The possibility of increasing the mechanical strength of porous materials from sponge titanium powders by two methods has been investigated. In the first case, sintering activation was carried out using alloying additives based on Al, ZnO and TiH2. It was found that the maximum (1.8–1.9 times) increase in strength compared to samples made only from titanium powder is achieved by adding up to 0.5 % TiH2. With the introduction of other alloying additives (Al, ZnO), the mechanical strength increases by no more than 16–20 %. The influence of sintering regimes and atmosphere on the mechanical strength of porous titanium has been studied. It is shown that samples sintered in a vacuum have 1.85–1.90 times higher mechanical strength compared to the same samples sintered in an argon atmosphere. In the second case, to increase the mechanical strength of porous titanium, it was proposed to use bidisperse mixtures consisting of fine and coarse titanium powders. For this purpose, up to 20 wt.% of a fine titanium powder with a particle size of 100–160, 40–100 or <40 μm was added to the titanium sponge powder with a particle size of 630–1000 μm. It was found that the introduction of 10–12 wt.% of the finest (<40 μm) titanium powder leads to a 4‑fold increase in the tensile strength of the porous material compared to porous materials made only from coarse (630–1000 μm) titanium powder of the same chemical composition.

The production activity of many industries is associated with the release of highly dispersed particles and aerosols, as well as the subsequent capture of fine particles. Such processes take place, for example, in the production of fillers and polymers, powdered pigments and chemicals, carbon black, plant protection chemicals, lime and cement, pulverized quartz and asbestos, in the melting of non-ferrous and rare metals. According to doctors, highly dispersed particles, penetrating into the alveoli of the lungs, cause various occupational diseases of workers in the mining, coal, machine-building industries – pneumoconiosis. For example, when working in the environment containing silicon dioxide dust, workers develop one of the severe forms of pneumoconiosis – silicosis, and exposure to beryllium dust causes a very serious disease – berylliosis. To purify air and other gases from mechanical impurities, a variety of physical forces and means are used: gravitational forces, inertial forces, centrifugal forces, electric interaction forces of charged particles, capillary forces, as well as filter partitions with the appropriate pore size. To solve the problem of cleaning indoor air from highly dispersed particles and aerosols that cause the greatest harm to health, in this paper it is proposed to use electrostatic filters that provide filtration in an electric field through highly porous cellular materials. As a result of the theoretical and experimental studies, the parameters of the cleaning process and the design parameters of the electrostatic filter were determined, ensuring high process performance and the degree of purification.

Heat pipes are designed to effective removing heat from heating elements and reducing the temperature of various devices. Heat pipes with capillary porous structures are designed to operate under conditions of unfavorable gravity forces. Their main advantages are their high heat transfer capacity, as well as the ability to retain the coolant in a capillary-porous structure under dynamic power loads. The purpose of this work is to study the process of obtaining capillary-porous materials from metal powders for heat pipes with increased efficiency of using the vibration molding method. The article substantiates the relevance of creating heat pipes from metal powders. The information about the influence of the contact angle, surface tension and capillary pressure on the heat transfer capacity of a heat pipe is provided. It is shown that for the efficient operation of the heat pipe it is necessary to create such a capillary structure of the porous material, which could simultaneously provide a high speed of movement of the coolant and its rise to a given height. The above requirements can be satisfied by creating a capillary structure using powder metallurgy methods by optimizing the distribution of pore sizes. In this case, the most promising method seems to be the method of molding when applying a vibration to a mold with a powder. It is possible to obtain the required pore distribution in this way by choosing the correct particle size, shape and vibration parameters. This makes it possible to ensure the packing of particles in size, which affects their packing density, pore size, tortuosity and length of pore channels. The distribution of the maximum pore sizes over the thickness of the samples obtained from powders of various granulometric composition with the use of vibration has been investigated. As a result, a process was developed for obtaining capillary structures by the method of vibration molding of metal powders, depending on the size of the powder particles, the amplitude and frequency of vibration. It is shown that this method can provide a given pore distribution of the capillary structure for heat pipes, which makes it possible to increase their heat transfer capacity.

Stricter requirements for the quality and reliability of manufactured products, as well as the need to increase the service life of machines, mechanisms and various devices, the operation of which is associated with the use of liquid or gas-air media, is the reason for the emergence of new and improvement of traditional methods for obtaining filter materials with higher performance characteristics. A method for a comprehensive analysis of the properties of regenerated filter materials for fine air purification is proposed. The overwhelming majority of filters, after their service life is exhausted, cannot be regenerated, since this, as a rule, is associated with high energy costs. At the same time, the development of methods for such regeneration is quite relevant from the point of view of resource conservation. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to use a number of physical research methods for the purpose of a comprehensive analysis of polymeric fibrous filter materials for air purification that have undergone regeneration. Filtration materials obtained by the «melt-blowing» method from polymer granules by processing the granulate in an extruder, aerodynamic spraying of the melt and the formation of a fibrous-porous layer on a forming mandrel were selected for research. The main filtration characteristics of the original and regenerated filter materials (breakthrough coefficient, aerodynamic drag),as well as the electrophysical properties of the primary and secondary filter materials, the presence of a spontaneous electret charge have been investigated. The main stages of regeneration and evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical and operational properties of fibrous-porous materials that have undergone secondary thermo-aerodynamic processing in comparison with the original ones are described. It is shown that the studied materials retain their basic properties, while the structure of the fibers changes and the electret effect is enhanced.

