分析了中国老龄化的严重性,以及社会失智老年人康复专业人才需求.通过"1+X"失智老年人照护证书制度与康复治疗学专业人才培养方案融合,紧密结合专业、课程和教师队伍建设,深化"三教"改革,促进校企合作,建好用好实训基地.应推进"1"和"X"的有机衔接,提升专业的教育质量和学生的就业能力,培养出适应现代康复医学的复合型、实用型康复治疗技术人才.

在教育部"1+X"失智老年人照护证书制度下,厦门医学院将"1+X"证书内容有机融入康复专业人才培养方案.为更好地了解康复治疗学专业学生对失智老年人照护课程的认知程度、学习情况、教学方法的满意度以及课程对未来职业规划的影响,对该课程进行教学改革研究.分别对厦门医学院 2018 级、2019 级、2020 级 3 个年级 177 名选课学生进行问卷调查,通过对调查结果进行分析与总结,发现课程教学环节中存在的问题,从而针对性地进行教学改革,增强课程教学效果,为培养学生失智老年人康复能力奠定基础,也为学生从事老年康复相关职业起到铺垫作用.

Objective:To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) with Quchi and Zusanli acupoints on the regulation of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) on the proliferation of reactive astrocytes in the ischemic peripheral area of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods:A total of 40 male rats were randomly assigned into sham group, model group, EA group, EA+miR-34a inhibitor group and EA+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group, with 8 rats in each group. Preparation of a left focal middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion injury (MCAO) rat model using the Koizumi method. EA was applied at ipsilateral Quchi and Zusanli after operation, 30 min once a day until animals were sacrificed. The neurological scores of rats in each group before and after the EA intervention were compared, the behavioral Rat Rota-Rod test was performed after 3 d of the EA intervention, and the co-location condition of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) was detected by immunofluorescence staining; Reverse transcription real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative expression of miR-34a in the ischemic peripheral area.Results:After 3 d of EA intervention, the neurological deficit symptoms and residence time on Rota-Rod rotating rod of MCAO rats were significantly improved compared to the EA group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The expression of miR-34a in the model group was significantly higher than that in the Sham surgery group, the expression of miR-34a in the EA group and the EA+DMSO group was higher than that in the model group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The expression of GFAP+/Brdu+ positive cells in the ischemic pericortical area of rats in both the model group and the EA group increased, and the increase was more significant in the EA group compared to the model group, the expression of GFAP+/Brdu+ positive cells in the EA+miR-34a inhibitor group was lower than that of the EA group and the EA+DMSO group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture could promote the reactive astrocyte proliferation in ischemic peripheral areas by regulation of miR-34a expression.

在各专业院校都在提倡共享型实验室建设的形势下,以厦门医学院3大实验中心为例,从现状到可行性,再到共享模式探寻医学院校共享实验室的建设与思考.