Purpose. The aim of the study was to identify the technical and tactical models of competitive performance of para-armwrestlers with cerebral palsy (CP) and spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as to establish the most informative indicators of physical intelligence (PQ) in these groups of athletes. Materials & Methods. The study involved 16 qualified para-armwrestlers (n=16; age 21–40 years), who were divided into two groups: CP (n=8) and SCI (n=8). The study employed a comparative observational cross-sectional design in accordance with the STROBE recommendations. Competitive activity was assessed using video analysis (320 matches). Physical intelligence (PQ) was operationalized as an integrative ability that reflects sensorimotor regulation, coordination, stabilization, and adaptive implementation of force-related actions. PQ was assessed using five tests: isometric force stability, proprioceptive control accuracy, sensorimotor response speed, strength endurance, and technical efficiency. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test; the effect size was determined by the r coefficient. Results. Statistically significant differences were found between groups for most PQ components. Athletes with SCI demonstrated better performance in sensorimotor response speed (U=3.0; p=0.003; r=0.74) and strength endurance (U=5.0; p=0.008; r=0.67). Conversely, athletes with cerebral palsy had lower accuracy of proprioceptive control (U=4.0; p=0.005; r=0.71) and stability of isometric effort (U=6.0; p=0.012; r=0.63). No statistically significant differences in technical efficiency were found (U=16.0; p=0.226; r=0.30). Analysis of competitive activity showed different technical and tactical models: stabilizing (protective) in athletes with cerebral palsy and dynamic attacking in athletes with SCI. SCI athletes performed more attacks per match (4.1±0.9 vs. 1.6±0.5), while athletes with cerebral palsy demonstrated higher performance (72% vs. 48%). Conclusions. The findings indicate that in para-arm wrestling, physical intelligence has a specific structure. Athletes with SCI are more dependent on the manifestation of speed-strength components, while for athletes with cerebral palsy, stabilization and proprioceptive control are key. This justifies the need to individualize the training process taking into account functional limitations and confirms the feasibility of using the concept of physical intelligence as an integrative approach in adaptive sports. The obtained data have practical significance for optimizing the training of para-arm wrestlers and can be used in the development of differentiated training programs.

Introduction. A characteristic trend development modern sport is increasing cases of trauma, associated with high performance requirements and acute competition in the international arena. In this regard, the prevention of injuries is considered as one of the most acute problems in the training of athletes. The problem of injuries is of particular importance in acrobatics, an integral part of which are complex acrobatic elements, supports, stands , throws, flights, catches, landing on the shoulders and arms of partners, etc. It is known that injuries are easier to prevent than to treat. To do this, coaches and athletes must actively work on the prevention and control of injuries, carefully studying and analyzing injuries, their causes and conditions of occurrence. The aim of the study is to analyze and find out the causes of injuries in acrobatic athletes and the factors that cause them. Material and methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature and the Internet resources; sociological research (surveys), and methods of mathematical statistics. The anonymous survey was attended by 26 acrobatic athletes and 18 coaches, whose experience in acrobatics was at least three years. Results. Analysis of the results of the conducted study aimed at clarifying the characteristics of injuries in sports acrobatics revealed that the majority of athletes ( 80%) strive for high sports achievements, indicating that the main goal for them is to obtain sports titles: CMS, MS and MSIC. The vast majority of surveyed athletes (60%) indicate a deterioration in their health as a result of training, which they associate with injuries of varying severity (bruises, fractures, concussions, spinal injuries, sprains, etc.). Their According to the opinion, the causes of injuries are ineffective warm-up, poor health during training, high physical exertion, unprofessionalism of the coach, insufficient physical, technical and psychological preparation of the athlete and his inattention, inadequate technical conditions of the gym and other factors. The study also found that 89% of coaches had athletes receive injuries, but most of them were minor and almost all coaches (95%) have knowledge and skills of first aid. Conclusions. The results of the study provided information on: the causes of injuries; the nature, types, and number of injuries that acrobats receive during sports activities; the impact of professional sports on the musculoskeletal system and the health of athletes.

