Composites materials comprised of biopolymeric aerogel matrices and inorganic nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) fillers have received considerable attention in bone engineering. Although with significant progress in aerogel-based biomaterials, the brittleness and low strengths limit the application. The improvements in toughness and mechanical strength of aerogel-based biomaterials are in great need. In this work, an alkali urea system was used to dissolve, regenerate and gelate cellulose and silk fibroin (SF) to prepare composite aerosol. A dual network structure was shaped in the composite aerosol materials interlaced by sheet-like SF and reticular cellulose wrapping n-HA on the surface. Through uniaxial compression, the density of the composite aerogel material was close to the one of natural bone, and mechanical strength and toughness were high. Our work indicates that the composite aerogel has the same mechanical strength range as cancellous bone when the ratio of cellulose, n-HA and SF being 8:1:1. In vitro cell culture showed HEK-293T cells cultured on composite aerogels had high ability of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Totally, the presented biodegradable composite aerogel has application potential in bone tissue engineering.

以经硅烷偶联剂(KH570)处理的微晶纤维素(MCC)为填料,三嗪系膨胀阻燃剂(CFA)与聚磷酸铵(APP)的复配体系为阻燃剂(C-IFR),聚乳酸(PLA)为基体树脂,采用熔融共混方法制备阻燃MCC/PLA复合材料,研究了MCC对阻燃PLA复合材料的力学、阻燃性能、热稳定性的影响.力学试验结果显示,MCC加入使PLA和阻燃PLA均比纯基体树脂的拉伸强度、弯曲强度有所降低,对悬臂梁缺口冲击强度影响小.MCC在小添加量时可以提高PLA复合体系的极限氧指数,MCC与APP具有的协同效应降低了PLA的燃烧速率,提高了材料的成炭性能.热降解动力学表明,MCC增加了PLA和阻燃PLA材料的活化能,提高了PLA复合材料的热稳定性,同时MCC降低PLA的玻璃化转变温度.

以贝壳粉(SP)和硬脂酸表面改性的贝壳粉(SSP)为填料、聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,采用熔融共混法制备了PLA/SP和PLA/SSP复合材料.运用扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)研究了SP、SSP对PLA力学性能、界面形貌、热稳定性和结晶性能的影响.结果 表明:在实验条件下,随着填料用量的增加,PLA/SP和PLA/SSP复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,冲击强度则先升高后降低,分别在填料用量为10％和30％时达到最大值,较纯PLA分别提高了7.4％和114.81％.SP和SSP均可起到成核剂的作用,提高了PLA的结晶性能(其中SSP对PLA结晶性能的提高作用更为明显),但二者的添加会降低PLA的热稳定性.