Wood chip pyrolysis oil was used as raw material,and the pretreated bio-oil was polymerized with acrylic acid(AA)and chitosan(CTS)in the presence of ammonium persulfate(APS).A new bio-oil-based environmentally friendly coal dust inhibitor(Hbio-CTS)was prepared.The results show that at 70℃,CTS and AA mass is 0.65 g and 3.00 g,when APS/CTS is 5％,the maximum viscosity of Hbio-CTS synthesized under optimized conditions is 5.4 mPa·s.Both the FTIR and TG properties of Hbio-CTS confirmed that AA and CTS had been successfully grafted on the structure of bio-oil components.The solidified layer formed by Hbio-CTS on pulverized coal is very little affected by wind and rain.Among them,at 17 m/s(classⅦ),the maximum mass loss of pulverized coal was 6.99％.After 8 cycles(56 d),the degradation rate of Hbio-CTS was 57％.

Using coal tar pitch (CTP) as a carbon source and KOH as an activator, the one-step carbonization activation method was used to explore the effects of different activation temperatures on the development of the hierar-chical porosity of carbon and its performance as electrodes in a supercapacitor. The results show that the specific surface area and pore volume of the prepared carbon material ACTP-3-600 at the activation temperature of 600 degrees C are higher than those at other temperatures, and the micropores account for about 90.5 %. When the mass ratio of KOH to CTP is 3, the specific capacitance of ACTP-3-600 can reach 475 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1. Under the condition of a high current density of 10 A g-1, its specific capacitance can still maintain 301.8 F g-1, and the rate performance is 63.5 %. The symmetric supercapacitor assembled with it can achieve an energy density of 20.2 Wh kg- 1 (at a power density of 450.0 W kg -1) in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. After 10,000 cycles, the prepared carbon material has a capacitance retention rate of 91.2 % and good cycle stability. Because the activation temperature is relatively low, the method is simple, and the yield of prepared carbon material can reach 52.4 %, which is much higher than that of biomass (about 20 %). The prepared method can greatly reduce the cost of carbon materials. It is a feasible and helpful route to prepare high-performance hierarchical porous carbon materials.

With pyrolytic bio-oil as raw material, an efficient bio-oil-based dispersant (BOBD) applied to coal water slurry (CWS) has been synthesized successfully by grafting polymerization of the organic fractions from the bio-oil and acrylic acid (AA) in the mild condition. As a comparison, two commercial dispersants, namely poly (styrene sulfonic acid) sodium (PSS) and sodium lignosulfonate (SL) were employed. The structures and properties of the synthesized BOBD were characterized by using FTIR, H-1 NMR, GC/MS, GPC, zeta potential, contact angle, and surface tension. The results showed the molecular weight of the BOBD was concentrated at 832 g/mol and 1954 g/mol. The surface tension and contact angle of BOBD aqueous solution were 47.71 mN/m(-1) and 60.8 degrees respectively. The zeta potential of the suspension prepared from BOBD-water-coal was -67.1 mV. Using BOBD as a dispersant, the apparent viscosity of CWS loading 66 wt% coal dropped to 288 mPa center dot s at 0.3 wt% BOBD, and the maximum coal content reached 72 wt%. BOBD exhibited better viscosity reduction and stability enhancement capabilities than PSS and SL. The excellent dispersion performance of BOBD was due to the large electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance derived from the grafted acrylic polymer, which effectively dispersed the coal particles uniformly. The rheological behavior of CWS with BOBD belonged to pseudoplastic fluid. The synthesized BOBD not only had an excellent dispersion performance but also could overcome the shortcomings of secondary pollution caused by PSS and SL containing element sulfur as dispersants in combustion. In addition, the synthetic route possessed simple, environmentally friendly and sustainable characteristics. The research opened up a new way for the utilization of bio-oil.