The article discusses modern information technologies that can be used in the training process of gymnasts for the purposeful development of flexibility - one of the most important physical qualities, the level of which significantly affects technical skill and success in gymnastics. Flexibility is crucial when performing gymnastic elements that require large amplitude and control over the body. The possibilities of using the MyoMOTION system are highlighted, which allows for detailed analysis of movements and angles of flexion and extension of joints, helps create individual programs for developing flexibility taking into account the characteristics of each athlete, provides objective monitoring of progress, stimulates motivation and helps the coach optimize training loads. The potential of virtual reality (VR) technologies is considered, which create an interactive virtual environment with digital twins of athletes. This allows gymnasts to see their own mistakes in real time and receive visual and audio cues for correcting the technique of performing exercises to develop flexibility, which increases the effectiveness and safety of training. The role of online platforms (Peloton, Zoom, YouTube) that provide access to specialized programs and video lessons on developing flexibility is highlighted, which allows athletes to maintain regular training, even in remote conditions. The possibilities of using artificial intelligence are also considered, which, using machine learning algorithms, can analyze individual movement data, predict training results and personalize the load for the most effective development of flexibility. Therefore, the above technologies can be comprehensively implemented in the training process of gymnasts for the high-quality and safe development of flexibility and other motor qualities.

Тhe analysis of special literature showed that in each Olympic cycle, due to changes in competition rules and development trends of artistic gymnastics, female athletes continuously increase the complexity of programs, which primarily occurs due to the improvement of technical training. That is why experts, scientists and coaches attach great importance to this direction of the training process and are looking for effective ways to improve it through the subject training of female athletes, where special attention is paid to exercises with a rope, as a basic component of training at the initial stage of training. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the article analyzes the opinion of coaches regarding the importance of using rope exercises in the educational and training process in rhythmic gymnastics. The factors that are essential in the process of mastering exercises with a rope have been established, namely: a favorable age for starting training with a rope; the physical qualities they develop; injury hazard of these exercises. Exercises that are effective for improving technical training in rope exercises have been identified.

Many scientists in the field of history of physical culture, sports and the Olympic movement are concerned with the philosophy of modern Olympism and its main principles. The article focuses on the fact that the foundations of modern Olympism were laid at the end of the 19th century by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, the initiator of the revival of the Olympic Games. It was he who first proposed the philosophical doctrine of Olympism, based on universal moral principles. Pierre de Coubertin believed that Olympism was due to his humanistic potential combines sport with culture and education, serves as a worldview and axiological basis for the upbringing of the younger generation. Ancient Greek philosophers understood that physical perfection, strength and health only in combination with spiritual and moral qualities and education through exercises and competitions formed a perfect personality. Pierre de Coubertin, having drawn inspiration from the Ancient Olympic Games and the principles of the Greek education system, was convinced that the philosophy that created Greek culture can serve the development of modern humanity. Today, Olympism has the status of universal value and is an important factor of culture in general and sports culture in particular. But, as it turned out, athletes on different continents perceive the philosophy of modern Olympism in different ways. Pole dance, a relatively new sport that is rapidly developing and gaining popularity all over the world, particularly in Ukraine, was chosen for the study. The impetus for the study was the fact that Cathy Coates, the founder of the international Pole dance federation, together with supporters of this bright sport, are fighting for it to be included in the Olympic Games program. As a result of the analysis of the extended guide interview of 14 Ukrainian and 16 American athletes, it became clear that their opinions regarding the philosophy of modern Olympism were divided. This is how Ukrainian sportswomen claim that the philosophy of modern Olympism glorifies and unites into a harmonious whole the highest qualities of spirit, will, soul, mind and body, forms respect for universal fundamental ethical principles and puts sport at the service of harmonious human development. American athletes think somewhat differently: they partially agree with the quotes philosophy of modern Olympism, but believe that it has many flaws that need to be corrected (doping, politicization and illegal betting).

