Generating recombinant viruses lacking an essential gene for producing infective viral particles represents a promising approach to developing safer live viral vaccines. The envelope-spikes glycoprotein (G) of rabies virus (RABV) plays a critical role in mediating viral adsorption and entry into host cells, making it a key factor influencing its pathogenicity. Herein, we focused on constructing a replication-deficient rabies virus (RABV) with a specific G gene deletion (rSRV9-△G-eGFP). This engineered virus is incapable of forming plaques in cells unless supplemented externally with the G protein, confirming its status as a single-cycle virus producing non-infectious progeny. Despite this restriction, rSRV9-ΔG-eGFP efficiently initiated host immune activation following immunization. Notably, vaccination induced pronounced recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells, as well as enhanced T and B lymphocyte responses, highlighting a strong cellular immune component that distinguishes this platform from traditional inactivated rabies vaccines. Consistent with protective immunity, rSRV9-ΔG-eGFP elicited virus-neutralizing antibody titers exceeding the accepted protective threshold of 0.5 IU/mL and conferred protection against lethal RABV challenge. Together, these findings support rSRV9-ΔG-eGFP as a promising replication-deficient rabies vaccine candidate and suggest its potential utility as a viral vector platform for future vaccine development.

IntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first reported in pigs in China in 1996. At present, multiple PRRSV lineages and sub-lineages are circulating in Chinese swine herds.MethodsIn this study, PRRSV ORF5 sequences collected from 2019 to 2024 were analyzed to investigate their spatiotemporal distribution, molecular evolution, and major amino acid mutations.ResultsA total of 674 sequences were obtained from 25 provinces between 2019 and 2024, and their geographical distribution was generally consistent with the major pig-producing regions in China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these PRRSV ORF5 sequences mainly belonged to lineage 1 (L1A, L1C), L3, L5 (L5A), and L8 (L8E). From 2019 to 2024, the proportion of L1C initially increased, followed by a decrease and a subsequent rebound, while L1C remained the predominant sub lineage. The proportion of L1A showed a relative increase, whereas L3 was detected at very low levels. Meanwhile, L5A and L8E exhibited a downward trend. Amino acid mutations were observed in the signal peptide, neutralizing epitopes, and T-cell epitopes among different sub-lineages. Some mutations were variable, while others were sub-lineage-specific. Notably, partial L1C strains exhibited an amino acid deletion at position 34, which may affect the viral immune evasion mechanisms. Nucleotide and amino acid identities initially decreased and then increased, with the most pronounced divergence observed in 2021.DiscussionContinuous monitoring of the molecular epidemiology of PRRSV is essential and will provide a scientific basis for the further prevention and control of PRRSV in China.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is an important zoonotic viral disease transmitted by ticks. In recent decades, global climate change has increased human exposure to ticks, and mortality rate have gradually risen. Effective vaccines are essential for controlling TBE as specific antiviral treatment is unavailable. Vaccine candidates based on virus-like particles (VLPs) have previously been demonstrated to be effective in eliciting excellent immune responses against influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2. Here, we constructed TBE virus (TBEV) VLPs containing the envelope and membrane proteins derived from the Far Eastern TBEV strain (WH2012) using an insect cell-baculovirus expression system. Induction of immune responses was investigated in mice following intramuscular injection with the TBEV VLPs vaccine candidates formulated with a combination of poly(I:C) and Montanide ISA201VG adjuvants. Mice produced memory T-cells and serum-specific IgG antibodies that averaged up to 1:104.6 and remained at 1:104 (mean) at 24 wk after three immunizations. TBEV VLPs vaccine was able to provide long-term antibody protection against TBEV, making it a promising subunit vaccine candidate for this disease.

Feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) is caused by the feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), which commonly results in upper respiratory symptoms, and can result in death in the kittens and weak cats. Rabies is an infectious disease with zoonotic characteristics highly relevant to public health and also poses a serious threat to cats. Vaccines are the most effective method to control the spread of both FHV-1 and RABV and have the advantage that they produce long-term specific immune responses. In this study, we constructed a bivalent vaccine against FHV-1 and rabies virus (RABV) simultaneously. The vaccine was constructed by cloning FHV-1 gB into a RABV based vector, and the recombinant RABV (SRV9-FHV-gB) expressing the FHV-1 gB protein was rescued. The growth characteristics of SRV9-FHV-gB were analyzed on NA and BSR cells. To assess the immunogenicity of the vaccine, mice and cats were immunized with SRV9-FHV-gB supplemented with Gel02 adjuvant. The SRV9-FHV-gB exhibited the same growth characteristics as the parent virus SRV9 in both BSR cells and NA cells. The safety of SRV9-FHV-gB was evaluated using 5-day-old and 14-day-old suckling mice. The results showed that mice infected with the SRV9-FHV-gB survived for longer than those in the SRV9 group. Mice immunized with inactivated SRV9-FHV-gB produced high titers of specific antibodies against FHV-1 and neutralizing antibodies against RABV. Cats that received three immunizations with SRV9-FHV-gB also produced neutralizing antibodies against both FHV-1 and RABV. This study represents the first time that a bivalent vaccine targeting FHV-1 and RABV has been constructed, laying the foundations and providing inspiration for the development of other multivalent vaccines.

The rapid emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, coupled with severe immune evasion and imprinting, has jeopardized the vaccine efficacy, necessitating urgent development of broad protective vaccines. Here, we propose a strategy employing recombinant rabies viruses (RABV) to create a universal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine expressing heterologous tandem receptor-binding domain (RBD) trimer from the SARS-CoV-2 Prototype, Delta, and Omicron strains (SRV-PDO). The results of mouse immunization indicated that SRV-PDO effectively induced cellular and humoral immune responses, and demonstrated higher immunogenicity and broader SARS-CoV-2 neutralization compared to the recombinant RABVs that only expressed RBD monomers. Moreover, SRV-PDO exhibited full protection against SARS-CoV-2 in the challenge assay. This study demonstrates that recombinant RABV expressing tandem RBD-heterotrimer as a multivalent immunogen could elicit a broad-spectrum immune response and potent protection against SARS-CoV-2, making it a promising candidate for future human or veterinary vaccines and offering a novel perspective in other vaccine design.

Background Rabies, caused by the rabies virus (RABV), is an ancient and neglected zoonotic disease posing a large public health threat to humans and animals in developing countries. Immunization of animals with a rabies vaccine is the most effective way to control the epidemic and the occurrence of the disease in humans. Therefore, the development of cost-effective and efficient rabies vaccines is urgently needed. The activation of dendritic cells (DCs) is known to play an important role in improving the host immune response induced by rabies vaccines. Methodology/Principal findings In this study, we constructed a recombinant virus, rCVS11-MAB2560, based on the reverse genetic system of the RABV CVS11 strain. The MAB2560 protein (a DC-targeting molecular) was chimeric expressed on the surface of the viral particles to help target and activate the DCs when this virus was used as inactivated vaccine. Our results demonstrated that inactivated rCVS11-MAB2560 was able to promote the recruitment and/or proliferation of DC cells, T cells and B cells in mice, and induce good immune memory after two immunizations. Moreover, the inactivated recombinant virus rCVS11-MAB2560 could produce higher levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) in both mice and dogs more quickly than rCVS11 post immunization. Conclusions/Significance In summary, the recombinant virus rCVS11-MAB2560 chimeric-expressing the molecular adjuvant MAB2560 can stimulate high levels of humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo and can be used as an effective inactivated rabies vaccine candidate.

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever disease causing thousands of deaths. The large Ebola outbreak in 2014–2016 posed significant threats to global public health, requiring the development of multiple medical measures for disease control. Sudan virus (SUDV) and Zaire virus (EBOV) are responsible for severe disease and occasional deadly outbreaks in West Africa and Middle Africa. This study shows that bivalent bacterium-like particles (BLPs)-based vaccine, SUDV-EBOV BLPs (S/ZBLP + 2 + P), generated by mixing SUDV-BLPs and EBOV-BLPs at a 1 : 1 ratio, is immunogenic in mice. The SUDV-EBOV BLPs induced potent immune responses against SUDV and EBOV and elicited both T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) immune responses. The results indicated that SUDV-EBOV BLPs-based vaccine has the potential to be a promising candidate against SUDV and EBOV infections and provide a strategy to develop universal vaccines for EVD.

Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) is a highly transmissible virus that mainly causes ocular and upper respiratory infections in cats and seriously threatens the health of domestic cats and captive or wild cats (such as tigers, cheetahs, and lions). Vaccination is crucial to reduce the incidence rate and mortality of cats infected with FHV-1. In this study, three bacterium-like particles (BLPs) displaying the gB, gC, and gD proteins of FHV-1 were constructed based on a gram-positive enhancer matrix-protein anchor (GEM-PA) surface display system. Indirect immunofluorescence assay, western blot, and electron microscopy results showed that gB, gC or gD protein of FHV-1 was successfully displayed on the surface of GEM particles. Additionally, we designed one more BLPs, designated gB&gC&gD-GEM, which consisted of a mixture of gB-GEM, gC-GEM, and gD-GEM at a protein content ratio of 1:1:1. Mice were immunized with the four BLPs mixed with Gel02 adjuvant, and the results indicated that neutralizing antibody level in the gB&gC&gD-GEM group was superior than those in the other groups. Moreover, gB&gC&gD-GEM significantly increased the secretion of cytokines, as well as the activation and maturation of B cells. It also boosted the production of central memory T cells among CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. Moreover, gB&gC&gD-GEM mixed with Gel02 adjuvant provoked an antibody response in cats. In conclusion, the BLPs vaccine prepared from gB&gC&gD-GEM induced specific humoral and cellular immune responses to FHV-1 and be used as a potential vaccine candidate for the control of FHV-1 infection in cats.

Tick‐borne encephalitis (TBE) is a natural focal disease with fatal encephalitis induced by tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), seriously threatening human and public health. Protection of TBE depends on vaccination with inactivated vaccine, which requires high cost and multiple immunizations. Here, we construct genetically engineered bacterial‐like particles (BLPs) as an effective TBEV vaccine with simplified immunizations and improved immune efficacy. The TBEV BLPs involve the combination of the gram‐positive enhancer matrix from Lactococcus lactis , and TBEV envelope (E) protein expressed by genetically engineered recombinant baculovirus. The prepared TBEV BLPs can effectively stimulate the activation of dendritic cells to present the TBEV E proteins to T and B cells, leading to strong and durable cellular and humoral immune responses in mice. Surprisingly, the serum levels of specific IgG antibodies in mice remain about 10 6 at 6 months after the secondary immunization. Overall, the TBEV BLPs can be used as a potent vaccine candidate, laying the foundation for developing novel TBEV genetically engineered vaccines.

Although inactivated vaccines against rabies have the advantage of high safety,effective protection against rabies virus(RABV)infection often requires multiple,high-dose immunization.Incorporating a molecular adju-vant into the viral particles has been found to be a useful strategy to promote the immune effectiveness of inac-tivated vaccines.In this study,we constructed a recombinant virus,rCVS11-LTB,which chimerically expresses a molecular adjuvant heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit(LTB)protein on the surface of the RABV particles.Immunogenicity in vivo was found to be promoted by rCVS11-LTB through the activation of dendritic cells(DCs).Our results demonstrated that inactivated rCVS11-LTB was able to induce higher levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies(VNAs)in both mice and dogs than the parent virus rCVS11,to enhance the cellular immune response and T cell immune memory in mice,and was also able to provide 100％protection in mice from lethal doses of rabies virus,indicating its potential as a safe and effective inactivated rabies vaccine candidate.

Many studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect various animals and transmit among animals, and even to humans, posing a threat to humans and animals. There is an urgent need to develop inexpensive and efficient animal vaccines to prevent and control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in animals. Rabies virus (RABV) is another important zoonotic pathogen that infects almost all warm-blooded animals and poses a great public health threat. The present study constructed two recombinant chimeric viruses expressing the S1 and RBD proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan01 strain based on a reverse genetic system of the RABV SRV9 strain and evaluated their immunogenicity in mice, cats and dogs. The results showed that both inactivated recombinant viruses induced durable neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and RABV and a strong cellular immune response in mice. Notably, inactivated SRV-nCoV-RBD induced earlier antibody production than SRV-nCoV-S1, which was maintained at high levels for longer periods. Inactivated SRV-nCoV-RBD induced neutralizing antibodies against both SARS-CoV-2 and RABV in cats and dogs, with a relatively broad-spectrum cross-neutralization capability against the SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, showing potential to be used as a safe bivalent vaccine candidate against COVID-19 and rabies in animals.

