Most cancer cells overexpress the anti-apoptotic protein survivin and display redox dysregulation originating from genotypic and phenotypic alterations. These disturbances contribute to the uncontrolled proliferation, inva-sion, and chemoresistance of cancer cells, yet they also represent a specific vulnerability that could be exploited therapeutically in selected tumors. YM155 (sepantronium bromide) is a naphthoquinone-containing imidazole-based compound that selectively inhibits survivin expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies in which YM155 was administered as monotherapy or combination therapy for patients with cancer. We assessed fully or partially reported clinical outcomes and pharmacological parameters, and further performed subgroup analysis based on tumor type and treatment regimen. Our comprehensive analysis, which included patients of many ethnicities, demonstrated that YM155 was effective as a monotherapy or combination therapy. Clinical benefits, including regression and/or sta-bilization of tumor progression and prolonged survival, were observed within a reasonable time after treatment initiation, and YM155 displayed good synergistic effects with combination drugs. YM155 appears to be effective against a wide range of tumor types and has an acceptable safety profile, with the main toxicities being decreased blood cell counts; fatigue/weakness; renal, hepatic, and/or cardiac issues; and electrolyte disturbance.

Objectives: The objective, in this study is to create a pathological model of coronary heart disease in pneumonia, based on the new theory of membrane-redox potentials three-state line system-dependent -full 9 stepped cycle of proton conductance inside the human and animal body, to study the activity of respiratory dehydrogenase enzymes at the ischemic site, and the proton entry state formed by bicarbonate in the 8th stage of full chain for Traditional Medicine. Methods: The experimental model used in this study was a pathological model of myocardial ischemia as developed by Kogan and Ambaga in healthy white Wistar rats approximately weighing 200-250 ± 20g. Results: On days 3-21 of the experiment, we have observed that the proton entry formed bicarbonate decreased by 9.8-13.9% both within the red blood cell membrane surface and outside the red blood cell membrane during whole red blood cell lysis. Moreover, the level of proton depletion was high, but the unstained or cell respiration released area increased by 10.25-20.34% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In the 8th stage ofthe full 9 stepped cycle closed chain of protons, the proton entry formed bicarbonate decreased in the red blood cell membrane surface, and ischemic standing nodule electron-proton leak and dehydrogenase enzyme activity was decreased significantly.

Objectives: We aim to investigate how antischemin preparation affects the platelet parameters in a rabbit model with alloxan induced diabetes. Methods: Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; group 1 or control group, group 2 or no antischemin group without medication, group 3 or experimental group and group 4 or comparing group. Specific parameters such as PLT, PWD, MPV, P-LCR and PCT concentration were measured on day 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results: Treatment of the no antischemin group with 6% alloxan monohydrate only resulted in a significant increase of platelet level and reached the highest value at 28th days (336.5 ± 21.2). When animals pre-treated simultaneously with antischemin for 5 days, the level of platelets did not increase significantly, compared to that in the non-treated group. After treatment of this group with 6% alloxan monohydrate, at the end of the trial (28 day), the platelet level was 274.7 ± 6.2 g/L, and in the clopidogrel pre-treated group, it was 274 ± 13.9 g/L. In the non-treated group, during the first 21 days, alloxan monohydrate caused a slight increase in PDW levels. Conclusions: Numerous studies revealed that botanical extracts which have been widely used as medicinal agents show potent anti-diabetic activity. Due to the serious side effects or resistance on synthetic drugs that are used in diabetes, the approach of using herbal remedies could be a successful alternative to the currently available diabetic treatments.

Objectives: We have aimed to determine the anti-hypoxic action of antischemin, an active anti-inflammatory drug that protects brain cells from damage and death during cerebral hemorrhage and hypoxia. Methods: We have studied antischemin made from Astragalus membraneceus roots, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots, and Gingko Biloba leaves denizen in Mongolia and compared its protective effect against hypoxia compared to each of its constituents alone 6 groups of 8 mice. Normobaric hypoxia resistance as well as tissue hypoxia resistance was determined. Results: For antischemin preparation 100 mg/kg, the tolerance of normobaric hypoxia was 42 minutes or 47.2% higher in the treatment group (p < 0.001), and the latent period of hypoxia was increased by 22.7% (p < 0.05). The period of hypoxia increased 32% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Antischemin has been shown to make tissue more resistant to hypoxia and and have more anti-hypoxic activity than its constituents alone.

