Aim:To investigate potential types of food avoidance among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and identify the contributing factors. Background:Food avoidance may be an important risk factor for poor physical and mental health in patients with IBD. However, there is limited research on food avoidance within the Chinese context. Methods:Between July 2022 and December 2023, patients with IBD during appointment at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University was investigated with paper questionnaires to assess food avoidance, food category avoidance, fear of disease progression, negative illness perception, IBD-related self-efficacy, and social support. Demographic and disease-related characteristics were also collected. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to examine food avoidance in patients with IBD, and the correlates were investigated using regression analysis. Results:LPA showed that respondents could be classified into three groups in terms of food avoidance, namely, the mild-food avoidance adaptation group (n = 72, 22.29%), the moderate-food pleasure deficiency group (n = 163, 50.46%), and the severe-food avoidance impairment group (n = 88, 27.24%). The total number of avoided foods in the three groups was 2.78 ± 2.37, 3.59 ± 2.49, and 3.89 ± 2.51, respectively (p = 0.02). In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, higher levels of fear of disease progression and negative perceptions were associated with the severe avoidance group. In contrast, patients in remission were more likely to fall into the mild and moderate avoidance groups. Conclusion:Patients with IBD may exhibit long-term, spontaneous food avoidance, which often presents at high levels. Furthermore, patients with IBD exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their food avoidance patterns, categorizing them into three distinct categories. Future dietary management strategies should be tailored based on the specific characteristics and predictive factors of these food avoidance patterns. Implications for Nursing Management:Given the prevalence and heterogeneity of food avoidance in patients with IBD, nurse managers should implement stratified interventions tailored to patient characteristics. Training nurses in culturally sensitive dietary education and emotional regulation strategies may improve the management of food-related behaviors and support patients' adaptive coping with the disease.

Background:Fear of progression (FoP) is one of the most prevalent psychological responses among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), impairing mental health and quality of life. However, research on the heterogeneity of illness perceptions among CKD patients remains limited, and the relationship between distinct perception profiles and FoP is not yet well understood. This study aimed to identify latent profiles of illness perception in CKD patients and examine their associations with FoP. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, a total of 428 CKD patients were recruited from four tertiary hospitals through convenience sampling between May 1, 2023, and April 30, 2024. Participants completed questionnaires assessing demographic and clinical characteristics, illness perception, FoP, psychological flexibility, family resilience, and social support. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify illness perception profiles, multinomial logistic regression was used to examine predictors of profile membership, and stratified regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between illness perception profiles and FoP. Results:Latent profile analysis identified three distinct illness perception profiles. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that CKD stage, number of concomitant symptoms, psychological flexibility, family resilience, and social support significantly predicted the latent profiles of illness perception (P < 0.05). Stratified regression analysis further demonstrated that illness perception profiles were independently predicted FoP after controlling for key demographic and clinical variables. Conclusion:CKD patients exhibit heterogeneity in illness perception. Illness perception profiles were associated with FoP. Distinct illness perception profiles are associated with FoP, and are influenced by key psychosocial factors. These findings support the development of tailored, perception-based interventions to reduce FoP among CKD patients.

