР при СД 2-го типа, проходивших стационарное обследование и лечение. У включенных в исследование 435 пациентов фиксировался хронологический возраст, а затем рассчитывался биологический возраст по методике Войтенко В.П. и др. с учётом гендерной принадлежности. При корреляционном анализе соотношения биологического возраста и параметров хронологического возраста в группе пациентов зрелого возраста с наличием ДР вследствие СД 2-го типа выявлена средняя корреляционная связь – r=+0,428 (p<0,01) с репрезентативным 95% доверительным интервалом. Между параметрами биологического возраста представителей с диабетическим осложнением со стороны органа зрения в зрелом возрасте и должного биологического возраста коэффициент корреляции составил r=-0,476 (p<0,05). При изучении соотношения между календарным возрастом и параметром должного биологического возраста корреляционным методом выявлено, что оно характеризуется слабой обратной и недостоверной корреляцией с коэффициентом корреляции, равным r=-0,114 (p>0,05) среди пациентов с развившимся диабетическим осложнением со стороны органа зрения Biological age has attracted increasing research attention in recent years, and, above all, in the study of aging processes to differentiate the types or types of aging by quantitative values. Therefore, the study of the association of biological age with DR in type 2 diabetes is relevant. The aim of the study is to study the correlations of biological and chronological age with diabetic retinopathy. The study was conducted among patients aged 45-59 years with DR in type 2 diabetes who underwent inpatient examination and treatment. The chronological age was recorded in 435 patients included in the study, and then the biological age was calculated according to the Voitenko V.P. et al. method, taking into account gender. The correlation analysis of the ratio of biological age and chronological age parameters in the group of mature patients with the presence of DR due to type 2 diabetes revealed an average correlation - r=+0.428 (p<0.01) with a representative 95% confidence interval. The correlation coefficient between the parameters of the biological age of representatives with diabetic complications from the organ of vision in adulthood and the proper biological age was r=-0.476 (p<0.05). When studying the relationship between calendar age and the parameter of proper biological age, the correlation method revealed that it is characterized by a weak inverse and unreliable correlation with a correlation coefficient equal to r=-0.114 (p>0.05) among patients with a developed diabetic complication from the organ of vision

Laboratory data, especially a general blood test, play an important role in the treatment of infectious diseases, including COVID-19. However, in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and COVID-19, a general blood test is rarely analyzed and is insufficient to fully assess an impact of the new coronavirus infection on patients with cardiac diseases. The aim of the study was to analyze a COVID-19 effect on hemogram parameters in the early recovery period of patients with coronary heart disease. The study was performed at the Kursk City Clinical Hospital for Emergency Medical Care in the years 2021–2022, which involved 58 mature-aged patients (45–59 years old) suffering from coronary heart disease who had a new coronavirus infection and 62 elderly patients suffering from coronary heart disease alone. Morning blood sampling was carried out from the forearm superficial veins into Vacutainer test tubes added with a coagulation activator. In elderly patients, 3–4 weeks after recovery, significant changes in red blood parameters persisted — a decline in the level of peripheral blood erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Elderly patients with coronary heart disease comorbid with a moderate new coronavirus infection, 3–4 weeks later had also higher count of leukocytes, neutrophils, segmented neutrophils and ESR level relative to comparison group. It should be noted that in the early convalescence period elderly patients with coronary heart disease and COVID-19 had significantly elevated ESR, which confirms ongoing sustained inflammatory process. After evaluating the information content according to the calculated Kullback informativeness assessment for analyzed general blood test parameters, it was found to peak for platelet and leukocyte counts as well as ESR level. Thus, among the analyzed indicators in the general blood test, it turned out that platelet and leukocyte count along with ESR level were most informative and of prognostic significance during early convalescent period of elderly patients with coronary heart disease comorbid with a new coronavirus infection, which are proposed to be used as biomarkers of early convalescent period.