— Self-regulating mechanism and driving process of the organism has been a subject matter for the science for many years. Then, very simple determination of antioxidant system which is one of the above regulation is that it is unique biological system that keeps alive nature of the cell, origin for the humanity existence and studying changes and activity of the system on Antischemin is one set of the experiment. Research was carried out on ischemia model through methodology of Farкes E et al., 2007 with in the purpose to study effects of Antischemin on superoxidismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px pmol/ml), GABA /γ-aminobutiric acid/ and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which indicate antioxidant activity. According to the results of the study glutathione (GSH-ng/L) level in cerebral tissue homogenate has decreased by 26-40.1%, superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 25.8-41%, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px-pmol/ml) 15.4 by 44.5% and by 57.3-60.9% in the plasma respectively on 1 st to 21 st days after forming cerebral ischemia on trial animals and it proves rapid reduction of endogenous antioxidants in cerebral and cardiac ischemia. And in animals on which 100 mg/kg Antischemin was used, glutathione (GSH-ng/L) has increased by 16.1-27.2% in tissue homogenate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 14-20.9%, glutathione peroxidase by up to 14.3-31.1% on 1 st to 21sr trial days and it ensures condition to provide tissue with high energy substances such as ATP by increasing endogenous antioxidant reserve during oxygen deficiency. Also 16.7-20.95% decrease of VEGF-pg/ml in control group shows unstable metabolism in vascular and tissue causing main factor to damage vessel during cerebral hypoxia and among the group that used Antischemin VEGF-pg/ml has increased by 11.9-17.9% in brain homogenate and by 7.8-10.5% in comparative group, Bilobil, relatively and it indicates that substances influence during new vessel formation even not so strong.

Today, biology, biochemistry, and molecular biological sciences are highly developed that glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, pentose monophosphate path have discoverd and to study all diseases, mainly biochemistry of ischemic heart disease “The membrane-redox potentials three-state line system dependent-full 9 stepped cycle of proton conductance” by M.Ambaga is necessary to learn. Conclusion: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH ng / L) was increased by 39.8% -66.9% in brain tissue homogeneity, which is dominated by oxygen-rich oxidation or anaerobic oxidation, and brain energy may be possible to use the glycolysis line to full the deficit. In contrast, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase were decreased by 14.5-33.9% compared to the control group with Antischemin group100 mg / kg dose, and when brain is lack of oxygen, ATP is increased by endogenic antioxidant is elevation to supply the energy. The control group that did not use succinate dehydrogenase enzyme in the cerebral homogenate was reduced to 23.8% -39.75% compared to the healthy group in cerebral ischemia, which inhibited the loss of electrons and protons in the cellular respiratory chain, it seems to be lacking. On the basis of the 100mg / kg dosage of Antischemin, the activity of the cyclic dehydrogenase activity increased by 10.23% -22.5% in theday 1-21 of the cerebral ischemia. The biologically active ingredient in the naturally occurring extracts Astragalus membranaceus, Scutellaria baicalensis georgi, and Ginkgo biloba, the compounds are strongly antioxidant, with this action preventing electrons and proton transmit in mitochondrial membranes during acute and chronic deficiency of cerebral ischemic oxygen, thereby energizing the organs and the improvement of the supply.

In the cerebral ischemic disease, fat metabolism loss due to lack of oxygen supply in brain cell and deficiency of ATP-high energy enzyme, which in turn we aim to study the effects of Antischemin in fat metabolism. In the composition of Antischemin, herbs such as Scutellaria baicalensis, Astragalus membranaceus and Ginkgo biloba. Global brain ischemia model induction: Unilateral permanent occlusion-Common carotid artery. We have performed using Farkes E et al 2007 methodology. In cerebral ischemic white rat, Antishemin group animals’ CH, TG, LDL reduced by 7-13%, 3-16% and 11-16% respectively and HDL increased by 2-19% from day 1-21. Antishemin preparations have been shown to have a positive effect on fat metabolism due to ATP's high energy composition deficiency during acute and chronic cerebral ischemic disease.

— Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease, and it is imperative to use advanced herbal safe medicines with anti-diabetic compounds in addition to synthetic medicines for recent treatments. Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; group 1 or healthy group, group 2 or control group without medication, group 3 or experimental group with Antischemin (1:1:1) at 100 mg/kg, and group 4 or comparing group with Clopidogrel with 2.14 mg/kg orally for 5 days respectively and 5 days after a 6% Alloxan monohydrate (Sigma Chemicals, USA) solution was injected through rabbit ear IV with 60 mg/kg by Lukenes (1948); Gaulton et al (1985) method and created diabetes model developed a pathogenic disorder for diabetes. Specific parameters such as CH, TG, LDH and HDL concentration were measured on day 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Antishemin preparation effect of decreasing glucose by 5.36-25.9%, cholesterol by 18.3-57.1%, triglycerides by 26-35.7% and LDL by 64.1-76%, respectively and increasing HDL by 11.2-48.5%, indicating that it may related to decreasing hyper coagulation of microvasculature in organs and accelerating metabolic rate. Antishemin preparations have been shown to have a positive effect on CH, TG, LDL reduced by respectively and HDL increased during diabetes.

— Background: Recently years, increasing coronary artery disease in the worldwide. An estimated 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 2016, representing 31% of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85% are due to heart attack and stroke, reported WHO. Myocardial infarction is invariably followed by numerous pathophysiological and biochemical alterations including hyperlipidemia, thrombosis, lipid peroxidation and free radical damage etc., leading to qualitative and quantitative changes of myocardium. Determination of in blood serum and cardiac tissue homogenate levels of cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I and estimation of some antioxidants enzymes of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats. Materials and methods: Adult male Wistar rats, weighting approximately 180 to 200±20 gram, used for the experiment. We did coronary occlusion induced myocardial ischemia by Kogan A.K., Ambaga M /1979/‘s method. The experiment is 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 14 th 21 st days blood samples were collected and used to determine in blood serum and cardiac tissue homogenate levels of cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I (CT n -I) and estimation of some antioxidants enzymes (SOD, GSH, GSH-px) were estimated using standard rat ELISA KIT by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay. Result: Determination of cardiac troponin-I levels in blood serum of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats increased by 31.9-58.4% in the 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 14 th 21 st days of the test compared to healthy groups. The cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I is indicative for cardiomyocyte damage and is currently used in the diagnosis and prognosis of myocardial ischemia. It is also shown that substances such as endogen and antioxidant decreases in heart ischemia. Conclusion: Determination of decreased level are antioxidants (SOD, GSH, GSH-px) in blood serum of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats, it seems to induced of pathogenesis of coronary disease and infarction myocardium while the accumulation of lipid product cause to damage the cell membrane.

In recent years, wide range drug development research that prevents cerebral tissue and cell necrosis, degradation are being carried out. The purpose of our research is to determine effect of “Antischemin” during stimulation of lipid peroxidation on white rat brain ischemic disorder model. We have performed using Farkes E et al 2007 methodology. Our study of brain ischemia induced model in experimental white rat shows that Antischemin inhibits lipid peroxidation and has neuro-protective effects from neuron necrosis, degradation.

Background: Recently years, Increasing coronary artery disease, diabetes, and cancer in the worldwide. Epidemiological studies indicate that ischemic heart disease will constitute the major disease-burden worldwide by the year 2020. Myocardial infarction is invariably followed by numerous pathophysiological and biochemical alterations including hyperlipidemia, thrombosis, lipid peroxidation and free radical damage etc., leading to qualitative and quantitative changes of myocardium. Determination of in blood serum and cardiac tissue homogenate levels of cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I and estimation of lipid peroxidation products and some antioxidants enzymes of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats. Materials and methods: Adult male Wistar rats, weighting approximately 180 to 200±20 gram, used for the experiment. The were divided randomly into 2 groups (6-8 animals in each group). They were distributed as follow: first group (healthy, non treatment), second group (control, experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats, non treatment). We did coronary occlusion induced myocardial ischemia by Kogan A.K., Ambaga M /1979/‘s method.The experiment is 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th 21st days blood samples were collected and used to determine in blood serum and cardiac tissue homogenate levels of cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I (CTn-I) and estimation of lipid peroxidation products (MDA, SA, LPO) and some antioxidants enzymes (SOD, GSH, GSH-px) were estimated using standard rat ELISA KIT by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay. Result: Determination of cardiac troponin-I levels in blood serum of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats increased by 31.9-58.4% in the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th 21st days of the test compared to healthy groups. The cardiac biomarker cardiac specific troponin I is indicative for cardiomyocyte damage and is currently used in the diagnosis and prognosis of myocardial ischemia. Experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in white rats, it is sufficiently shown that from day 1-21 MDA in plasma increased by 43.9 – 76.3%, plasma SA by 18.3-49.8% and LPO by 12.8-38.3%. This results in necrosis of cells and tissues, dissolving of membrane and stimulation of pathogenesis of disruption of membrane parts. It is also shown that substances such as endogen and antioxidant decreases in heart ischemia. Conclusion: Determination of increased level are lipid peroxidation products (MDA, SA, LPO, CTn-I), and decreased level are antioxidants (SOD, GSH, GSH-px) in blood serum of experimental acute infarction model induced by coronary artery occlusion in rats, it seems to induced of pathogenesis of coronary disease and infarction myocardium while the accumulation of lipid product cause to damage the cell membrane.