BackgroundIn people with diabetes, strong psychological resilience can help them effectively adapt to the lifestyle changes and emotional fluctuations caused by the disease. Integrating quantitative research (identifying key factors and their statistical associations) and qualitative research (exploring in-depth individual experiences) can provide a more comprehensive understanding of resilience facilitators, which has important implications for integrating resilience interventions into future psychological care practices.ObjectiveInformed by the resilience framework, this study elucidates the factors contributing to the development of a positive level of psychological resilience and examines how/why people responded to diabetes.DesignConvergent mixed-methods study with a phenomenological qualitative component.MethodsThis mixed-methods study combined a cross-sectional survey (N = 290) with in-depth interviews (N = 15) in two hospitals in China (Sep–Nov 2023). Quantitatively, standardized questionnaires assessed psychological resilience in adults (≥18y) with physician-diagnosed diabetes. Qualitatively, phenomenological interviews explored post-diagnosis psychological experiences and resilience facilitators guided by Kumpfer's resilience framework. Regression and thematic analyses were applied, with joint displays for integration.ResultsA total of 290 people with diabetes completed the survey questionnaires, and 15 completed an interview. From the environmental context, social support (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) and social resources accessibility enhanced resilience. Regarding internal resiliency factors, self-efficacy (β = 0.99, p < 0.001) and positive mindset emerged as strong positive correlates, while depression (β = –29.31, p < 0.001) constituted a significant barrier. Notably, qualitative research revealed a novel dimension of “Altruism”—many patients cited responsibility for their children's health as a driving force. Additionally, Qualitative data added “diabetes learning journey” and “physiological reserve” as internal resilience resources. The most compelling findings emerged from Person-environmental transactional process: quantitative data showed avoidance coping to be ineffective (p = 0.81). Acceptance coping showed paradox: harmful quantitatively (β = –0.98) but helpful qualitatively. This discrepancy likely stems from the fundamental difference between “adaptive acceptance” vs. “passive surrender.” Both cognitive reappraisal and the power of role models promoted resilience. The most crucial integrative finding reveals a bidirectional reinforcement between psychological resilience and self-efficacy, challenging traditional unidirectional models.ConclusionsOptimizing resilience facilitators while addressing barriers is likely to be associated with higher psychological resilience in diabetes patients. Key findings demonstrate the importance of expanding social support networks and promoting resources access, empowering patients through positive mindset building and cognitive reappraisal techniques (e.g., humor coping, benefit-finding), and implementing motivational strategies anchored in altruism (e.g., family health goals). The study particularly underscores the need to differentiate adaptive acceptance from passive surrender in coping processes. In clinical and psychological practice, dynamic monitoring tools should be integrated to quantify the dual effects of acceptance coping and track the bidirectional reinforcement cycle between resilience and self-efficacy. Systematically incorporating these strategies into chronic disease health education and psychological interventions may be beneficial for both mental health and disease management.

Previous studies showed that nonrestorative sleep (NRS) was associated with various adverse outcomes. This study aimed to explore whether NRS was associated with self-injury behavior, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Adolescents attending Grades 7–12 in Nanjing, China, were invited to participate in this longitudinal school-based survey from January 11 to 23, 2024 (T1) and from May 16 to 26, 2024 (T2). The Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS), Perceived Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10, and Family APGAR Index were employed to assess NRS, stress, depression, and family function at T1, respectively. The self-injury behavior, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts during the last four months were measured at T2. Multivariable logistic regressions were applied to investigate the associations of NRS with self-injury behavior, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Stratified analyses were conducted to explore gender-specific effects, and the area under curve was calculated to explore the predictive ability of NRS. Totally, 322 adolescents (57.1

Objectives: The study aimed to explore social alienation types in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and identify influencing factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using purposive sampling among patients with IBD from July 2022 to July 2023. Patients were assessed using the Generalized Social Alienation Scale (GSAS), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ). Demographic and disease-related characteristics were also collected. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify potential subgroups of social alienation. Univariate analysis and multicollinearity analysis were conducted to explore the influencing factors, followed by multiple regression analysis to evaluate the effect of influencing factors on social alienation. Results: Three distinct profiles of social alienation were identified: integrated-low alienation group (n = 61, 20.20 %), accommodative-moderate alienation group (n = 195, 64.57 %), and maladaptive-high alienation group (n = 46, 15.23 %). Seven characteristics were associated with the profile’s membership: self-perceived financial stress, malnutrition risk, disease duration, illness comprehensibility, anxiety, depression, and acceptance-resignation coping mode. Conclusions: Patients with IBD were categorized into three subgroups based on social alienation levels. Financial stress, malnutrition risk, disease duration, illness comprehensibility, anxiety, depression, and acceptance-resignation coping mode were key predictors of the subgroup membership. Targeted interventions should be developed to mitigate the negative effects of social alienation, with a focus on improving illness perception, alleviating anxiety and depression, and promoting effective coping strategies.

