对现保存的16份苏州青骨干材料的田间表现进行观察,调查成熟期主要农艺性状,包括观测质量性状和分析不同资源数量性状的变异系数,进一步分析农艺性状之间的差异显著性和相关性.试验结果表明,现保存苏州青种质资源均保有典型的品种特征,不同材料呈现出丰富的遗传多样性,主要农艺性状间相关性较强,单株质量与株高、叶柄厚呈极显著正相关.研究结果为不同苏州青种质资源保护与利用提供了理论依据.

不结球白菜黄心乌是长江中下游流域特别是安徽地区的主栽品种之一.为获得品质优良的黄心乌新材料,本研究使用0.2％(w/v)的秋水仙素溶液点滴处理二倍体黄心乌幼苗的子叶生长点,通过形态学和细胞学的方法筛选到同源四倍体黄心乌植株,并对二、四倍体黄心乌的农艺性状以及品质进行分析.形态学研究结果表明,四倍体植株的株型、叶片、花、种荚表现出巨大型;四倍体叶片的气孔变大,气孔密度变小;花粉粒体积比二倍体变大且呈现出棒状.细胞学分析结果发现,四倍体植株的根尖染色体数目是二倍体的2倍.流式细胞仪分析结果表明,四倍体植株的荧光强度为二倍体的2倍.营养品质方面,与二倍体相比,四倍体纤维素、有机酸含量显著上升,叶绿素、硝态氮含量显著下降,可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量无显著变化.此外,结合光响应曲线分析结果发现,强光条件下,四倍体对光强的适应能力更强.在抗病性检测中发现,四倍体的灰霉菌抗性明显优于二倍体.本研究获得了高产、抗病的同源四倍体不结球白菜黄心乌新材料,为不结球白菜育种工作提供了新的种质资源.

为了满足市场对于矮生樱桃番茄品种观赏性、高糖度和食用性强的需求,经多年选育,苏州市农业科学院培育成了矮生适宜盆栽樱桃番茄新品种"黄晶".品种表现:品质好,不易裂果,糖度在8左右,株高约30 cm,开展度约40 cm,熟性早,适宜盆栽,观赏性好;植株耐寒性比较强,抗病性较强,无论大田生产或盆栽均易成活."黄晶"是水果型蔬菜,花呈金黄色,果实小巧美艳,口感酸甜,可作为微型盆景,也可在大田或路边地种植.最后,从播种、定植、病害防治等方面介绍了"黄晶"的盆栽技术.

为丰富冬季市场青菜品种、满足不同需求,引进了周边地区反响较好的5个冬季青菜品种(吴江香青菜、小八叶乌塌菜、黄玫瑰、美味菘菜和紫青菜)开展品种比较试验,与常规苏州青作形态、品质、产量和产值等方面的比较,筛选适合张家港地区市场的冬青菜新品种.试验结果表明,5个品种营养价值都较高,口感区别明显;从产量和产值上看,引进的品种除紫青菜外,均高于苏州青;从单价上看,5个品种均高于对照苏州青.引进的5个新品种冬青菜均适合在张家港地区示范推广.

Flowering time is an important agronomic trait in Brassica rapa (B. rapa). However, our current understanding of the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in flowering time responded to vernalization is limited. The rapid development of the omics sequencing technology has facilitated the identification of thousands of lncRNAs in various plant species. Here, we used comparative transcriptome analysis between control and vernalized B. rapa to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DELs). A total of 300 DEGs and 254 DELs were identified. Co-localization networks consisting of 128 DEGs and 127 DELs were established, followed by analyses of hierarchical categories, functional annotations, and correlation from mRNA-to-lncRNA. We found that the BraZF-HD21 (Bra026812) gene which responds to photoperiods and vernalization is correlated with lncRNA TCONS_00035129. The correlated genes that were mapped to the plant hormone signal transduction pathway and increased gibberellin A3 (GA3) content demonstrated that vernalization influences plant hormone levels. These findings suggest that vernalization alters the process of hormone biosynthesis, which in turn regulates flowering. This study provides an approach to elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs during vernalization in B. rapa.

番茄是盆栽蔬菜的首选品种之一,尤其是樱桃番茄更受盆栽生产者和种植爱好者的欢迎.本文作者介绍了盆栽樱桃番茄种植管理方法.

有机基质栽培发展较快,有机基质种类较多,资源丰富,具有投资省、成本低、用工少、易操作和产品高产优质的显著特点.利用醋糟、木薯渣等有机废弃物为主料的有机基质开展小叶茼蒿等叶菜生产高效栽培试验,探索叶菜优质安全快速高效生产的模式.