建筑领域的节能减排对减轻环境污染和降低能源消耗起到重要作用,而政策的出台能大力推进节能减排稳步前进.文章以某市为例,通过内容分析法,建立节能减排分析的三维体系图,对政策文本进行量化分析,通过政策文本工具、建筑全生命周期、时间三个维度对该市20年间的政策文本进行分析,结果发现:政策文本方面,信息型占据了政策工具的主要部分,直接型次之,而在直接型的节能减排措施中,相关规范标准占据比例较大,自愿协议型政策工具占比最少.政策工具在全生命周期上呈现出在规划设计和建造阶段重点突出,而在材料准备、运营维护和报废回收阶段出现较大不足,前者包含有4种类型的政策且数量占比最大.材料准备阶段中材料的生产、运输,均会产生大量能耗,是发掘巨大节能潜力的阶段,文章针对政策中存在的不足之处提出了一定的改进方案.

研究了城市工程施工中的碳排放减少策略与实践,在明确影响工程施工碳排放主要因素的基础上,从材料采购、构件生产、运输控制、节能技术、节材技术、保护绿地、人员管理等方面出发,分析了行之有效的碳排放减少措施,有利于提高城市工程整体绿色节能水平,全面实践碳达峰、碳中和发展理念,实现更好的综合效益.

运用数值分析法创建了三维有限元模型,通过调整桩基与隧道的相对位置、隧道埋设深度、水平净距、桩基本体半径等方式,更加科学合理地探讨静压桩基施工给既有地铁隧道带来的影响.统计结果发现,对桩基侧面施工操作时会使隧道局部形体出现较大的改变,并且伴随桩身与隧道水平净距数值的增加,在传递过程中变形量值呈现出渐进式衰减态势,扰动因素给浅埋隧道带来了较显著的影响,实际工程中出现了较大的形变;桩基半径扩增同样会使隧道结构变形问题更加严重.

主要研究可持续发展视角下的绿色施工技术与策略,在明确绿色施工概念内涵的基础上,从节材、节水、节能、节地等方面出发,分析了资源节约技术和相关保护措施,包括提高传统资源的利用率,积极开发应用新技术、新工艺、新材料,采用以BIM为代表的智能建造技术等.

文章以某装配式建筑为研究对象,对比全国住宅项目与装配式建筑能源消耗、资源消耗以及污染物排放总量,并对比装配式建筑与传统建筑在主体建造阶段与装修阶段节能减排的效益,最后提出装配式建筑节能减排方法.结果表明,此装配式建筑REPI值(0.42)远低于社会平均REPI值(1.00),其中能源消耗、资源消耗、污染物排放的REPI值分别为0.38、0.51、0.15,说明此装配式建筑节能减排效果较好.与传统施工相比,装配式建筑主体建造阶段主要为工厂预制生产,材料的节约主要在用水、混凝土材料以及钢材.装配式建筑主体建造比传统住宅施工污染物排放更低,固体垃圾与木材节省率较高分别为59.49％、50.00％,装配式建筑在油、木材、污水减排以及固体垃圾方面节能减排效益较好.与传统施工相比,装配式建筑在装修阶段水节约量与废水排放效果显著,分别减少81.25％、82％,能耗与垃圾分别减小47.48％、40％.这是因为传统装修施工为湿作业,水资源消耗较大,污水排放较大.此外,传统装修施工还会产生粉尘和杂音污染.

在双碳战略的大背景下,装配式建筑将是我国建筑业实现转型升级的关键线路.从国家政策大力支持、装配式技术逐渐成熟、建筑企业越来越重视以及保障性住房市场方兴未艾来看,我国装配式建筑目前正处于欣欣向荣的发展阶段,其中装配式钢结构(PS)因其污染度低、工业化程度高、施工周期短、人工成本低等优势,无疑将成为行业发展的重中之重.

Through the research of deep foundation excavation drilling secant piles wall construction technology,the single mechanical construction secant piles wall of tradition is changed. On the premise of guaranteeing the quality of pile,it can improve the efficiency of construction to reduce the project cost. Combined with the engineering example, the feasibility and popularization value of this process are verified,and the reference experience is provided for the construction of the secant pile wall in the large scale deep foundation excavation,which has better application value.

Combining with the project of Hanguo City Commercial Center,the concrete molding temperature is controlled in 35℃ in summer construction,meanwhile,the concrete strength and its working performance are ensured by taking the measures of optimizing the concrete mix proportion,controlling the materials machining temperature and the pumping temperature.The practice shows that the acceptance standard of C80 concrete is put forward,the concrete cracks are reduced,and the quality of walls and the columns are guaranteed from improving the pouring types and taking reasonable maintenance method.

Combining with the project of Hanguo City Commercial Center,BIM technology is used to resolve the construction emphasis and construction difficulties,and the corresponding measures are introduced.The BIM technology is described in the idea route of the technology application process,the roles in the refuge layers construction and the solving problems.

The structure of Investment Inviting Bureau Plaza in Shanghai is lower tension and upper harvested structure,combined with engineering characteristics,the construction key points and difficulties of cantilever outside scaffold are introduced.

The Merchants Plaza project in Shenzhen is designed with special shape,which plan turns larger from bottom to storey 10 and then changing smaller to the top floor.The special shape decides the inclination of the 16 steel tube frame columns and difficulties in construction and measuring of the columns.According to the features of columns,the measuring and controlling technology are indicated.Some key methods are introduced including setup of plan and elevation control network,fabrication of steel tube columns,measuring and controlling of the inclined columns,as well as measuring and correction of installation precision.The mentioned methods ensure the dimensions and overall deviation of inclined steel tube columns to realize the designed appearance of complex super-high-rise building.

Combining structure of concrete filled steel tube columns,steel reinforced concrete columns and steel and concrete composite beams are widely used in Merchants Plaza project in Shenzhen.The intelligent material of PZT is adopted in 4 typical positions to monitor and evaluate the structure.Taking the second segment concrete filled steel tube columns at the ground floor as example which is 7m in height,the application of PZT in capability monitoring of combining structure is introduced.Moreover,the monitoring principle,operation methods,monitoring schemes,implement process and data analysis are introduced.The results show that the monitoring effect is good.

A new semantic pattern for restricted domain Chinese question Answering system is proposed in this paper, which establishes the domain knowledge and lexical chains of the sentence chunk according to the question semantic roles with the help of Hownet. On this basis, the question similarity calculation, candidate question sorting and the indexing method is implemented in the question answering system using the semantic pattern. The result of the telecom product question answering system shows that the question semantic pattern is more feasible and effective than other methods.

In this paper,the scheduling of independent tasks on the tree-based grid where resources have different computation and communication speeds is discussed.In contrast to minimizing the total execution time of tasks,this paper proposes an improved integral linear planning model.In order to overcome the time complexity when calculating the optimal number of tasks assigned to each node of the multi-level tree,the Push-Pull method is adopted to transform the linear planning of multi-level tree into a single-level one,thus greatly reducing the time complexity.Moreover,according to the calculated approximate number of the assigned optimal tasks,a static distributed heuristic task scheduling algorithm is put forward.Analytical and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than other ones in the condition of scheduling lots of independent tasks on heterogeneous tree-based grid.

目前,随着国家宏观政策调控的进行,以及房地产企业的进一步整合,房地产咨询企业间的竞争日趋激烈.面对新的形势,房地产咨询代理企业如何生存,如何提高自己的竞争力,这是非常现实的问题.房地产咨询代理企业只有放弃过去那种小规模、单打独斗的方式,走联合、协作之路,为房地产开发商提供高质量的全程咨询服务,才能摆脱不利的竞争局面.