The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, which is unexpectedly associated with congenital defects, has prompted the development of safe and effective vaccines. The gram-positive enhancer matrix-protein anchor (GEM-PA) display system has emerged as a versatile and highly effective platform for delivering target proteins for vaccines. In this article, we developed a bacterium-like particle vaccine ZI-△-PA-GEM based on the GEM-PA system. The fusion protein ZI-△-PA, which contains the prM-E-△ protein of ZIKV (with a stem-transmembrane region deletion) and the protein anchor PA3, was expressed. The fusion protein was successfully displayed on the GEM surface, forming ZI-△-PA-GEM. Moreover, when BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with ZI-△-PA-GEM combined with 201 VG and poly(I:C) adjuvants, durable ZIKV-specific IgG and protective neutralizing antibody responses were induced. Potent B cell/DC activation was also be stimulated early after immunization. Remarkably, splenocyte proliferation, the secretion of multiple cytokines, T/B cell activation and central memory T cell responses were elicited. These data indicate that ZI-△-PA-GEM is a promising bacterium-like particle vaccine candidate for ZIKV.

利用PCR技术扩增蜱传脑炎病毒(tick-borne encephalitis virus,TBEV)E蛋白第三结构域(Domain Ⅲ,D Ⅲ)基因并将其插入原核表达载体pET-30a(+),构建重组质粒pET-30a(+)-TBEV-E-D Ⅲ.将重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导目的蛋白表达,利用镍离子金属螯合亲和层析介质(Ni-NTA)纯化目的蛋白.将纯化的重组蛋白作为包被抗原,建立TBEV抗体间接ELISA检测方法.结果 显示,重组蛋白TBEV E-D Ⅲ在大肠杆菌中主要以包涵体形式表达,蛋白表达的最佳条件为30℃、0.6 mmol/L IPTG诱导6 h;TBEV抗体间接ELISA检测方法的最佳抗原包被浓度为1 mg/L,该方法可特异性检测TBEV阳性血清,与寨卡病毒(Zika virus,ZIKV)、日本乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)和西尼罗病毒(West Nile virus,WNV)阳性血清无交叉反应,批内和批间变异系数(CV)均小于10％.结果表明,成功表达并纯化了 TBEV E-D Ⅲ重组蛋白,以其为包被抗原建立的TBEV抗体间接ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和重复性.

The Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne bunyavirus of the Narovirus genus, which is the causative agent of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). CCHF is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and Asia, with a high case-fatality rate of up to 50% in humans. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or effective therapies available for CCHF. The GEM-PA is a safe, versatile and effective carrier system, which offers a cost-efficient, high-throughput platform for recovery and purification of subunit proteins for vaccines. In the present study, based on a GEM-PA surface display system, a GEM-PA based vaccine expressing three subunit vaccine candidates (G-GP, including G-eGN, G-eGC and G-NAb) of CCHFV was developed, displaying the ectodomains of the structural glycoproteins eGN, eGC and NAb, respectively. According to the immunological assays including indirect-ELISA, a micro-neutralization test of pseudo-virus and ELISpot, 5 μg GPBLP3 combined with Montanide ISA 201VG plus Poly (I:C) adjuvant (A-G-GP-5 μg) elicited GP-specific humoral and cellular immunity in BALB/c mice after three vaccinations via subcutaneous injection (s.c.). The consistent data between IgG subtype and cytokine detection, ELISpot and cytokine detection indicated balanced Th1 and Th2 responses, of which G-eGN vaccines could elicit a stronger T-cell response post-vaccination, respectively. Moreover, all three vaccine candidates elicited high TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokine levels in the supernatant of stimulated splenocytes in vitro. However, the neutralizing antibody (nAb) was only detected in A-G-eGC and A-G-eGC vaccination groups with the highest neutralizing titer of 128, suggesting that G-eGC could elicit a stronger humoral immune response. In conclusion, the GEM-PA surface display system could provide an efficient and convenient purification method for CCHFV subunit antigens, and the G-GP subunit vaccine candidates will be promising against CCHFV infections with excellent immunogenicity.

