The aim: obtain data on the biology, distribution and abundance of the Pacific ocean perch, Atka mackerel, by-catch species, and monitor aquatic biological resources.The methods: in the course of specialized fishing, fishing information was collected and ichthyological work was carried out according to the generally accepted methodology.The newness: expeditionary work is a continuation of many years of scientific research on the state of commercial populations of valuable fish species in the western part of the Bering Sea and Eastern Kamchatka and the North Kuril Islands.Results: concentrations of Pacific perch were noted in the area of Cape Kamchatsky, Cape Kronotsky, and in the area of Shiashkotan and Onekotan islands. The largest catches were recorded at Cape Kronotsky (2.25–5 tons/hour of trawling). The average length of the beaked perch decreased from north to south from 39 cm to 37 cm, weight — from 868 g to 681 g. The main concentrations of the Atka mackerel were noted in the area of Cape Afrika and Cape Kamchatsky (the largest catches are 8–10 tons/hour of trawling), at Kronotsky (5–9 tons/hour trawling) and Shiashkotan Island (15–40 tons/hour trawling). The average length of the Atka mackerel was 38–39.6 cm with a weight of 635–752 g.The practical significance: the results of this work will be taken into account when developing and updating materials for forecasting the total allowable and recommended catch and recommendations for efficient fishing.

Purpose of the work: analysis of the development of fisheries development in Russia in the first two decades of the 21st century, assessment of stock state and catches of fish resources, and identification of major factors of influence on these resources and fisheries. Methods used: the main source of information on the production in Russian fisheries was annual data on catches of fish and other aquatic biological resources and data on aquaculture production — Form No. 1-P (fish). Сatches and yields of fish resources were analyzed based on the operative reporting of enterprises and data of the industry monitoring system. For access and initial processing, the FMS analyst software was used.Novelty: an analysis of the regulatory and legal framework development is presented, materials from Russian fisheries for 2000–2020 are summarized and analyzed.Practical significance: the development of any type of economic activity is a continuous, but heterogeneous process, with periods of growth and decline of varying duration. Fishery is no exception. Throughout its history, the industrial fisheries in Russia have gone through a series of stages associated with changes in fisheries technology and evolution of fishing vessel design. The development of industrial fisheries was also related to such objective conditions as long-term climate changes, which influenced the state of fisheries resources.

The article presents data on the fishery and stock status of Pacific cod in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea for the period from 1968 to 2024. It is shown that the increase in commercial stocks of this species to an abnormally high level (1.1-1.6 million tons) was due to the warming of water masses in the north of the sea and the formation of an accessible food supply, which contributed to the emergence of several productive generations and determined a high level of fish migration from the eastern parts of the sea. The significant biomass of Pacific cod made it possible to increase its predicted and actual catches to 120.0 and 105.3 thousand tons, respectively. The process of cooling of the Bering Sea waters, which began in 2021, with a simultaneous increase in the area of the cold Laurentian spot, limiting the spread of cod aggregations to the north-west of the sea, the exit of numerous generations of 2011, 2017, 2018 from fishery and the lack of new productive generations led to a decrease in fish stocks and catches to the average long-term level. The ongoing processes in the population dynamics of Pacific cod in the northwestern Bering Sea and the accompanying consequences for the efficiency of its fishery must be taken into account when making specific management decisions regarding resource users of this species.

The data on the biology and fishing of pollock in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk collected during its monitoring on fishing vessels in the winter-spring period 2001–2021 are analyzed. Analysis of the dislocation of the fishing fleet makes it possible to trace the formation and distribution of pollock clusters. A significant amount of the collected material made it possible to characterize the dynamics of gonad maturation and the change in the size and age structure of individuals in commercial subzones. Pollock fishing usually began in the Kamchatka-Kuril subzone and partly in the North Okhotsk subzone in the area of the Swan Upland, with gradual development northward into Shelikhov Bay, Pritaui district and the North Okhotsk shelf. The basis of the catches was pollock at the age of 5–8 years at the pre-spawning stages of the development of sexual products. By-catch of juveniles varied from 0,5% (2009) to 63,5% (2018), averaging 23,5% in the North Okhotsk subzone, 34,8% in the West Kamchatka subzone and 15,5% in the Kamchatka-Kuril subzone.

Purpose of the work: to assess the condition and structure of the pollock stock in the period 2011–2020 based on the materials of scientific surveys carried out in the main areas of its reproduction in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Methods used: data on the biology and fishing of pollock were obtained during scientific trawling surveys in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk in the spring period 2011–2020. The areal method was used to calculate the abundance and biomass. Recalculation of the size composition of pollock in the age is carried out using the size-age key. Novelty: the elements of novelty are the analysis of the structure and dynamics of the pollock stock according to trawl surveys, as well as its fishing in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk over a ten-year period. The yield level of pollock generations at the age of one year and the age of near replenishment of the spawning stock, which appeared during the 2010s, was determined. Result: despite the heterogeneity of the size and age structure of pollock in the considered fishing subzones of the Sea of Okhotsk, the presence of high-yielding generations is usually manifested for the entire northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. The most significant fluctuations in pollock stocks were observed in the first half of the decade under review. During the 2010s, the trends in pollock catch in the North Okhotsk subzone and Kamchatka subzones coincided. The efficiency of pollock use in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk is characterized by maximum values. Practical significance: the results obtained on the dynamics and structure of the pollock stock in the North Okhotsk and two Kamchatka fishing subzones of the Sea of Okhotsk over a ten-year period will be used for prognostic purposes.