During last 4 billion years had been formed and developed two basic metabolic electron, proton dependent reaction system of obtaining of ATP to maintain a living processes. The first reaction system of obtaining of ATP was the slow developed bioenergy accumulating system of early evolution times (2 billion years ago) as “Donator molecules as water molecules + ADP + Pi + H+ + nH + memb.space = ATP + nH +O2 formation and the shortage of membrane redox potentials three - state line system, lack of O2 acceptor utilization regulations”. The second reaction system of obtaining of ATP was a more powerful energy accumulating systems as “Donator molecules (glucose, aminoacids, fatty acids) + membrane redox potentials three - state line system + acceptor as O2 + ADP + Pi + H+ + nH + memb.space = (ATP + heat energy) + H2O + nH + matrix + CO2” (Ambaga & Tumen-Ulzii, 2015). Without the second electron, proton dependent reaction system of obtaining of ATP as a more powerful energy accumulating systems as “Donators (glucose, aminoacids, fatty acids) + membrane redox potentials three - state line system + acceptor as O2 + ADP + Pi + H+ + nH + memb.space = (ATP + heat energy) + H2O + nH + matrix + CO2”, it was impossible to wait the appearance of Animal Kingdom according to taxonomy of Linnaeus.

Шарын халууны Гүргэм-7 уламжлалт жор нь шарыг дарах, халууныг арилгах чадалтай гол төлөв ам, хэл хатах, толгой өвдөх, нүд арьс шарлах, ам гашуурах, халуурах мэтийн шарын өвчинд ба ялангуяа халуун шарын өвчинг анагаахад хэрэглэгддэг. Энэхүү эм нь сэрүүн чанартай бөгөөд монголын уламжлалт анагаах ухаанд шарын өвчний гол эмийн нэг болно (Төмөрбаатар Л. 1998). Уламжлалт анагаах ухаанд олон төрлийн ургамлуудаар эмчилгээний жороо зохиохдоо ургамлуудын бүрэлдэхүүнээ “удирдах эм” ба “туслах эм” гэсэн хэсэгт хуваах зарчим баримталдаг. “Удирдах эм” нь тухайн жорын үндсэн үйлдлийг агуулдаг бол туслах эм нь үндсэн үйлдлийг дэмжих, хорон нөлөөг сулруулах өөр нэмэлт үйлдэл үзүүлэх үүрэгтэй жорын бүрэлдхүүнд ордог ажээ (Zhong Y, 2013). Уламжлалт сударт бичснээр Шар халууны Гүргэм-7 жор нь Эрхэм гурваар толгойлогч эм болгож шарын дөрвөн ерөндөгийг жолоодлого болгон найруулсан түшмэл Гүргэм-7 жоруудын нэг байна (У.Лигаа, 1996). Уламжлалт анагаах ухаанд Түшмэл Гүргэм-7 жоруудын Эрхэм гурван толгойлогч эм нь Гүргэм, Гиван, Жуган гэсэн ургамлуудаас бүрддэг ба “Удирдах эм” болж хөдлөшгүй үлдээж, “туслах эм”-ийг бүрдүүлэх бусад дөрвөн ургамлуудыг өөрчлөх замаар нийт 41 төрлийн Гүргэм-7 жоруудыг зохиожээ (У.Лигаа, 1996, С.