Since its first emergence in 2012, cases of infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have continued to occur. At the end of January 2020, 2519 laboratory confirmed cases with a case-fatality rate of 34.3% have been reported. Approximately 84% of human cases have been reported in the tropical region of Saudi Arabia. The emergence of MERS-CoV has highlighted need for a rapid and accurate assay to triage patients with a suspected infection in a timely manner because of the lack of an approved vaccine or an effective treatment for MERS-CoV to prevent and control potential outbreaks. In this study, we present two rapid and visual nucleic acid assays that target the MERS-CoV UpE and N genes as a panel that combines reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification with a closed vertical flow visualization strip (RT-RPA-VF). This test panel was designed to improve the diagnostic accuracy through dual-target screening after referencing laboratory testing guidance for MERS-CoV. The limit of detection was 1.2×101 copies/μl viral RNA for the UpE assay and 1.2 copies/μl viral RNA for the N assay, with almost consistent with the sensitivity of the RT-qPCR assays. The two assays exhibited no cross-reactivity with multiple CoVs, including the bat severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV), the bat coronavirus HKU4, and the human coronaviruses 229E, OC43, HKU1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Furthermore, the panel does not require sophisticated equipment and provides rapid detection within 30 min. This panel displays good sensitivity and specificity and may be useful to rapidly detect MERS-CoV early during an outbreak and for disease surveillance.

将大熊猫源细小病毒VP2基因优化后克隆至pFastBac Dual载体,重组获得穿梭质粒rBacrnid-Panda-dVP2,转染Sf9细胞拯救获得表达大熊猫源细小病毒VP2蛋白的重组杆状病毒rpFBD-Panda-dVP2.rpFBD-Panda-dVP2感染Sf9细胞会形成明显的细胞病变,间接免疫荧光鉴定显示rpFBD-Panda-dVP2感染的Sf9细胞可见明显的绿色荧光.对感染细胞后收获的抗原进行Western blot鉴定,结果显示在约65 kDa处可见明显的目的蛋白条带;电镜下可见与天然细小病毒形态大小相似的粒子,表明rpFBD-Panda-dVP2感染昆虫细胞后可成功组装成病毒样颗粒(virus-like particles,VLPs),获得的VLPs血凝效价可达1 ∶ 215.将大熊猫源细小病毒VLPs免疫幼猫后可诱导机体产生血凝抑制(hemagglutination inhibition,HI)抗体,HI效价最高可达1 ∶ 211,且保护性抗体水平可持续至少12个月.大熊猫源细小病毒VLPs的成功构建,为大熊猫细小病毒病新型基因工程疫苗的研制奠定基础,对防控大熊猫细小病毒病具有重要意义.

建立狂犬病病毒(rabies virus,RABV) CVS-11株感染小鼠原代神经元细胞模型,探究RABV感染小鼠原代神经元细胞对Bif-1 (Bax-interacting factor-1)蛋白表达的影响.分离并培养小鼠大脑皮质原代神经元细胞,通过间接免疫荧光鉴定RABV感染效率.将RABV以MOI=0.1剂量接种原代神经元细胞,使用直接免疫荧光、Western blot、RT-PCR等方法检测RABV在原代神经元细胞中的复制情况.利用Western blot检测RABV感染原代神经元细胞后Bif-1蛋白的表达情况.结果 成功分离了小鼠大脑皮质原代神经元细胞;直接免疫荧光、Western blot、RT-PCR结果显示,RABV CVS-11株可感染原代神经元细胞;Western blot结果表明RABV感染后,原代神经元细胞中Bif-1蛋白水平早期出现短期上升后降低,且整体低于正常水平.RABV CVS-11感染原代神经元细胞后,Bif-1蛋白水平发生改变,为进一步探索Bif-1蛋白在RABV致病中的作用及其分子机制奠定基础.

