目的:探讨快速康复护理路径在肝包虫手术患者术后快速康复中的应用效果。方法:采用单纯随机抽样法,选取西藏自治区山南市人民医院2017年11月—2019年2月收治的160例肝包虫手术患者为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组80例。对照组患者采用普外科常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上施行快速康复护理路径护理。比较两组患者术后康复指标、疼痛评分和术后并发症情况。结果:试验组组患者的首次排气、排便时间为(3.77±3.05)、(23.81±17.29) h,早于对照组的(13.27±8.58)、(37.79±18.23) h,差异有统计学意义( t值分别为4.265、4.975; P<0.01);试验组术后2、4、8、24 h疼痛评分(1.08±1.04)、(1.61±0.85)、(1.13±0.70)、(0.26±0.41)分,低于对照组的(2.41±1.20)、(2.94±0.96)、(2.94±0.96)、(1.33±0.90)分,差异具有统计学意义( t值分别为7.501、9.250、13.650、-8.720; P<0.01)。术后试验组发生肺部感染2例(2.50%),对照组发生13例(16.25%),试验组发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ 2=8.901, P<0.01)。 结论:基于快速康复护理路径的标准化护理模式有利于肝包虫病患者术后康复,缩短住院时间,减少术后肺部感染,值得进一步推广。
目的:观察和分析作者自行编制的免疫相关不良事件病人报告表在PD-1抑制剂治疗中的应用.方法:2017年1月4日至2019年1月31日,作者参加全球或全国多中心PD-1抑制剂治疗肝细胞癌、食管癌的临床研究,使用的治疗药物有纳武利尤单抗、帕博利珠单抗和卡瑞利珠单抗(SHR-1210),其剂量和用法均按药物说明书或研究方案规定的执行.结果:66例病人纳入临床研究,所有病人及其照护者都能准确理解病人报告表中的内容,电子形式的病人报告表通过微信发送给责任护士简单快捷,最为病人及其照护者接受.所发生的不良事件除血清转氨酶、肌酐、蛋白尿等实验室异常外,都能从该表中找到相应的选项.研究过程中病人的依从性良好,仅2例病人发生脱落,其原因分别是由于交通不便、自愿退出.结论:作者自行编制的免疫相关不良事件病人报告表能及时准确地反映PD-1抑制剂治疗过程中发生的不良事件,对保证治疗的顺利进行有较好的应用价值.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial distress and quality of life (QOL) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy. Fifty-three patients with an initial diagnosis of NPC were enrolled in this study. The psychological Distress Thermometer (DT) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head & Neck (FACT-H&N) were conducted before and after radiotherapy in NPC patients. We compared the differences in psychological distress and QOL before and after radiotherapy and analyzed the correlation between psychological distress and QOL after radiotherapy. The performance on the DT was 6.60 ± 1.42 and 2.81 ± 1.43 before and after chemotherapy, respectively, with a significant difference between the time points (t = -13.73, P < 0.01). The performance on the FACT-H&N was 68.30 ± 6.14 and 39.84 ± 6.14 before and after chemotherapy, respectively, with a significant difference between the time points (t = -19.9, P< 0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the DT score and the FACT-H&N score (r = -3.64, P< 0.01). Patients with NPC experience different degrees of psychological distress, an important factor that affects quality of life, after radiotherapy.