Ганбаяр). Гүргэм (Crocus satiuvs L), Жуган (Calcio sinter), Гиван (Bos taurus Domesticus) гэсэн ургамлууд шар халууны Гүргэм-7 жорын “удирдах эм” ба “Эрхэм гурав” болж үндсэн үйлдлийг үзүүлдэг бол “туслах эм” болж нэмэлт үйлдэл үзүүлэхээр жорын бүрэлдэхүүнд (Cynanchum thesiodrs Fren), Хэвтээ дэгд (Centianae Decumbens), Тэмээн хөх (Momordica cochinchinesis lour), Кузнецовын хорс (Aconitum kuznezofii) гэсэн нэмэлт дөрвөн ургамлууд ордог ажээ (Лигаа 1996 ). Гүргэм (Crocus satiuvs L) нь эфирийн тос, каротеноидууд, а, б-каротени, a-крозин, флавоноид, алкалоид, сапонин агуулдаг ба үрэвслийн эсрэг, ходоод, бөөр, элэг, зүрхний эмгэгийг анагаах чиглэлээр хэрэглэгддэг (Hosseinnzadeh H 2002; Bhargava VK 2011). Каротиноидууд, а, б-каротени, а-крозин (a-crocin -C44H70O28) нь үрэвслийн эсрэг, хавдрын эсрэг, иммуны системийг сэргээх, өвчин намдаах, төв мэдрэлийн системийг тайвшруулах үйлдэлтэй байна (Harborne J.B 1998; Nilakashi N 2011). Жуган (Calcio sinter) эрдэс бодис болох макро-микро элемэнтүүд, кальции сульфат (CaSO4*2H2O) агуулах ба цусны бүлэгнэлтийг сайжруулах, үрэвслийн эсрэг нөлөө үзүүлдэг. Үхрийн гиван (Bos taurus Domesticus) нь Na, Ca, Mg, Fe элементүүд, билибурин, холестрол, витамин Д, цөсний болон амин хүчлүүдийг агуулах ба халуун бууруулах, тархины цусны дутагдал болон эпилепси эмгэгийг анагаах, үрэвслийн эсрэг нөлөөтэй (Yan 2007, Hempen C 2009). Тэмээн хөх (Cynanchum thesioidrs Fren) нь флавоноид, сапонин, феруминий хүчил агуулах ба вирусын эсрэг үйлдэлтэй (Liu S.L, 2013). Хэвтээ дэгд (Gentianae Decumbens) секоиридоид, гомоориянтин, флавоноид, сапонаретин нэгдлийг агуулж, цусны даралт ба халуун бууруулах, үрэвслийн эсрэг, өвчин намдаах нөлөөтэй, үе мөчний эмгэг болон шарах илаашруулахад хэрэглэгддэг (Myagmar B.E 2000). Сэржмядог (Momordica Cochinchinesis Lour) тос, флавоноид, сапонин, гликозидууд болон уураг агуулах ба цусан дахь сахар бууруулах, микробын эсрэг нөлөөтэй (Lenette E.H. 1988). Кузнецовын хорс (Aconitum Kuznezofii) полисахарид, дитерпений алкалоид, актонитин, гипоаконитинийг агуулах ба уламжлалт анагаах ухаанд өвчин намдаах, зүрхний сулрал, үе мөчний үрэвслийн эсрэг хэрэглэдэг (Gao K, 2011). Орчин үед уламжлалт жорууд болон эмийн ургамлуудыг хоргүй гэсэн ойлголтоор замбраагүй хэрэглэснээс эд эсийг гэмтээхэд хүргэсэн олон баримт байдаг (Singh N.P, 2011). Иймээс уламжлалт жоруудын фитохими болон фармакологийн нарийн судалгааг хийж, гарсан туршилтын дүнд тулгуурлан эмнэлзүйн системтэй судалгаа явуулах шаардлагатай байна (Zong Y 2013). Хэдийгээр шар халууны Гүргэм-7 жорыг бүрдүүлэх эмийн ургамлуудын фармакологийн үйлдэл хүчтэй судлагдсан боловч Гүргэм-7 жорын бөөрний хурц дутагдалд үзүүлэх нөлөөний талаар судалгааны мэдээлэл маш ховор байна. Бид энэ судалгаагаар гентамицинаар өдөөсөн бөөрний хурц дутагдалын үед шар халууны Гүргэм-7 жор ба түүний бүрэлдэхүүнд туслах эм болох Нэмэлт-4 бэлдмэлийн үзүүлэх нөлөөг харьцуулан судлахыг зорьсон. Гентамицин нь аминогликозайд (Aminoglycosides) бүлгийн антибиотик юм. Аминогликозайд антибиотикууд эмчилгээний тундаа хүчтэй нефрохор-долтыг өдөөдөг болохыг олон судалгаагаар тогтоосон (Klein, 1992). Гентамицин нь чөлөөт радикалын нэгдлүүдийн хуримтлалыг хүчтэй идэвхжүүлснээр бөөрний холтослог давхаргыг илүүтэй гэмтээн цусны хангамжыг эрс сулруулах замаар бөөрний хурц дутагдалыг сэдээдэг байна (Kosek JC, 1974; Naidu, 2001; Parlakpinar 2005).

