在线职业证书项目背景 近年来,随着移动互联网,云服务和大数据的迅猛发展,在线教育正在为学生订制个性化的学习方式."互联网+"战略的提出为在线教育提供了发展创新的新机遇,越来越多的在线教育机构投身到教育改革浪潮中.在这一新形势下,许多大学开始积极寻求与在线教育企业的合作,依托第三方课程平台,开展在线课程的建设和应用.在线课程的特点之一就是具有"开放性",即通过课程推广让优质课程资源惠及更广阔的学习者群体,促进教育公平.

新冠肺炎疫情期间,为应对高等教育面临的重大挑战,在线教育得到快速发展.在此背景下,作为传统课堂与在线教育相结合的教学模式,融合式教学的优势进一步得到验证,但其在体系建立、课堂互动、资源整合等方面研究的不足也同时存在.基于此,文章首先梳理了融合式教学的内涵与特点,并在分析研究现状的基础上挖掘问题.随后,文章分析、总结了清华大学线上线下融合式教学的主要特点,即在构建全体系融合式教学的基础上,实现深度(利用数据增强实时同步互动)与广度(推动国内外资源整合)的拓展.最后,文章根据清华大学线上线下融合式教学的经验得到启示,提出了未来研究深化探索的方向,包括进一步建立健全机制、研发应用信息技术、持续拓展"融合"的概念,以期为后疫情时代在线教育的进一步发展提供参考.

Meta-analysis is a crucial tool for accumulating evidence in basic and applied research. In the open science era, meta-analysis becomes an important way for integrating open data from different sources. Meanwhile, because of researchers’ high degree of freedom introduced by multiple-steps and multiple-choices in each step of meta-analysis, the openness and transparency are crucial for reproducing the results of meta-analysis. To reflect the transparency and openness of meta-analysis reports published in Chinese journals and improve the transparency and openness of future meta-analysis by Chinese researchers, we developed a Chinese version of a checklist for meta-analysis (Preferred Reporting Items for Open and Reproducible Meta-analysis, PRIOR-MA), which was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the principle of openness and transparency. We then surveyed the methods and results of 68 meta-analysis papers published in mainstream Chinese psychological journals in the last five years. Our results revealed that the openness and transparency of Chinese meta-analysis reports need to be improved, especially in the following aspects: the date/time and limitation of literature search, the details of screening and data collection, the flow chart of article screening, the details of effect size transformation, and the evaluation of individual research bias. The checklist, which lists almost all aspects that an open meta-analysis should include, can be used as a guide for future meta-analysis. This paper provides a comprehensive checklist (PRIOR-MA) for open meta-analysis, and provides a reference for future meta-analytic research.