The purpose of the work: to identify the features of the distribution and biology of walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus, as well as to provide information on the reserves and development of its resources in the Bering Sea.Methods used: to achieve the goal, data on distribution, biology, biomass and fishery of walleye pollock were analyzed.Novelty: elements of novelty are generalized modern materials on the distribution, biology, stocks and fishery of walleye pollock.Practical significance: at the present stage, the East Bering Sea and northwestern pollock populations are at the average long-term level of biomass, their annual changes largely depend on the background conditions of the natural environment and the development of the food supply, which determine the scale of fish migration from the southeastern part of the Bering Sea to the northwestern and back. In the West Bering Sea walleye pollock, there is a trend towards a gradual recovery of stocks after a period of minimum values in the late 1990s — e arly 2000s. In general, the current state of walleye pollock stocks in the Bering Sea is characterized as stable, which maintains the fishery at a relatively high level. The results obtained in this work on the characteristics of the distribution and biology of walleye pollock, the state of its stocks and fishing will improve the efficiency of using the raw material base of marine fish in the Bering Sea.

Information on the distribution and main features of the biology of the largest groups of herring in the Bering Sea: Korfo-Karaginsky and the East Beringovomorskaya is presented. Data on the features of their reproduction are given. Showing the state of stocks and fishing.

The purpose of the work is to review the history of the development of walleye pollock stocks in the of Okhotsk sea, to analyze the fishery and the state of its stocks. Methods: literature data, materials of long-term surveys by VNIRO (1997–2002) on the walleye pollock spawning grounds of Western Kamchatka, as well as the R/V «Professor Kaganovsky» in the spring of 2022 were used. Fishery statistics of OSM Monitoring. Results: The maximum walleye pollock catch (0.91 million tons) in the North Sea of Okhotsk subarea was achieved in 1995. In the period 1998–2001 annual catches averaged 510 thousand tons, in 2002–2008 decreased to 210 thousand tons. Over the past decade, there has been a gradual increase in catch from 286 thousand tons in 2009 to 383 thousand tons in 2020. Pollock catches in the West Kamchatka and Kamchatka-K uril subzones after high fishery rates achieved in 1996–1997 (1.2 million tons), began to decline, falling in 2004 to 191 thousand tons, after which a tendency to their increase appeared. In the period 2016–2019 catches walleye pollock of East Okhotsk sea stabilized at the level of 617–618 thousand tons, in 2020 the catch amounted to 681 thousand tons. The walleye pollock stock in the East Sakhalin subzone is currently at a low level, its gradual recovery began in the mid-2000s in 2019–2020. its catch was 110 thousand tons. Novelty: New data on walleye pollock stocks in the Okhotsk Sea are presented. Based on the results of a trawl survey conducted in the spring of 2022, the total number of walleye pollock in the Okhotsk Sea was estimated at 56.043 billion ind., biomass — 13.497 million tons, while the commercial stock was estimated at 10.413 million tons and 21.964 billion ind. Maps of the distribution of adult walleye pollock and eggs in the Okhotsk Sea in the spring of 2022 are given. Practical significance: data on the status of walleye pollock stocks in the Okhotsk Sea will be used to prepare TAC materials, as well as recommendations for rational fishery.

Based on a model describing changes in the number and biomass of fish generations during the life cycle with natural mortality depending on the age of fish, quantitative characteristics of the conditional population of the Caspian Beluga, which is formed with an annual replenishment of 1.0 million copies, are calculated. young of the year. Calculations of the number, biomass, annual production and P/B — coefficients were also performed for conditional populations of Volga-Caspian fish included in the Beluga food spectrum. Studies have shown that the number and biomass of generations formed from fingerlings and conditional populations of the studied species depends on the growth rate of their young in the first year of life, as well as on the size and body weight at which 50 % of the individuals of the generations Mature. Among the studied fish species, Beluga is the most productive. The lowest generation productivity and high natural mortality are observed in populations of short-cycle, early-maturing fish-Caspian keels, gobies, aterines, etc. The number of generations of the studied species changes during their life according to decreasing curves, the biomass-according to single-vertex parabolic curves with a maximum occurring at the age of 50 % of puberty. The highest annual output and P/B coefficients are observed in individuals of younger age. Individual and group feed ratios of fish increase with age. Using a physiological method, individual and population nutritional needs of a conditional Beluga population with a 20 % catch of spawning stock were calculated. Based on the obtained data on the absolute age structure of the conditional Beluga population, individual annual food needs and products of the consumed feed base, the volumes of artificial and natural reproduction are calculated, which ensure the formation of reserves and obtaining catches in accordance with its annual food needs and the products of the used feed base.

Современная характеристика роста чёрного палтуса северо-западной части Берингова моряЕ. Н. Кузнецова, Н. П. Антонов, О

According to the bottom trawl-survey data, 97% of the ichthyomass in the southwestern region of the Kara Sea are composed of the Arctic cod Boreogadus saida; its stock is significantly higher than the previously registered resources. The Arctic cod is most unevenly distributed across the water area and capable to form the high-density aggregations, which can be caught by the targeted trawls. A wide range of the age composition (0+−6+), the size-age composition, and the growth rates of the Arctic cod in the trawl catches in the Kara Sea, which are different from those in the fish in the adjacent Barents Sea, can indicate their assignment of the Arctic cod in these seas to different populations.

The biological characteristics of the giant grenadier Albatrossia pectoralis and its spatial and vertical distribution of catches are considered based on the results of experimental fisheries of the deepwater fishes by the bottom traps in four regions of Russian far-eastern waters (Pacific waters of the south-eastern coast of Kamchatka, western part of the Bering Sea, ridge of Shirshov, waters around the Commander Islands). Changing of the catch sizes depending on the depth of fishing, soak time, and fishing area is analyzed; the questions concerned with eating away of fishes by amphipods (Amphipoda) are considered.