Диабетическая ретинопатия (ДР) является наиболее частой причиной слепоты у людей трудоспособного и пожилого возраста во всем мире. В мире по данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения сахарным диабетом страдают 67,9 миллиона человек. В Российской Федерации заболеваемость ДР остаётся на высоком уровне в различных регионах страны.Цель исследования – анализ заболеваемости диабетической ретинопатии и сахарным диабетом в Тамбовской области и Российской Федерации в период с 2016 по 2021 год. По данным медицинской статистики и статистических сборников за 2016-2021 гг. была изучена распространённость ДР и СД в базовом регионе в возрасте 40-44 лет, 45-50 лет, 51-59 лет, 60-74 лет, 75 лет и старше в перерасчёте на 100 000 человек соответствующего возраста. Сравнение первичной заболеваемости СД 2-го типа среди взрослых жителей Российской Федерации за 2016-2021 гг. показало статистически значимое (p<0,05) снижение первичной заболеваемости СД 2-го типа в стране. Использование первичных данных о заболеваемости СД 2-го типа взрослого населения Российской Федерации выявило в первые годы исследуемого периода её неуклонное повышение и особенно в 2018 г., когда величина интенсивного показателя достигла экстремума со статистически достоверным различием по отношению к 2016 г. и 2017 г. (р<0,001). Неблагоприятная тенденция в распространённости ДР при СД 2-го типа в базовой территории получила отражение и при использовании метода расчёта групповой средней. Полученные результаты показывают статистически значимое повышение распространённости ДР в исследуемом временном периоде Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common cause of blindness in people of working age and the elderly worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, 67.9 million people suffer from diabetes worldwide. In the Russian Federation, the incidence of DR remains at a high level in various regions of the country. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes mellitus in the Tambov region and the Russian Federation in the period from 2016 to 2021. According to medical statistics and statistical collections for 2016-2021. The prevalence of DR and DM in the base region was studied at the age of 40-44 years, 45-50 years, 51-59 years, 60-74 years, 75 years and older in terms of 100,000 people of the corresponding age. A comparison of the primary incidence of type 2 diabetes among adults in the Russian Federation for 2016-2021 showed a statistically significant (p<0,05) decrease in the primary incidence of type 2 diabetes in the country. The use of primary data on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the adult population of the Russian Federation revealed a steady increase in the first years of the study period, and especially in 2018, when the magnitude of the intensive indicator reached an extreme with a statistically significant difference compared to 2016 and 2017 (p<0,001). The unfavorable trend in the prevalence of DR in type 2 diabetes in the base area was also reflected when using the method of calculating the group average. The results obtained show a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of DR in the studied time period

In the present work, polypyrrole (PPy)-manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanocomposite based microwave absorber for studying the effect of the radiation on the modification of the patient's functional state is reported. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are used to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. Recently, new microwave-based imaging and hyperthermia applications have emerged in the field of diagnostics and therapy. This technology involves the application of low power microwaves, utilising contrast between the relative permittivity of tissues to identify pathologies. This contrast can be further enhanced through the implementation of nanomaterials. For therapy, this technology can be applied in tissues either through hyperthermia. Nanomaterials can absorb electromagnetic radiation and can enhance the microwave hyperthermic effect. Microwave generators of super-low intensity in the centimeter wavelength range at a power level not exceeding 1 mu W/cm(2) have been successfully used in experimental and clinical medicine. In the present work, we have implemented a project aimed at the development of a modular-type technical system designed to generate microwave radiation with specified properties. This article presented the electrophysiological efficiency of super-low intensity radiation in the centimeter range of wavelengths modulated by low-frequency signals similar to the EEG rhythm with cyclical variability of the duty cycle.