In work, it has been theoretically discovered that sport is part of the structure of a daily marriage, and its varied significance implies the following functions. The sociocultural function of sport is examined, as it manifests itself in the formed devel

Purpose: to determine the effect of Barre-fitness classes on the morphofunctional state and physical fitness of women in the first period of adulthood. Material & Methods: the results of a study of 35 women of the first period of adulthood (21–35 years old) with fitness experience from 6 to 12 months are presented. The female participants, taking into account the age and results of the initial study, were divided into 2 groups: the main group (MG), (n=18) and the control group (CG), (n=17). The women of the control group were engaged in dance fitness, and the women of the main group were engaged in specially designed Barre-fitness exercises. To achieve the set goals, physical development was assessed using anthropometric indicators: body length and weight; waist circumference, hip circumference. To assess the functional capabilities of women, the indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems were studied. Results: during the study, a statistically significant (p<0.05–0.01) improvement was observed in most of the studied morpho-functional parameters of women in the MG, with the exception of hip circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p>0,05). The indicators of women in the CG also had a positive trend, but did not reach statistically significant differences (p>0,05). As a result of the use of Barre-fitness means, there was a significant statistically significant (p<0,05-0,001) improvement in the results of the physical fitness of women in the MG, with the exception of the “Shuttle run 4×9 m” indicator (p>0,05). The indicators of women in the CG also had a positive trend, but did not reach statistically significant differences (p>0,05). Conclusions: the conducted study testifies to the positive impact of Barre-fitness classes on the morphofunctional state, the level of physical fitness and the health of women in the first period of adulthood. The obtained results make it possible to recommend Barre-fitness means for training women in fitness clubs and studios, as well as in the educational process of future specialists in physical culture and sports in higher education institutions.

І Міжнародна науково-практична конференція Таврійського національного університету до 160-ї річниці від дня народження В. І. Вернадського : матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, 16–17 березня 2023 р., м. Київ. Частина 2. Львів – Торунь : Liha-Pres, 2023. 288 с.

In recent years, significant progress has been made in deepening the essence of gymnasts' physical training, in particular the development of strength as the basis of their technical excellence, as well as the impact on the body of individual components of training loads. It has been established that the means of strength training for 7-8 year old gymnasts are diverse, but their scope of application is quite limited. Therefore, purposeful cooperation of scientists and practitioners is necessary to generalize and create a methodological array of knowledge regarding the specifics of the practical use of strength exercises in the educational and training process of young gymnasts. The developed author's method of developing the strength abilities of 7-8 year old gymnasts consisted of six interconnected structural components: 1st "Basic" - general developmental exercises for developing the strength of muscle groups: arms and shoulder girdle, abdominal press, back, legs , as well as complex exercises; 2nd "Imitation exercises and tasks for adopting and maintaining a posture" - static exercises that are of great importance for the formation of the correct posture of athletes 7-8 years old: "Swallow", "Plank", "Shuttle", "Corner", letters of the alphabet "G" and "D"; 3rd "Circular training" - exercises for working out all muscle groups that make up the "circle" with a clear normalization of the load and at the same time individualization of tasks at each "station"; 4th "Recovery" - breathing exercises and exercises for acquiring skills and abilities to relax and stretch muscles after performing strength exercises; 5th "Homework" - exercises for independent performance at home, selected individually for each gymnast; 6th "Game exercises and tasks" - exercises that created a positive competitive atmosphere and increased the emotional background during training sessions. The implementation of the author's method of developing strength abilities into the educational and training process of 7-8 year old gymnasts confirmed its high efficiency, as evidenced by a significant increase in the results of the athletes of the main group. Moreover, the difference between the average group results, gymnasts of the control group and the main group in the test tasks is statistically reliable.

Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of the developed methodology using special exercises on the coordination ladder to increase the level of physical fitness of female gymnasts 8-9 years old during online training. Material, participants and methods: 24 female athletes aged 8-9 years old, who are engaged in artistic gymnastics in the basic training group of the first year of study, were divided into control and main groups of 12 female athletes. Work experience: 3-4 years. Type of training in both groups – online training. The training process of the main group for the development of physical qualities included special exercises on the coordination ladder. In the training process of the control group for the development of physical qualities, exercises from the program were used. To assess the strength qualities of female athletes, the following tests were used: T1-lifting the legs in the hang on the gymnastic wall until the foot touches the rail behind the head (number of times); T2 – «Hanging angle», (s); T3 - lifting the legs to a right angle in the hang on the gymnastic wall (number of times). To assess the speed-strength qualities of female gymnasts, the following tests were used: T4-jumping up, bending over from a squat (number of times in 20 s); T5 pull-ups in 10 s (number of times); T6 long jump from a place (cm). To assess the coordination abilities of gymnasts, the «Yula» test was used, (s) (according to Karpenko L.A., Viner I.A., Sivitsky V.A., 2007) and shuttle run 4x9 m, (s) (Order of the Ministry of Youth and sport of Ukraine, 2018). Group results were compared using Student's t-test and nonparametric Rosenbaum's t-test (Q). Results: as a result of the introduction of a methodology using special exercises on the coordination ladder to increase the level of physical fitness of female gymnasts 8-9 years old during online training, statistically significant (p<0,05–0,01) improvements in performance were obtained for all tests, except the result of the «Hanging angle» test (static strength). The best results were shown by female gymnasts in speed-strength jumping exercises (T4; and T6) and coordination exercises (T7 and T8), where the probability of significant differences reached 99% at p<0,01. In tests for the development of speed-strength qualities and dynamic strength of the abdominal press and arms, the proposed exercises on the coordination ladder turned out to be effective, which was confirmed by the results of tests T1, T3, T5. Conclusions: the positive influence of the developed methodology with the use of special exercises on the coordination ladder on the level of physical fitness of female gymnasts 8-9 years old during online training was determined. It was established that the proposed methodology contributed to the increase in the level of physical fitness of female athletes of the MG in all tests in comparison with the results of female athletes of the CG. The results obtained testify to the effectiveness of the developed methodology and allow us to recommend it for use in the training process of athletes in gymnastic sports at the stage of initial and basic training, for recreational and training sessions. The proposed exercises can be used both during online and offline training.

Purpose: to prove the effectiveness of the technique of game stretching to increase the level of development of flexibility in female gymnasts aged 5-6 years. Material & Methods: the study involved 30 female athletes aged 5-6 years who are engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. According to the results of the initial testing, a group of female gymnasts was divided into control (n=15) and main (n=15), taking into account the absence of significant differences in the indicators of flexibility tests. Both groups of young gymnasts trained in accordance with the curriculum for the Youth Sports School in rhythmic gymnastics (1999). In the training sessions of female athletes of the main group, a specially developed technique of game stretching was included, aimed at developing flexibility. Results: the obtained results of the study give grounds to assert that the proposed methodology, by which female gymnasts of the main group (MG) trained, contributed to a more pronounced (p<0,05; p<0,01) increase in the level of flexibility development compared to the results of female athletes control group (CG), who trained according to the traditional flexibility development program. So in tests T1 "Extension in the knee joints" (cm); T2 "Twisting the stick" (cm); T4 "Gymnastic bridge" (points) significant differences in test scores were found with a probability of 99% at p≤0.01. In tests T3 “Backward bend in lying position” (cm); T5 “Performing splits on the right”, (points) and T6 “Performing splits on the left”, (points) there were also found significant differences in indicators with a probability of 95% at p≤0.05 between the main and control groups. However, in the T7 test “Performance of transverse splits” (points), an unreliable difference was obtained between the performance of the gymnasts of the main and control groups (p>0,05), although an improvement in the results in this test was observed in both groups. Conclusions: the results of the study showed the effectiveness of the method of game stretching to increase the level of development of flexibility in female gymnasts 5-6 years old. The technique contributed to a more pronounced (p<0,05; p<0,01) increase in the level of development of flexibility among female athletes of the main group (MG) compared with the results of female gymnasts in the control group (CG). So, in tests T1 "Extension in the knee joints" (cm); T2 "Twisting the stick" (cm); T4 "Gymnastic bridge" (points) significant differences in test scores were found with a probability of 99% at p≤0,01. In tests T3 “Backward bend in lying position” (cm); T5 “Performing splits on the right”, (points) and T6 “Performing splits on the left”, (points) there were also found significant differences in indicators with a probability of 95% at p≤0,05 between the main and control groups. The results obtained allow us to recommend the developed methodology for use in the training process of young gymnasts at the stage of initial training. And test exercises were applied that are not included in the Curriculum, such as T1 "Extension in the knee joints" (cm); T2 "Twisting the stick" (cm); T3 “Backward bend in lying position” (cm) is quite informative and can be used to control the flexibility of gymnasts at all stages of preparation.