Приведены результаты исследований процесса получения глушителей шума пневматических систем с повышенной эффективностью из пористых порошковых материалов методом вибрационного формования.

One of the main means of reducing aerodynamic noise is the use of silencers, which can be made of various porous materials, depending on the specific operating conditions. The aim of the work is to study the dependence of the noise reduction on the characteristics of porous permeable materials (PPM) obtained by vibration molding from metal powders. Such PPMs have a wide range of porosity, high permeability, mechanical strength, provide the ability to work in a wide temperature range, high corrosion resistance, and therefore find more and more widespread application in practice. When designing silencers, their pore size, permeability, mechanical strength, cost, and the chemical composition of the material are taken into account. Basic research methods – determination of noise level, powder particle size, permeability coefficient, pore size. Vibration molding of PPM samples for experimental studies was carried out on a ВЭДС 10-1А vibration bench with vibration parameters that ensured the maximum bulk density of the powder in the mold (acceleration 10 m/s2, frequency 500 Hz). Main results – the dependence of the noise reduction value on the PPM characteristics obtained by the method of vibration molding of metal powders of various grades of various particle size distribution was studied. It has been shown that the most effective damping is provided by PPM from spherical bronze powder of the БрОФ10-1 grade with particle sizes of 350–400 microns, which provides at the same time a combination of a high level of noise reduction and high permeability to air or gas. It was found that the thickness of the muff significantly affects the efficiency of noise suppression, while the minimum thickness of the muff, which provides a sufficiently high degree of noise reduction, is about 3.5 mm, therefore it is not practical to increase the thickness of the muffler material above this value.

The results of the separation process of solid particle by size, shape and weight of due to vibration are shown. There are defined three possible states of the field of the dispersed solid particles in the mixture depending on the parameters of vibration exerted on the mixture: an area in which the compaction of the mixture, the area separating particles by size and weight, and the area of intense mixing mixture powders.

The results of the research on the process of material production based on porous titanium-containing particles of titanium dioxide for photocatalytic water treatment are listed. The results of the experimental studies have shown that the most effective water purification material using photocatalytic systems is the material obtained by chemical oxidation.

Information and mathematical models for risk assessment of reduced reliability professional personnel carrier hazardous industries are developed. A method of mathematical prognosis risk of reduced reliability of operators are proposed.

This work is devoted to the development of the evaluation method of the control system sustainability during the emergencies that will allow to predict the hazards and their affect scope on human and tangible assets. The account of the principal factors has been considered on the basis of the control system sustainability evaluation during the emergencies of man-induced nature. The evaluation functions have been analysed as well as the corresponding starting positions such as optimistic, pessimistic, neutral and relatively pessimistic.

The results of the theoretical and experimental studies of the process of producing a porous diamond tool with anisotropic pore structure for grinding and polishing works with flow in the treatment area coolant through the pores of the tool are given. On the basis of the conducted theoretical and experimental studies porous abrasive material, which allows to increase productivity when machining hard more than 65 % is developed.

The researching results of receiving process of highly effective porous materials from metal powders by molding in an electromagnetic field are given. Molding optimal regime of the porous materials used as filter elements are defined.

The paper presents an analysis of factors inducing an occurrence and development of technogenic emergencies. Zones of object destruction have been determined on a certain example. The object destruction is a result of the impulse wave occurred during an explosion of one propane tank.

The paper presents an analysis of factors inducing an occurrence and development of technogenic emergencies. Zones of object destruction have been determined on a certain example. The object destruction is a result of the impulse wave occurred during an explosion of one propane tank.

Разработаны информационная и математическая модели оценки риска снижения надежности профессиональной деятельности операторского персонала опасных производств. Предложен метод математического прогнозирования риска снижения надежности операторов. Ключевые слова: оператор, надежность, риск, прогнозирование, информационная модель, математическая модель.

The paper presents results of the investigations on the water purification process with the help of photocatalysis using the photocatalyst which is developed on the basis of porous titanium with the layer of nanoparticle layer of titanium dioxide and an experimental plant. The investigations results have shown high efficiency of the developed photocatalytic materials and a water purification plants

Выделены психофизиологические характеристики, пригодные для профессионального отбора операторов сложных технических систем, а также для ранней доклинической диагностики неврологических расстройств. Проведено экспериментальное исследование с использованием программного комплекса, определяющего выделенные психофизиологические характеристики, при участии здоровых людей и пациентов с невротическими расстройствами. Установлена зависимость между временем простой сенсомоторной реакции человека и текущим уровнем его работоспособности. Определены существенные различия корреляционных связей между психофизиологическими характеристиками здоровых людей и людей с невротическими расстройствами, затрагивающими нарушения когнитивного процесса. Выдвинута гипотеза о возможности использования разработанного комплекса компьютерных программ для исследования функционального состояния центральной нервной системы, включая доклиническую диагностику новообразований в глубоких подкорковых структурах головного мозга.

The paper presents results of the investigations on the water purification process with the help of photocatalysis using the photocatalyst which is developed on the basis of porous titanium with the layer of nanoparticle layer of titanium dioxide and an experimental plant. The investigations results have shown high efficiency of the developed photocatalytic materials and a water purification plants