Arterial hypertension (AH) is among the life-threatening diseases and requires permanent antihypertensive therapy, including telmisartan. However, the effect of telmisartan upon systemic interleukin profile in elderly hypertensive patients requires further study, due to the limited data on previously analyzed interleukins. The aim of our study was to evaluate the immune pleiotropic effect of telmisartan upon miultiple pro- and anti-inflammatory blood interleukins in the patients with hypertension. The study included examination of 74 patients aged 60-74 years suffering from hypertension treated with telmisartan (80 mg/day in the morning time). The immune response to telmisartan assessed by the blood contents of different interleukins was evaluated following 6 months of treatment. These markers were determined by flow cytometry using “Becton Dickinson FACS Canto 2” device (USA). The pleiotropic immune effect of telmisartan upon the interleukin profile in hypertensive patients aged 60-74 was established by statistically significant changes in multiple pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory interleukins. Following 6 months of telmisartan therapy, the patients with arterial hypertension have shown a statistically significant decrease in blood cytokines, i.e., IL-1 в was reduced to 8.1±0.6 pg/ml vs initial 10.5±0.8 pg/ml; IL-2, to 8.6±0.8 pg/ml vs initial 11.8±1.1 pg/ml; IL-6, to 18.4±0.5 pg/ml vs initial 21.2±0.7 pg/ml; IL-8, to 3.5±0.6 pg/ml vs 5.4±0.5 pg/ml. We have also revealed a statistically significant decrease of blood TNFα levels to 5.3±0.5 pg/ml versus initial 6.8±0.4 pg/ml in the elderly patients with hypertension after 6 months of antihypertensive therapy with telmisartan. Moreover, the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic interleukins and, especially, IL-4 showed an increase from 4.6±0.5 pg/ml to 7.0±0.6 pg/ml in the course of telmisartan therapy in these patients. In summary, one may suggest that telmisartan exerts a significant immune pleiotropic effect in the patients with hypertension, confirmed by the systemic changes of interleukin contents. The pleiotropic effects of telmisartan have been established in patients with arterial hypertension, expressed as a significant decrease in IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα levels, along with increased IL-4 and IL-10 contents. The results obtained showed a significant pleiotropic effect of telmisartan in the patients with arterial hypertension upon several interleukins, thus expanding the role of immune inflammation in this disorder, as well as its reversal with telmisartan therapy.

Губкинский филиал Белгородского государственного технологического университета имени В.Г.Шухова, Губкин Данная статья посвящена анализу передовых научных исследований роли сверхнизко интенсивного СВЧвоздействия на биологические объекты в виде стволовых клеток.Научную работу выполнила трансляционная группа исследователей, включающая врачей, биологов, инженеров, радиофизиков и программистов.Разработанный аппарат Synchropulsar AQUA использовался как источник сверхнизкой интенсивности <10 мкВт электоромагнитного микроволнового излучения в диапазоне 1 ГГц.Экспериментальные исследования реализовали в течение 9 дней.Культуральные флаконы опытной группы с мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками (МСК) ежедневно в течение 15 минут подвергались микроволновому облучению.После завершения эксперимента проводили оценку пролиферации клеток с подсчетом количества клеток при помощи счетчика клеток Scepter 2.0, с наконечниками 40 мкм (фирма «Millipore», Merck/Sigma-Aldrich, США).Исследование митохондриальной активности проводили при помощи флуоресцентного микроскопа Nikon Ti -S, предварительно добавив к культуре клеток красный флуоресцентный краситель MitoTracker™ Red CMXRos.Было установлено снижение количества МСК в опытных группах по сравнению с контролем.В контроле было выявлено 3,1х10 6 кл/мл, в режиме низкочастотной биомодуляции -2,5х10 6 кл/мл; в режиме непрерывной генерации -2,1 х 10 6 клеток/мл.Оценка интенсивности флуоресценции показала, что активность митохондрий выше в опытной группе при облучении в режиме биомодуляции -12,40 усл.ед.(у.е.).При использовании режима непрерывной генерации активность митохондрий составила 9,33 у.е.В контрольной группе активность митохондрий составила 10,74 у.е