Purpose: to substantiate the effectiveness of the use of Ukrainian outdoor games to increase the level of physical preparedness of 6-7 year old gymnasts. Material & Methods: the study involved 22 female athletes aged 6-7 years old involved in artistic gymnastics. The main and control groups included 11 female gymnasts each. Ukrainian outdoor games were included in the training process of the main group. Results: the results of the study indicate that the proposed methodology, by which female gymnasts of the main group (MG) trained, contributed to a more pronounced (p<0,05; p<0,01) increase in the level of physical fitness compared to the results of female athletes of the control group (CG) who trained according to the traditional program for the development of physical qualities, except for the development of flexibility, where there was a statistically unreliable difference between the performance of female gymnasts of the main and control groups (p>0,05). Conclusions: results of the implementation of the methodology for increasing the level of physical preparedness of female gymnasts aged 6-7 years using Ukrainian folk outdoor games testify to its effectiveness. The results obtained allow us to recommend the developed methodology for use in the training process of young female gymnasts at the stage of initial training.

Purpose: to summarize coaching experience in improving throwing elements with a hoop for gymnasts 7-8 years old. Material and methods: the study involved one hundred twenty athletes 7-8 years old, training at the Rhythmic Gymnastics School of the city of Kharkov and the city of Szczecin. The level of possession of the throwing movements of the hoop was determined using characteristic motor tests and application video recordings. The assessment of the competitive exercise was carried out by the method expert assessments. The experts were coaches with a referee category in rhythmic gymnastics. The result was determined in accordance with the rules of the competition. The maximum score is 10.0 points. Results: the level of mastery of the basic throwing elements with a hoop was revealed for gymnasts of 7-8 years old, the method of error correction was substantiated. The gymnasts received the lowest marks in the following tests: “Throwing a hoop lying on the floor with a swing of the foot with rotation around the diametrical axis of the apparatus on a sideways turnover, catching a jump through the hoop ( - 6,2 points); «Throw from a spin in the lateral plane with the left hand» ( 7,0 points); «Throw with a swing of a horizontally located hoop, catching in the passage in a sideways flip» ( 7,5 points). Conclusions: the lowest results were obtained when performing the elements of «difficulties», «risks», «skill» and when performing throws with the left hand. The result for performing a competitive exercise with a hoop is 7,2 points. The repeated results of throwing actions with a hoop increased from 7% to 31% and ranged from 8,1 points to 9,5 points. For the performance of a competitive exercise with a hoop, the result increased by 18% and is 8,5 points.

Мета: узагальнити тренерський досвід щодо вдосконалення кидкових елементів з обручем гімнасток 7-8 років. Матеріал і методи: в дослідженні брали участь 120 спортсменок 7-8 років, які тренуються в ДЮСШ з художньої гімнастики міста Харкова та міста Щецин. Рівень володіння кидковими рухами обручем визначався за допомогою характерних рухових тестів із застосуванням відеозапису. Оцінювання змагальної вправи проводилося методом експертних оцінок. Експертами були тренери, які мали суддівську категорію з художньої гімнастики. Результат визначався відповідно до правил змагань. Максимальна оцінка – 10,0 балів. Результати: виявлено рівень володіння базовими кидковими елементами з обручем гімнасток 7–8 років, обґрунтовано методику виправлення помилок. Найнижчі оцінки гімнастки отримали за наступними тестами: «Кидок обруча, що лежить на підлозі, махом ногою з обертанням навколо діаметральної вісі, ловля в стрибок через обруч» (- 6,2 балів); «Кидок предмета з обертання в бічній площині лівою рукою» (-7,0 балів); «Кидок махом горизонтально розташованого обруча, «шене», ловля в прохід в переворот боком» (-7,5 балів). Висновки: найнижчі результати отримано при виконанні елементів «труднощів», «ризиків», «майстерності» та при виконанні кидків лівою рукою. Результат за виконання змагальної вправи з обручем – 7,2 балів. Повторні результати кидкових дій з обручем збільшились від 7% до 31% і становлять від 8,1 балів до 9,5 балів. За виконання змагальної вправи з обручем результат збільшився на 18% і становить 8,5 балів. Ключові слова: обруч, гімнастика, художня, кидки, досвід, тренер, корекція.

