Objective To investigate the correlation between family environment,cognitive disposition,self-esteem and adolescent social phobia.Methods 110 adolescents with social phobia and 142 healthy control subjects were selected.They were surveyed by Family Environment Scale of Chinese version (FES-CV),cognitive appraisal orientation test (CAOT),and Self-Esteem Scale (SES).Moreover,the adolescents with social phobia were administered with Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD).Results When compared with the controls,the score of adolescent social phobia group showed significantly lower score in total and optimistic factor of CAOT,cohesion,expressiveness,achievement,activerecreational orientation,organization and self-esteem; but higher in conflict factor.The analysis of the results showed that SAD was significantly and negatively correlated with the score of total and optimistic factor of CAOT,cohesion,expressiveness and SES,while was significantly and positively correlated with the score of conflict factor.The seriousness of the condition was significantly negatively related to the score of optimistic factor,cohesion,expressiveness and SES,while the onset age was significantly positively related to them.The clinical course was significantly negatively related to the cohesion,expressiveness and self-esteem,while was significantly positively related to the score of conflict.Conclusions Negative cognitive disposition,lower cohesion,less expressiveness,higher conflict and lower self-esteem are the major factors that could affect the onset of adolescent social phobia.The more negative the cognitive disposition is,the lower the cohesion,the expressiveness and the self-esteem are,the earlier the onset age and the more serious the illness is.The longer clinical course is in ration to lower cohesion,less expressiveness,higher conflict and lower self-esteem.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of paroxetine replacing tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the treatment of depression. Method:The patients diagnosed as recurrent depression which received 6-week treatment of TCAs with enough dose,and reported being improved or worse,were randomly assigned into two groups.The subjects in intervention group stopped receiving TCAs slowly, and meanwhile received paroxetine step by step.The subjects in control group still received TCAs.The efficacy of all subjects was assessed from baseline to the end of the first,second,fourth and the eighth week respectively, with HAMD,GAS,CGI-SI.Side effects were evaluated with TESS. Results:There were significant differences in the scores of HAMD,GAS,CGI-SI at the end of two weeks treatment in the intervention group,compared to the beginning of the intervention.There were significant differences in the scores of HAMD,GAS at the end of four weeks treatment in the control group,CGI-SI at the end of eight weeks treatment. Conclusion:Paroxetine replacing TCAs in the treatment of depression is safe and effective.

目的:探讨考试对小学生情绪的影响及情绪与考试成绩的关系.方法:应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS),分别于期末考试前和后1周评定焦虑、抑郁情绪,并比较不同考试成绩者的焦虑、抑郁情况.结果:考前1周存在明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪,焦虑发生率为30.33%、抑郁为25%,二者均有者为12.33%.男女学生间焦虑、抑郁情绪评分差异不显著.考前SAS、SDS评分与考试成绩呈负相关.结论:考试应激明显影响情绪,情绪变化对考试成绩有影响.

目的 探讨卒中后躁狂与早发躁狂、晚发躁狂的临床特征。方法 将符合CCMD-2-R躁狂发作诊断标准的25例卒中后躁狂患者与16～30岁首发躁狂的早发组、60岁以后首发躁狂的晚发组进行对照。结果 卒中组较早发组男性多见,少有家族史,个性多内向,多伴与心境不协调的被害妄想、记忆减退、计算力下降、表情欣快、情感不稳等器质性表现;且在合并用药及剂量方面有差异。与晚发组相比,起病多缓慢,且多无诱因。三者临床疗效均较好。结论 卒中后躁狂、早发躁狂、晚发躁狂各有其临床特征。