Background. The development of myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with the lipid and hemostatic disorders, which are not fully investigated in patients with senile asthenia syndrome (SAS).Objective. To analyze changes in the lipidogram and hemostasis system in elderly patients with MI, hypertension (HTN), depending on the severity of SAS.Design and methods. Indicators of lipid metabolism and hemostasis system were studied in patients aged 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN (n = 80); 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN with senile preasthenia (SP); 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN and SAS in the period from 2 to 4 days after MI onset. The diagnosis of MI without ST segment elevation was established based on the criteria of the European Society of Cardiology, HTN was diagnosed in accordance with the “National Recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology”, SAS — according to the criteria of L.P. Fried. The study of lipid metabolism indicators performed on the analyzer “KoneLab 300” and “PersonalLab”, hemostasis systems — with the use of reagents “Technology Standard”.Results. In elderly patients with MI, HTN and SP, the level of triglycerides is significantly higher compared to those without senile asthenia (1,8 ± 0,04 vs. 1,4 ± 0,03 mmol/l), low-density lipoproteins (4,2 ± 0,07 vs. 3,6 ± 0,05 mmol/l), antithrombin III activity (105,8 ± 2,2 vs. 97,4 ± 2,3%), plasminogen activator inhibitor (291,5 ± 3,8 vs. 275,2 ± 3,6 ng/ml). With the progression of senile transformation into SAS, these changes in patients 60–74 years old with MI, HTN are aggravated, and especially changes in apoliprotein-A1, leptin, very low density lipoproteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor, in globulin-dependent fibrinolysis, which indicates a negative effect of SAS on lipidogram and hemostasis indicators.Conclusions. The changes in lipidogram and hemostasis indicators should be taken into account in the management of elderly patients with MI, HTN and SAS symptoms, they should be also considered as predictors of the MI outcomes.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. However, the allostatic load in breast cancer patients has not been sufficiently studied. Objective: to study the allostatic load in middle-aged and elderly patients with breast cancer. Material and methods. The study included 65 middle-aged and 60 elderly patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer and 45 people aged 60-74 years, who had no breast cancer. The allostatic load was studied in these three groups according to the level: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low density lipoproteins, glucose, albumins and waist circumference. Results. The allostatic load score was significantly higher in elderly breast cancer patients than in middle-aged breast cancer patients (4.3 ± 0.3 points versus 2.9 ± 0.2 points, p<0.01). In addition, the allostatic load score in the middle-aged patients with breast cancer was significantly higher (2.7 ± 0.2 points) than in people of the same age, who had no breast cancer (1.6 ± 0.1 points). In elderly patients, the allostatic load score was also significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in people without breast cancer (4.3 ± 0.3 points and 2.9 ± 0.2 points, respectively; p<0.001). Significant differences in the allostatic load parameters, such as the levels of total cholesterol (5.8 ± 1.3 mmol/l versus 4.0 ± 0.8 mmol/l), and albumin (45.1 ± 7.4 % versus 61.4 ± 7.6 %) were found between breast cancer patients aged 60-74 years and people of an identical age, who had no breast cancer. statistically significant differences in allostatic load biomarkers, such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood levels of triglycerides and glucose, and waist circumference were found between elderly patients with breast cancer and age controls (without breast cancer). The content of triglycerides in the blood of patients aged 60-74 years with breast cancer was 1.8 times higher than that in patients of the same age with no breast cancer (p<0.001). The blood glucose level was significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in the age controls (5.8 ± 1.2 g/l versus 4.4 ± 1.1 g/l, p<0.01). Conclusion. The allostatic load and its variables should be used as biomarkers of increased risk of breast cancer.

Introduction. Despite the increase in the specific weight of bronchopulmonary dysplasia among children, its true incidence is unknown. The ratio of the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and associated prematurity remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to analyze the ratio of the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and prematurity and to predict their dynamics. Material and methods. According to official data, 469 cases of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the frequency of prematurity in 2012-2017 were studied with the use of a continuous retrospective method. The Brown method’s calculation of the absolute growth, growth rate, growth rate, and forecasting was carried out. The results of the study. An increase in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children occurs simultaneously with an increase in the frequency of prematurity. However, the indices of the growth rate and growth rate of prematurity outstrip those of the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the absolute increase in bronchopulmonary dysplasia is significantly higher than for the frequency of prematurity. Short-term prognosis indicates an increase in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the frequency of prematurity. Conclusion. Indices of the dynamics and prognostic estimates of the incidence of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and prematurity should be taken into account when managing specialized medical care.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is among the main public health challenges worldwide, leading to significant labor losses, increased costs for treatment and rehabilitation of the patients. The aim of the present study was to identify the informative serum interleukins, by determining the odds ratio in elderly patients with MS and hypertension. The main group of 86 patients with MS and arterial hypertension (AH) aged 60-75 years was examined under clinical conditions. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age of 60-75 years, presence of MS, primary hypertension (grade II-III), absence of acute myocardial infarction, malignant neoplasms, disorders of cerebral circulation, kidney failure over last 6 months. Diagnostics of MS and hypertension was carried out in accordance with Expert Guidelines from the Russian Research Society of Cardiology on the MS Diagnosis and Treatment. Our first study of a large range of serum interleukins in elderly patients with MS and hypertension allowed us to reveal the inversely directed changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine contents. Combined AH/MS in elderly persons is accomplished by sufficient increase of the most proinflammatory cytokines, and vice versa, by significant decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood serum. This finding clearly points to importance of immunological regulatory systems for initiation of AH with MS at older age. Pro- and anti-inflammatory serum interleukins are actively involved into the AH/MS development in elderly accompanied by their pronounced imbalance. The mentioned immune reactions could underlie the MS/AH condition. High risk of this disorder is connected with changed production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1β), like as anti-inflammatory serum interleukins (IL-4, IL-10), with predominance of the former. The above interleukins should be considered dominant diagnostic markers of AH/MS in elderly persons. Measurement of serum interleukins and discriminant-based approach allows highly reliable differentiation of elderly patients with AH/MS from similar individuals without this disorder.