International scientific and practical conference «Current trends and factors of the development of pedagogical and psychological sciences in Ukraine and EU countries» : conference proceedings, September 25–26, 2020. Lublin : Izdevnieciba «Baltija Publishing», 2020. 516 pages.

Purpose: to identify effective directions for the selection of athletes 10–11 years old in group exercises in rhythmic gymnastics. Material & Methods: ten athletes of 10–11 years old, who train at the Children's Sport School in rhythmic gymnastics in Kharkov, took part in the study. Using sixteen generally accepted tests for rhythmic gymnastics, the level of development of flexibility, strength, speed, jumping ability, balance, coordination and endurance of athletes was monitored. The level of technical preparedness was determined in nine tests to fulfill the difficulties of the body in each group of elements: jumping, rotation, balance. Results: gymnasts showed a high level in the tests: “forearm bridge” – (–18 cm), angle retention (65,7 s), double jumps (110,6 times). The average level was shown in the tests: “right twine” (59,7 cm), “raising legs in the hang” (13 times), “leaning to the side” (1,1 min), “lifting the body” (10,8 times ), “Lifting the torso back” (11,8 times), “pass on the left” (62,6 s), “juggling the right” (22 times). The female athlet made the least mistakes in the tests: “forward balance” (0,2 points), in the jump “step into the ring” (0,9 points), rotation “in the ring” (1,0 points). The gymnasts demonstrated an average level in the technique of working with the body with a deduction of 1,2 points in the tests “Jet Boucle,” “Jet Anturnan”, “90o rotation with the foot forward”. Conclusions: the selection of athletes for the acquisition of a team for group exercises in rhythmic gymnastics was carried out according to the results of technical and physical preparedness; six gymnasts were selected, who showed a high and medium level of testing of motor qualities and body work techniques.

В роботі розглянуті літературні відомості щодо визначення поняття здорового способу життя як сукупності форм життєдіяльності людини, що забезпечує її здоров’я та успішний життєвий шлях. Обґрунтовано історичні аспекти формування здорового способу життя у

Purpose: to prove the expediency of using training combinations to increase the level of knowledge of young athletes with basic skills in exercises with clubs. Material & Methods: study was attended by nine athletes of 10–11 years old who train at the Children's and Youth Sports School of Rhythmic Gymnastics in the training group of the 2nd year of study. Using the method of expert evaluation and video analysis, the level of technical preparedness of athletes in the exercises with clubs and discounts for the technique of the subject in competitions was determined. Results: training combinations with clubs were developed, which consisted of exercises involving the combination of various technical work with the subject and body work with difficulty, as well as elements and connections from competitive programs. Conclusion: as a result of the introduction of training combinations, the discounts on the components of the equipment used by the object at competitions decreased: for performing "mills" – from 1,7 to 1,0 points; when making small throws and catching clubs – from 3,8 points to 2,7 points; in non-fundamental (non-specific) work – from 2,5 points to 1,7 points.

Purpose: to substantiate the effectiveness of using the author's methodology for improving the special physical training of athletes 9–10 years old engaged in artistic gymnastics. Material & Methods: in the study, during the year, took part 16 athletes 9–10 years old, engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. To identify the effectiveness of the author's methodology, analysis and generalization of literary sources, pedagogical observation, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: based on the results of the experiment, the improvement of practically all the studied indicators was revealed, namely, the results of the implementation of equilibrium varieties (15–39%) and jumps (20–42%) were significantly improved. Conclusions: the obtained results showed the effectiveness of the developed author's methodology aimed at improving the special physical training of athletes during the preliminary basic training.