BACKGROUND:Food avoidance, common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), impacts their recovery and psychological health. However, limited insight is provided in the literature regarding the food avoidance experiences and perceptions of patients. A systematic qualitative synthesis exploring these experiences and perceptions may be expected to enhance scholarly understanding of their implications for IBD. PURPOSE:This study was developed to review and characterize existing qualitative studies on food avoidance in patients with IBD and to use relevant data from previous studies to guide and optimize diet management strategies for patients. METHODS:Eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, and three Chinese databases) were searched to identify qualitative studies on the food avoidance experiences and perspectives of patients with IBD. Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) Qualitative Checklists were applied to appraise the included studies, and a meta-synthesis approach was used to analyze the data. The findings and quotations from the studies were recharacterized into new themes and categories using inductive thematic synthesis and reciprocal interpretation. RESULTS:Of the 1,224 studies retrieved, 19 were included in this meta-synthesis. The experiences and feelings of food avoidance in patients with IBD included the four categories of Coping Strategies, Disruption of Life and Mood, Needs and Expectations, and Social Alienation, from which the following eleven themes were derived: (a) motivations and perspectives, (b) safe recipes updated in failure, (c) positive impact, (d) reshaping life planning and increasing life stress, (e) negative emotional challenges, (f) the role of family and friends in dietary management, (g) workplace support deficiencies, (h) lack of professional dietary guidelines, (i) alienation from intimacy, (j) alienation of culinary culture, and (k) social distancing. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:The findings of this study highlight the complexities that underlie food avoidance behaviors in people with IBD and reveal the challenges faced by patients in managing their diet and emotions. The importance of personalized dietary guidance based on food avoidance, negative emotion de-escalation, and strong social support for disease management is highlighted.

The purpose of this review was to examine the characteristics of published photovoice method studies for people with diabetes, including the purposes, the methodological variations, and the main strengths and challenges during photovoice research. A scoping review was conducted with citations retrieved from the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies published before 18 March 2023, when the search was conducted, were included. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Synthesizing all the included sources of evidence, study purposes fell into three domains: using photovoice in the context of a multi-component intervention(N = 2), examining the feasibility and effectiveness of modified photovoice method(N = 2), exploring the experiences and needs of diabetes or the issues related to diabetes self-management(N = 9). The photovoice method contributes to recording and reflecting on communities’ strengths and concerns, facilitating critical dialogue. Only three studies discussed explicitly and documented its impact on reaching policymakers and social change. The photovoice method is a useful research approach for yielding vast visual information to identify divergences on which to focus and then generate policy recommendations and promote health behavior practices. However, substantial challenges remain in the implementation of photovoice research, which limits its practical benefits. Consistent reporting of the research steps and study findings, such as using a reporting flow diagram, is needed to help maintain order in the photovoice method.

BACKGROUND:The implementation of diabetes prevention programs in primary care settings faces numerous challenges. Integrating the perspectives of various stakeholders is crucial for understanding these challenges. This meta-synthesis aims to identify and synthesize current evidence on the perceived facilitators and barriers of implementing diabetes prevention programs in primary care settings from the viewpoint of different stakeholders. METHODS:Six databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were searched to identify qualitative studies. Potential studies were assessed for eligibility based on pre-set criteria. Quality appraisal was done on the included studies, and data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and synthesized using Normalization Process Theory. RESULTS:A total of 27 studies involving 481 patients and 297 stakeholders were included. Facilitators for patient engagement in diabetes prevention programs included accurate risk perception, recognition of program benefits, effective communication and promotion of program, tailored intervention content, supportive relationships with stakeholders, and ongoing monitoring and feedback. Barriers included risk underestimation, limited program awareness, complex or unclear intervention designs, constrained resources, and insufficient post-program support. For stakeholders, key facilitators were pre-implementation training, clear role assignment, inter-organizational collaboration, and effective feedback mechanisms to assess program quality. Barriers included communication breakdowns, undefined responsibilities, and limited time, staffing, and funding. These findings, mapped to the Context-Mechanism-Outcome framework, revealed multi-level factors influencing the implementation and sustainability of diabetes prevention programs. CONCLUSIONS:This meta-synthesis highlights the importance of targeted education and structured risk communication to enhance patient awareness of prediabetes risks and program benefits. Personalized and actionable intervention strategies, combined with timely monitoring and feedback, can support patient adherence. Effective implementation also requires well-trained stakeholders, clearly defined roles, and adequate resources. To ensure long-term impact, future research should address the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of implementing diabetes prevention programs in primary care settings.