针对煤沥青(CTP)芳香氢是如何影响碳化过程中形成的各向异性中间相组织(AMT)含量以及对制备的针状焦(NC)结构产生怎样影响问题,研究了在碱性溶液中以氧气氧化煤沥青除去低相对分子质量组分后对其产生的影响.通过控制氧化反应深度调节改性煤沥青(MCTP)的芳香性,进而调节MCTP碳化过程中AMT休积分数和改善针状焦结构.结果表明,氧化改性后的MCTP不仅芳香氢含量和残炭率均有显著提高,NC结构有序性和石墨化度等均得到了改进,且AMT休积分数和MCTP芳香氢之间存在一定线性关系,为获得所需芳香度的CTP改性提供了一条全新的可行的改性途径.

选择煤沥青经过碱氧化产生的液相氧化产物与丙烯酰胺、聚乙二醇、丙烯酸为原料,在引发剂过硫酸铵与交联剂N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的作用下进行水溶液聚合,制备获得了具有较好耐盐性的高吸水性树脂.最佳合成条件为P∶AA∶AM∶PEG∶APS∶MBA=1.2∶2∶0.2∶1.2∶0.06∶0.04,聚合温度80℃,粒径大小0.15～0.30mm,所合成的树脂在水溶液中吸水倍率为451.8g/g,在生理盐水中为115.7g/g.通过单因素与正交分析确定了最佳合成条件,同时使用红外光谱与扫描电镜进行了结构表征.

将一定量的中间相炭微球(MCMB)通过与对苯二甲酰氯(Terephthaloyl chloride,TPC)改性的沥青共炭化,研究其对针状焦结构和性质的影响.通过红外光谱、热重和核磁共振氢谱、偏光显微镜、X射线衍射对其结构进行分析表征.结果表明,改性后的煤沥青芳烃芳香性进一步增加.其中,由2％TPC改性沥青与等量MCMB共炭化制备的半焦,电化学性能更优异,晶面间距(d002)更低、芳核片数更多,得到的针状焦性能结构更优异.

Using coal tar pitch (CTP) as a carbon source and KOH as an activator, the one-step carbonization activation method was used to explore the effects of different activation temperatures on the development of the hierarchical porosity of carbon and its performance as electrodes in supercapacitor. The results show that the specific surface area and pore volume of the prepared carbon material ACTP-3-600 at the activation temperature of 600 °C are higher than those at other temperatures, and the micropores account for about 90.5% when the mass ratio of KOH and CTP is 3, At a current density of 0.5 A g-1, the specific capacitance of ACTP-3-600 can reach 475 F g-1. The symmetric supercapacitor assembled with it can achieve an energy density of 20.2Wh kg-1 (at a power density of 450.0W kg-1) in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. Because the activation temperature is relatively low, the method is simple, and the yield of prepared carbon material can reach 52.4%, which is much higher than that from biomass(about 20%). The preparation method can greatly reduce the cost of carbon materials. It is a feasible and helpful route to prepare high-performance hierarchical porous carbon materials.

Graphitization of porous carbon at low temperature has always been an extremely challenging problem without destroying its porous structure. In this study, the porous graphite carbon is successfully prepared through sawdust as a carbon source and bimetal nickel and molybdenum as the catalyst at the temperature of 750 degrees C. The results show that the graphitization degree of catalyzed porous carbon by bimetallic nickel and molybdenum increased by 9.4% compared with that of porous carbon prepared without catalyst. Nitrogen adsorption and desorption analysis show that the structure of the porous graphite carbon is dominated by 1-2 nm micropores with few mesopores. The porous graphite carbon exhibits a high specific capacitance of 267 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1). The rate performance of such porous graphite carbon reaches 77.2% at 10 A g(-1), which increased by 34.7% compared with that of the porous carbon obtained by the metal-free catalyst. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor displays a remarkable energy density of 19.8 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 452.9 W kg(-1) in Na2SO4 electrolyte. Additionally, the device exhibits a long-term cycling stability with a 94.8% retention rate after 10,000 cycles. This study not only provides a new route for preparing porous graphitized carbon without destroying the porous structure, also gives a new choice for preparing porous carbon with high rate performance as an electrode of supercapacitor.