The global spread of Zika virus (ZIKV), which caused a pandemic associated with Congenital Zika Syndrome and neuropathology in newborns and adults, prompted the pursuit of a safe and effective vaccine. Here, three kinds of recombinant rabies virus (RABV) encoding the prM-E protein of ZIKV were constructed: ZI-D (prM-E), ZI-E (transmembrane domain (TM) of prM-E replaced with RABV G) and ZI-F (signal peptide and TM domain of prM-E replaced with the region of RABV G). When the TM of prM-E was replaced with the region of RABV G (termed ZI-E), it promoted ZIKV E protein localization on the cell membrane and assembly on recombinant viruses. In addition, the change in the signal peptide with RABV G (termed ZI-F) was not conducive to foreign protein expression. The immunogenicity of recombinant viruses mixed with a complex adjuvant of ISA 201 VG and poly(I:C) was tested in BALB/c mice. After immunization with ZI-E, the anti-ZIKV IgG antibody lasted for at least 10 weeks. The titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against ZIKV and RABV at week 6 were all greater than the protective titers. Moreover, ZI-E stimulated the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and promoted the secretion of cytokines. It also promoted the production of central memory T cells (TCMs) among CD4+/CD8+ T cells and stimulated B cell activation and maturation. These results indicate that ZI-E could induce ZIKV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, which have the potential to be developed into a promising vaccine for protection against both ZIKV and RABV infections.

目的 原核表达并纯化克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒(Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus,CCHFV)M基因编码的包膜糖蛋白片段Gn1和Gc1,以两段目的蛋白为包被抗原分别建立检测CCHFV抗体的间接ELISA方法.方法 PCR扩增CCHFV M基因的抗原保守区胞外域Gn1和Gc1基因片段,分别克隆至pET-30a(+)载体,转化大肠埃希菌BL21 (DE3),并对不同诱导条件(温度、IPTG浓度、时间)进行优化,使用His-Ni柱纯化目的蛋白,进行SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定,分别以纯化的Gn1和Gc1蛋白作为包被抗原建立抗体ELISA检测方法.结果 表达并纯化了CCHFV糖蛋白片段Gn1、Gc1,分子质量分别为35 ku和23 ku;Western blot检测两种重组蛋白均能被抗Gn1,Gc1抗体识别.以纯化蛋白为抗原建立的间接ELISA方法检测已知阳性血清CCHFV抗体滴度为1∶10240,检测RVFV、WNV、JEV感染者血清均阴性,变异系数＜8％.结论 表达纯化的Gn1和Gc1蛋白纯度均在90％以上,两种蛋白均表现出良好的免疫原性,以两种蛋白为包被抗原建立的抗体间接ELISA检测方法,该方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性.重组蛋白的制备为克里米亚刚果出血热疫苗免疫效果评价、疫病监测和新型疫苗研发奠定了基础.

Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a novel Picornaviridae that is closely associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). Here, a novel SVV strain (CH-GX-01-2019) was detected and isolated from swine in Guangxi Province, China. The complete genomic sequence of CH-GX-01-2019 exhibited 93.3-98.9 % identify with other SVV isolates at the nucleotide level. CH-GX-01-2019 showed the highest level of similarity (98.9 %) with Vietnamese strains. And CH-GX-01-2019 exhibited two consecutive amino acid mutations in VP1 gene. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome and the VP1 gene showed that Chinese SVV isolates can be divided into three clusters. We analyzed the geographical distributions of SVV strains in China and found that the epidemiology of SVV in China is complicated; most strains are distributed predominantly in south and central China. Between 2015 and 2019, the dominant epidemic SVV isolates in China have changed from clusters 1 and 3 to cluster 2. CH-GX-01-2019 (cluster 3) is a recombinant strain from Colombia-2016 (cluster 2) and HB-CH-2016 (cluster 1). Our findings will enhance our understanding of the prevalence and genetic variation of SVV in the swine herds of China and provide important insights into the molecular epidemiology of SVV.