BACKGROUND:Work engagement is vitally crucial in nursing practice. While hindrance-challenge stress significantly influence work engagement across many professions, their specific effects and underlying mechanisms in nursing remain unclear. AIMS:To investigate how hindrance-challenge stress affect nurses' work engagement, examining the mediating role of self-regulatory fatigue and the moderating role of self-compassion. METHODS:A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 559 nurses in a public tertiary medical center in Nanjing, China. Standardized measures for hindrance-challenge stress, self-regulatory fatigue, work engagement, and self-compassion were employed, and a moderated mediation model was tested via the PROCESS macro in SPSS software (v22.0). RESULTS:Hindrance stress reduced work engagement both directly and indirectly via self-regulatory fatigue. Challenge stress influenced work engagement only indirectly through self-regulatory fatigue. Self-compassion moderated the direct effect of hindrance stress, weakening its negative impact on work engagement among nurses with high self-compassion. CONCLUSIONS:Hindrance and challenge stress diminish nurses' work engagement through self-regulatory fatigue, with self-compassion mitigating the direct detrimental impact of hindrance stress. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT:Nursing leaders can enhance nurses' work engagement by mitigating hindrance-challenge stress and alleviating self-regulatory fatigue. This may be achieved through improved working conditions, optimized workload allocation, and the provision of robust organizational support resources. Furthermore, fostering self-compassion is essential, as it serves to buffer the detrimental effects of hindrance stress on engagement. Nurse managers are encouraged to implement interventions such as compassion-focused therapy or mindful self-compassion training to help maintain nurses' engagement in high-demand clinical environments.

Food intake disorders are costly to treat,with an increasing prevalence over the years,and a higher risk of mortality compared to other psychiatric disorders.Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder(ARFID),as a relatively new type of food intake disorder,is more prevalent in children and adolescents than in other age groups,affecting their normal growth and development,as well as psychosocial functioning.Currently,there are more foreign studies,while domestic studies are still in the initial stage.Therefore,this paper reviews assessment tools,influencing factors and treatment approaches for ARFID in children and adolescents,with the aim of providing a reference for related research in China.

Background: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of an early-graded pulmonary rehabilitation training program on patients undergoing mechanical ventilation due to brainstem hemorrhage. Methods: Eighty patients receiving mechanical ventilation due to brainstem hemorrhage at our hospital's neurosurgery department between August 2022 and October 2023 were enrolled as participants. A sampling table was generated based on the order of admission, and 80 random sequences were generated using SPSS software. These sequences were then sorted in ascending order, with the first half designated as the control group and the second half as the intervention group, each comprising 40 cases. The control group received standard nursing care for mechanical ventilation in brainstem hemorrhage cases, while the intervention group underwent early-graded pulmonary rehabilitation training in addition to standard care. This intervention was conducted in collaboration with a multidisciplinary respiratory critical care rehabilitation team. The study compared respiratory function indices, ventilator weaning success rates, ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence, mechanical ventilation duration, and patient discharge duration between the 2 groups. Results: The comparison between patients in the observation group and the control group regarding peak expiratory flow and maximum inspiratory pressure on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 revealed statistically significant differences (P < .05). Additionally, there was a statistically significant interaction between the main effect of intervention and the main effect of time (P < .05). The success rate of ventilator withdrawal was notably higher in the observation group (62.5%) compared to the control group (32.5%), with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). Moreover, the incidence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was significantly lower in the observation group (2.5%) compared to the control group (17.5%) (P < .05). Furthermore, both the duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization were significantly shorter in the observation group compared to the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: Early-graded pulmonary rehabilitation training demonstrates effectiveness in enhancing respiratory function, augmenting the ventilator withdrawal success rate, and reducing both the duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in mechanically ventilated patients with brainstem hemorrhage. These findings suggest the potential value of promoting the application of this intervention in clinical practice.

AIM:To investigate whether resilience mediates the connection between caregiver burden and hope among caregivers of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN:A cross-sectional study. METHODS:Two hundred patients with IBD were conveniently sampled from two tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. The main instruments involved the Zarit Burden Interview, the 10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale, and the Herth Hope Index. We conducted descriptive analysis and Pearson correlations using SPSS 25.0. The PROCESS v3.3 macro analysed the mediating effect. We report the results in line with the STROBE checklist. RESULTS:Caregiver burden was significantly negatively connected with hope and resilience, whereas resilience positively correlated with hope. The mediation role of resilience was significant in the relationship between caregiver burden and hope, with mediating effects accounting for 47.86% of the overall effect. CONCLUSIONS:Resilience partially mediates the association between caregiver burden and hope among patients with IBD. This finding highlights the protective role of resilience in undermining caregiver burden and strengthening hope. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:In clinical practice, healthcare providers should perform routine psychological assessments for caregivers of patients with IBD. Furthermore, resilience training should be incorporated into interventions to alleviate caregiver burden and enhance hope. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION:None.

