Background Lung metastasis is a significant adverse predictor of prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Accurate estimation for the prognosis of patients with lung metastasis and population-based validation for the models are lacking. In the present study, we aimed to establish the nomogram to identify prognostic factors correlated with lung metastases and evaluate individualized survival in patients with lung metastasis based on SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database. Methods We selected 1197 patients diagnosed with breast cancer with lung metastasis (BCLM) from the SEER database and randomly assigned them to the training group ( n = 837) and the testing group ( n = 360). Based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, we evaluated the effects of multiple variables on survival in the training group and constructed a nomogram to predict the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival probability of patients. The nomogram were verified internally and externally by Concordance index (C-index), Net Reclassification (NRI), Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), and calibration plots. Results According to the results of multi-factor Cox regression analysis, age, histopathology, grade, marital status, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), surgery, neoadjuvant therapy and chemotherapy were considered as independent prognostic factors for patients with BCLM. The C-index in the training group was 0.719 and the testing group was 0.695, respectively. The AUC values of the 1-, 2-, and 3-year prognostic nomogram in the training group were 0.798, 0.790 and 0.793, and the corresponding AUC values in the testing group were 0.765, 0.761 and 0.722. The calculation results of IDI and NRI were shown. The nomograms significantly improved the risk reclassification for 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall mortality prediction compared with the AJCC 7th staging system. According to the calibration plot, nomograms showed good consistency between predicted and actual overall survival (OS) values for the patients with BCLM. DCA showed that nomograms had better net benefits at different threshold probabilities at different time points compared with the AJCC 7th staging system. Conclusions Nomograms that predicted 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS for patients with BCLM were successfully constructed and validated to help physicians in evaluating the high risk of mortality in breast cancer patients.

癌细胞通过调节代谢方式以提供大量的ATP和生物分子,来满足细胞生长、分裂和生存的需要.近年来,癌细胞中脂质代谢的变化受到越来越多的关注,因为脂肪酸不仅是膜基质的主要成分,也是ATP和次级信使的主要来源.乳腺癌细胞的脂质代谢受Warburg效应的调控,癌细胞合成大量脂肪酸并促进其生成膜磷脂来进行信号传导和癌细胞的日常代谢.脂肪酸合成酶FASN是脂肪酸从头合成的关键酶,越来越多的研究认为FASN过表达可促进乳腺癌细胞对治疗的抵抗.本综述中,我们重点介绍FASN诱导乳腺癌全身系统治疗抵抗方面的最新进展,并展望靶向抑制FASN为乳腺癌治疗增敏的潜在临床应用价值.

In recent years, breast cancer attracts more and more attention because of its high incidence. To explore the molecular functions and mechanisms, we performed RNA sequencing on the tumor tissues and their paired normal tissues from three breast cancer patients. By differential expression analysis, we found 3764 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 5416 DE lncRNAs, and 148 DE circRNAs. Enrichment analysis suggested that the DE lncRNAs and DE circRNAs were enriched in mitochondria and nucleus, which indicated that they may participate in the vital metabolism directly or indirectly, such as fatty acid metabolism. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and we got 8 key proteins, of which the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9; degree 5) draws our attention. Based on the 38 up-regulated circRNAs and 14 down-regulated circRNAs, we constructed competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, from which the has-miR-6794-5p has been identified to enriched in the up-regulated network and correlated with the circNFIX directly. At this point, we presented that the circNFIX and MMP9 may play a significant role by regulating fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare malignant tumor, and relapse is even rarer in the breast and dorsal spine following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Currently, a standard treatment regimen is not available. CASE SUMMARY A rare case of GS of the right breast and dorsal spine after complete remission of acute myelogenous leukemia is reported here. A 55-year-old female patient presented with a palpable, growing, painless lump as well as worsening dorsal compressive myelopathy. She had a history of acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML M4) and achieved complete remission after chemotherapy following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Imaging examinations showed the breast lump and C7-T1 epidural masses suspected of malignancy. Histologic results were compatible with GS in both the right breast and dorsal spine, which were considered extramedullary relapse of the AML treated 4 years earlier. CONCLUSION A rare case of GS relapse following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and guidelines for treatment are discussed.

Background: Breast phyllodes tumor (PT), the rare fibroepithelial mammary tumor is composed by mesenchymal and epithelial components, only 1%~2% of which were accompanied by epithelial breast cancer. The incidence of non-invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS) arising in benign PTs is even rarer. There is no certain treatment for it currently because of the low incidence of PT with DCIS. Case Description: Here, we report a 57-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ arising in a benign phyllodes tumor of the breast. Mastectomy and sentinel lymph nodes biopsy were performed, and endocrine therapy was administrated to the patient. No recurrence was noted during follow-up. Conclusion: Since PTs are prone to recurrence, adjuvant therapy should be considered comprehensively by the histopathological results after surgical treatment. In addition, regular follow-up is recommended.