Introduction: In diabetes therapy, a great attention is paid on lowering blood glucose levels and lipid regulating mechanisms of various medical agents including animal toxins. Honey bee venom reduces blood glucose level through increased insulin secretion and glucose take-up. It also has lipid regulating activity verified in several other studies. For that reason, bee venom could be considered as a potential remedy for diabetes. This study aims to investigate the effect of Mongolian honey bee venom on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. Material and method: Twenty two Chinchilla rabbits were divided into three groups: the control (n=6), the diabetic (n=8), and the bee venom treated (n=8) groups. The diabetic group was injected with a 5% solution of Alloxan monohydrate at100 mg/kg intravenously via the marginal vein behind the ear for 2 minutes to induce the diabetes. The bee venom treated group received a bee sting (a sting contains 0.2-0.5 ml of bee venom) on their hind paw every other day after the confirmation of diabetes. Result: Bee venom treatment (BVT) led to the following changes: compared to the diabetic group, the bee venom treated group’s blood glucose levels decreased by 14.9% -26.5%; blood cholesterol levels reduced by 12.5%- 19.1%; Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) levels lowered by 11.2%-14.2%; and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) levels increased by 2.5% - 26.25%. Conclusion: Bee venom lowers blood glucose levels and improves lipid profile in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and can be considered as a therapeutic agent for diabetes. Further studies should be carried out to determine the most appropriate bee venom dose for the best therapeutic effect.

The antioxidant activity of Astragalus galactatis water extract using in vivo methods on 24 rabbits with dinitrophenol-induced peroxidation was investigated. It has been found that the remedies have antioxidant activity, including inactivating of free radicals, reducing the lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde and oxidases in plasma.

Артишок (Cynara scolymus L.)-ын ургал эрхтний дотоод бүтцийн онцлогийг тодорхойлон, эмийн түүхий эдийн стандарт бэлтгэх эх материал бүрдүүлэхийн тулд тухайн зүйлийн ургал болон үржлийн эрхтний дотоод бүтцийг ургамлын анатомийн уламжлалт арга зүйн дагуу судалгааг явууллаа. Cynara scolymus L. -ийн навч дорзовентераль хэлбэрийн бүтэцтэй. Эпидермийн эсийн хана тэгш өнцөг үүсгэж, нэг ба олон эст үсэнцрүүд, аномоцит хэлбэрийн амсруудыг навчны дээд, доод гадаргууд агуулдаг, коллатераль хэлбэрийн дамжуулах багцны дээд талд хүчтэй хөгжил бүхий склеренхимтэй; навчны бариул хөндлөн огтлолоороо гурван өнцөгтэй (9-р зураг). Гадна талаараа нэг эгнээгээр байрласан эпидерм, түүний дотор талаар нэг эгнээгээр байрласан гиподермийн давхраа, паренхимийн эсүүдтэй, ишний дамжуулах багцны харалдаа дээд ба доод талд хүчтэй хөгжил бүхий склеренхимтэй зэрэг шинжээрээ ялгагдах онцлогтой болохыг илрүүллээ.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v10i1.335

Recently, a trend has developed towards employing certain herbal medicines to manage hepatotoxicity. The present study is that of an assessment of the efficacy of a herbal preparation of Salivin (HPS), a combination of the herbs of Saussurea amara (L.)DC., Salsola collina Pall., Achillea asiatica Serg. and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, in rabbit models, against CCl4-induced hepatic damage. In so doing, an extract of HPS (200 mg/kg body weight/day), along with reference control tablets of Carsil (Silymarin 35 mg) (250 mg/kg body weight/day) (which is known for its hepatoprotective effects) were administered, along with the standard diet. The experimental group of rabbits received HPS orally for 28 days, which resulted in a decrease in blood enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase), compared to the control. Evidenced by biochemical and histopathological studies, it is concluded that the polyherbal formulation HPS showed hepatoprotective activity against induced CCl4 hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

The aim of this study was to investigate the abdominal visceral fat accumulation and the association between visceral fat and the severity in COPD patients. We performed clinical and laboratory tests, including pulmonary function test in COPD patients (n=188) and control, which included subjects without airflow obstruction (n=48). We used body mass composition scale to evaluate the body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), abdominal visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA). The COPD group had a larger VFA than the control group. The prevalence of non-obese subjects with an increased VFA was greater in the GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) Stages I and II than in other stages of COPD. All parameters measured by bioelectrical impedance-meter were inversely correlated with severity of disease.