Background:Dietary therapy may potentially reduce inflammation and promote mucosal healing in patients with Crohn's disease and is associated with fewer side effects and lower cost compared to medical therapy. Recently the Crohn's disease exclusion diet (CDED) has been developed to reduce exposure to individualized dietary components which negatively affect the intestine in patients with Crohn's disease. Objectives:This systematic review aimed to explore the effectiveness of CDED in Crohn's disease patients. Design:A systematic review. Data sources and methods:A systematic search was performed on the PubMed, EBSCOhost, Cochrane library, OVID, Embase, Scopus, and CINHAL to identify relevant clinical trials published from 1 January 2014 to 31 August 2022. Results:A total of 1120 studies were identified and 7 studies were finally included in the analysis. The study was reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement. Conclusion:Our findings suggested that the use of CDED seemed to be effective for induction and maintenance of remission in children and adults with mild to moderate Crohn's disease. However, heterogeneity and limitations existed among the studies included. Further investigation in the form of well-designed randomized clinical trials is needed to validate the present findings. Registration:PROSPERO registration number CRD42022335453.

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者反刍性沉思、自我表露与创伤后成长之间的关系,为采取针对性措施促进患者的创伤后成长提供参考.方法 采用反刍性沉思量表、自我表露量表、创伤后成长量表对200例乳腺癌患者进行调查.结果 乳腺癌患者创伤后成长总分为(61.17±12.69)分,反刍性沉思总分为(29.29±10.63)分,自我表露总分为(38.05±6.82)分;侵入性反刍性沉思与创伤后成长和自我表露呈负相关,自我表露与创伤后成长呈正相关(均P＜0.05);自我表露在侵入性反刍性沉思与创伤后成长间起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的40.18％.结论 自我表露是乳腺癌患者侵入性反刍性沉思与创伤后成长的中介变量,医护人员应引导患者减少消极沉思,增强其自我表露意愿,提高创伤后成长水平.

目的 探讨炎症性肠病患者患病过程中的疏离感并分析其产生原因,为制定针对性干预策略提供参考.方法 采用描述性质性研究法,通过目的抽样法选取 15 例炎症性肠病患者进行半结构式访谈.使用内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析整理并提炼主题.结果 归纳出 3 个核心主题及 13 个亚主题:患者疏离的客观表现形式(疾病疏离、人际疏离、自我疏离、劳动疏离、环境疏离)、患者疏离的主观情绪感知(无力感、无价值感、孤独感、厌世感)、患者产生疏离的原因(身体意象障碍、疾病管理过度、情绪心理障碍、社交能力受损).结论 炎症性肠病患者存在多维疏离,负性情绪明显且强烈.患者出现疏离感的原因纷繁复杂,未来应制定多维干预策略,以减轻患者疏离感,促进其更好地接受疾病、认同自我、融入社会、积极生活.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between eHealth literacy, diabetic behavior rating, and caregiving burden among caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of 143 primary caregivers of T1DM was conducted. Electronic health literacy was quantified using the Chinese version of the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). Their diabetic management behavior rating and caregiving burden were measured by Diabetes Behavior Rating Scale-Parent Version (DBRS-P) and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was used to estimate the relationship between the above variables. RESULTS Only 54 (37.76%) caregivers qualified by eHEALS scale, with a total score of 30.07 ± 4.54 out of 40. A positive correlation between DRBS-P scores and the scores of eHEALS (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.226, P = 0.007) and a negative correlation between ZBI and eHEALS scores (r = -0.166, P = 0.047) were observed. CONCLUSIONS The eHealth literacy level of caregivers of children with T1DM in China remains to be improved. Caregivers with higher eHealth literacy had better diabetic management behaviors and less caregiving burden. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE This study suggests that hierarchical electronic health-based interventions should be designed according to the different levels of eHealth literacy of individuals, to enhance the ability of caregivers with different eHealth literacy levels to fully utilize eHealth resources to improve their daily disease management skills and reduce their burden when caring for T1DM children. In addition, improving eHealth literacy of caregivers for children with T1DM can be one of the important ways to enhance the effectiveness of electronic health-based programs designed for them.