According to the results of a survey of 76 patients in malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and 30 nearly healthy individuals found that the most informative in the diagnostic of this pathology have IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase. These indicators of cytokine profile and antioxidant systems in malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by the presence of a significant number of reliable intersystem relations. Development in malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract is accompanied by increased intra-conjugacy parameters of various interleukins and antioxidant systems.

Ovarian cancer is a common pathology in the structure of tumors among elderly women. The aim of the work is to identify the leading indicators of interleukin profile to improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the elderly. Enzyme immunoassay studied serum levels of interleukins in 78 patients with ovarian cancer stage IIB-IIIB according to the classification of FIGO at the age of 65-70 years and 42 women of similar age without ovarian cancer at the time of the study and in history. The differentiation of the compared groups is carried out by means of discriminant method. The leading diagnostic interleukins for ovarian cancer in the elderly are IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α. The constructed discriminant models allow to differentiate patients with ovarian cancer and control women with an accuracy of 93.2-93.8%. The use of enzyme immunoassay and discriminant analysis improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the elderly.

Parameters of peripheral blood and systemic immunity were studied in 72 patients with an acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of jaws. An increased shift in the absolute number of lymphocytes, percentage of band neutrophils, erythrocyte sedimentation rate on the background of decreased absolute number of T-lymphocytes, T-helper cells, T-suppressors and the relative number of T-suppressors in peripheral blood have been detected. A mathematical model predicting the development of phlegmon in acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws was created by the regression method using the indicators of the shift in the parameters of peripheral blood.

This report discusses the employment of the electrical characteristics of biologically active points (BAP) in the meridian of the heart to solve the task of prognosticating recurrence of myocardial infarctions during the rehabilitation period using fuzzy decision rules. Employment of only the electrical characteristics of informative BAP was found to provide a reliability level of greater than 0.85 in decision-making, with a significant uncertainty zone. If additional features characterizing long-term psychoemotional tension − lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity − are included, the reliability of prognoses of recurrence of myocardial infarction during remission reaches 0.95.

The article deals with a comparative analysis of the efficiency of an artificial neural network (ANN) trained with the help of algorithm back propagation, and of that trained by combining a back propagation algorithm and a variant of Cauchy stochastic training, in detecting the degree of activity of an autonomous nervous system. For the purposes realization of the project has been developed a biotechnical system, including technical device for input electrophysiological information in mode on-line. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the classification, records of interpulse intervals in 139 healthy students of Belgorod State University have been analyzed. All of them were part of the same age and social group from 17 to 24 years old. In practice, the ANN training algorithm using the back error propagation method enabled a correct recognition of 96.0% of the samples. The analysis of the clinical effectiveness of combining the back error propagation algorithm with Cauchy stochastic training showed that 100% samples were detected correctly both: as in training statistical samples so and in examination sampling. Classification errors amounted to 0 %.

The ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis are among leading pathologies of female's sexual sphere and a main cause of morbidity and mortality of female population. The purpose of study was to select leading differential diagnostic indices of systemic cellular immunity and to carry out a differentiation of patients with ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis using discriminant technique. The differentiated diagnostic of ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis was applied to 92 and 87 patients correspondingly to indices of systemic cellular immunity and analyzed by flow cytometry technique. It is demonstrated that the main differential diagnostic indices of systemic cellular immunity in case of ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis are decreasing of relative content of natural killers, absolute number of B-lymphocytes and T-helpers. The developed discriminant models permit to carry out in 91.8%-92.1% cases a faultless differentiated diagnostic of ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis. The approach like that increases quality of differentiated diagnostic of ovary cancer and chronic salpingoophoritis.