背景 炎症性肠病(IBD)患者因疾病症状反复发作且迁延不愈易产生多种负性情绪.随着积极心理学的兴起,学者发现个体在患病过程中除了产生负性情绪,还会对压力性事件进行认知重评,探寻疾病给自身带来的积极意义,即疾病获益感.目的 探究IBD患者疾病获益感的潜在类别,并分析IBD患者疾病获益感的影响因素.方法 本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法选取2020年9月至2021年4月在南京医科大学第一附属医院门诊就诊或住院的IBD患者为研究对象.使用一般资料调查表、修订版疾病获益感量表(BFS)、中文版伯克利情绪表达量表(BEQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调查.采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析探讨疾病获益感潜在类别的影响因素.结果 共回收问卷230份,有效问卷226份,有效回收率为98.3％.根据IBD患者疾病获益感的评估结果拟合潜在类别模型,最终得到IBD患者疾病获益感可分为3个类别,分别定义为低获益-应对无力组〔115例(50.9％)〕、中等获益组〔64例(28.3％)〕和高获益-感知被爱组〔47例(20.8％)〕.三组患者职业状态、家庭年收入、疾病活动度、中文版BEQ及各维度、SSRS及各维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,正性情绪表达〔OR=1.246,95％CI(1.040,1.492)〕、负性情绪表达〔OR=1.206,95％CI(1.038,1.402)〕及主观支持〔OR=2.746,95％CI(2.114,3.565)〕是IBD患者疾病获益感的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 IBD患者疾病获益感存在明显的分类特征,其中低获益-应对无力组患者占比较大(50.9％),且患者疾病获益感的影响因素包括正性情绪表达、负性情绪表达和主观支持,因此需重点关注疾病获益感为低获益-应对无力的患者,鼓励其表达疾病相关感受并促进其对社会支持的感知,以提高患者的疾病获益感.

目的:调查江苏省腹膜透析患者随访管理现状.方法:采用便利抽样法,于2021年8月调查江苏省13个地级市40家医院,采用自制问卷调查透析中心规模、随访方式、随访人员、随访频率、随访内容等.结果:40家医院共有腹膜透析随访患者6 479人,随访方式多样.医院门诊随访频率基本符合《腹膜透析标准操作规程》要求.负责随访的护理人员包括专职腹膜透析护士 48名和兼职腹膜透析护士 108名.各家医院随访内容均有差别,但透析相关内容、并发症预警是关注重点;对生活质量、社会支持相关内容关注度低.结论:江苏省40家医院腹膜透析中心人员配置不足,部分医院随访内容略有缺失,建议逐步改善人员配置情况,总结腹膜透析患者居家透析过程中的问题及相应重点随访的内容并形成固定模块,为随访者及时获取核心、必需的随访指标结果提供依据.

Patients' subjective feelings, that is, patient-reported outcomes, has attracted increasing attention in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) , which plays an important role in monitoring the progress of patients' disease and guiding clinical decision-making. This article reviews the current status of assessment tools and clinical applications of patient-reported outcomes in IBD patients. This article aims to help medical and nursing staff choose assessment tools suitable for IBD patients in China, standardize the development and localization process of assessment tools, promote the application and development of patient-reported outcomes of IBD patients in China, and optimize disease management of IBD patients.

OBJECTIVES To verify the effects of self-care programs among adults with prediabetes, to identify the preferable structure components and to summarise the core content components of self-care programs. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Wanfang, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Database and Open Grey were searched for studies published from January 2002 to December, 2021. Meta-analysis was conducted to verify the effects of self-care programs on diabetes incidence. Subgroup analyses based on structure components were performed to contrast the effects. We made a critical analysis to generalise the core elements of content components. The study was reported according to PRISMA statement. RESULTS Totally, 15 studies were included in systematic review, of which 14 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed the incidence of diabetes for prediabetic adults receiving self-care programs was significantly lower than those who received usual care (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.73). The results of subgroup analyses based on delivery mode, intervention implementer, health education brochures provided, and follow-up duration showed statistically significant reduction in incidence compared with control group (p < .05). However, the differences of these pair-wise comparisons (face-to-face or remote, individual or interdisciplinary team, with or without brochures provided, ≤1 year or >1 year) were not statistically significant (p > .05). Three core content elements were generalised: cognitive education, behaviour guidance and psychological support. CONCLUSIONS Self-care programs can effectively delay the progression of prediabetes to diabetes. Regardless of the diversified structure components, self-care programs can achieve better effects on the diabetes incidence than usual care, while the optimal structure components still remain unknown. Cognitive education, behaviour guidance and psychological support are core elements for these programs. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE More clinical trials with rigorous study design are needed to provide further evidence.