Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) are essential micronutrients for both plants and animals. However, the impact of phosphorus (P) application on the uptake, partitioning, and accumulation of micronutrients in cotton, particularly in relation to changes in root morphology, is still not fully understood. A two-year field experiment was conducted with five P application treatments (0, 75, 150, 300, 450 kg P2O5 ha(-1)) to study the effects of P application on the accumulation and distribution patterns of P, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Mo in cotton organs, as well as on root distribution on calcareous soil (pH 8.31, silt loam). The results showed that P application rates of 75-150 kg P2O5 ha(-1) significantly increased the aboveground biomass and seed cotton yield of cotton. An antagonistic relationship was observed between P and Zn as well as Cu, whereas a synergistic effect was found between P and Mo. The elements Fe, Mn and Mo were predominantly accumulated in the leaves. The accumulation of P, Cu, and Zn would significantly redistribute from vegetative organs to reproductive organs, particularly at the boll-opening stage, where these nutrients would account for a substantial proportion in the bolls and lint. Soil micronutrients availability showed a highly significant positive correlation with root length at P application rate of 0-150 kg P2O5 ha(-1) (P < 0.01); but a highly significant negative correlation at of 150-450 kg ha(-1) (P < 0.01). Additionally, cotton yield was highly significantly correlated with the accumulations of P and Mo in plants, as well as the concentration of Mn, Cu and Zn in soil (P < 0.01), and significantly correlated with the accumulation of Mn in plants (P < 0.05). High levels of P were found to immobilize micronutrients in the soil, thereby inhibiting their availability for root uptake. In conclusion, under local conditions, optimal P rates (75-150 kg P2O5 ha(-1)) not only enhanced the availability of soil micronutrients and promoted root growth, but also facilitated the efficient transport of micronutrients to various organs of the cotton plant, ultimately improving cotton yield and nutritional quality.

IntroductionIn arid regions, soil degradation and nutrient scarcity limit the productivity of Korla fragrant pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.). This study aimed to systematically evaluate how bacterial fertilizer and different green manures affect rhizosphere ecological functions and yield formation.MethodsA field experiment was conducted in a Korla pear orchard with six treatments: bacterial fertilizer (JF), two planting densities of sweet clover (CMX1, CMX2), two planting densities of oil sunflower (DK1, DK2), and a control (CK). Soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, root architecture, and yield were analyzed.ResultsBoth bacterial fertilizer and green manures significantly reduced soil pH and EC, improved nutrient content, and enhanced enzyme activity. Bacterial fertilizer was more effective in boosting enzyme activity, while sweet clover excelled in improving soil properties. Low-density green manures outperformed high-density ones. Root activity, vessel area, and yield were significantly increased by all amendments, with bacterial fertilizer showing the strongest effect. PLS-SEM analysis identified root activity as a key mediator linking soil improvements to yield gains.DiscussionThese results highlight the critical role of root activity in translating soil amendments into yield benefits. Among all treatments, low-density sweet clover (CMX1) offers the most cost-effective and sustainable strategy for improving soil fertility and pear yield in arid orchards.

BackgroundIn recent years, the response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) root morphology and rhizosphere processes to phosphorus (P) deficiency have attracted extensive attention. However, the dynamics of root morphology and physiology to shoot P concentration (SPC) under various P conditions remain unclear. AimWe aimed to determine the changes in root morphology and physiology and their relationships with SPC under different levels of P supply. MethodThe cotton cultivars XLZ13 and XLZ19 were grown in a hydroponic experiment with seven rates of P supply (0-2.0 mM P L-1) and in a root box experiment with seven P levels (0-400 mg P kg(-1)). Root morphological and physiological parameters were determined 60 days after planting (hydroponic experiment) and 75 days after transplanting (root box experiment). ResultsCotton plant growth, P uptake, and root morphology differed significantly between the two genotypes and among the P levels. Cotton plants had the maximum shoot biomass when the SPC of XLZ13 and XLZ19 were 4.6-5.9 mg g(-1) and 3.9-5.0 mg g(-1), respectively. Total and specific root lengths initially increased with increasing SPC and peaked at an SPC of XLZ13 and XLZ19 about 6.0-7.0 mg g(-1) and 4.0-5.0 mg g(-1), respectively. Root physiological responses (rhizosphere acidification, acid phosphatase [Apase] activity) decreased as the SPC increased. ConclusionsThe critical SPC for optimal root morphology were 5-6 mg g(-1). P deficiency did not induce rhizosphere acidification but promoted root and rhizosphere APase activity.

探究水肥一体化下磷肥种类和施用方式对棉花产量、磷素积累量、土壤磷素有效性和磷肥利用率的影响,以期为棉田优化磷肥施用方式提供理论依据和技术参考.田间试验于 2021 年在新疆昌吉州棉花主产区进行.试验设不施磷肥对照(CK)、基施重过磷酸钙(TSP)、基施磷酸一铵(MAP-B)、基施+滴施磷酸一铵(50%基施,25%+25%分别在蕾期和花铃前期)(MAP-D)、基施+滴施磷酸一铵(50%基施,25%+25%分别在蕾期和花铃前期)和聚谷氨酸(MAP-P)5 个不同施肥处理,测定指标包括土壤有效磷、植株生物量、植株磷积累量和籽棉产量,并计算磷肥利用率.在棉花盛花期和盛铃期,磷肥滴施显著提高 0～20 cm土层有效磷含量,0～5 cm土层尤为显著,MAP-P处理有效磷含量比CK处理分别提高 136.27%和 113.99%.TSP、MAP-B、MAP-D和MAP-P处理产量比CK处理分别提高 17.65%、16.25%、19.37%和 31.88%.棉花生育期内,磷肥滴施植株累积吸磷量高于基施,各处理植株累积吸磷量在盛铃期达最大,MAP-P处理植株累积吸磷量整体高于其余处理,在苗期、蕾期、盛花期和盛铃期比CK处理分别提高 50.92%、55.38%、81.33%和 84.69%.在等量施磷条件下,磷肥滴灌追施的磷肥利用率高于基施.MAP-P处理磷肥利用率、磷肥累积利用率、磷肥农学效率和磷肥偏生产力均高于其余处理,磷素表观平衡低于其余处理,磷肥利用率达 33.94%,比TSP、MAP-B和MAP-D处理分别提高20.23%、25.28%和 16.71%.水磷一体下,磷肥结合活化剂(聚谷氨酸)滴施显著提高土壤磷素有效性和棉花产量.MAP-P处理提高了棉花产量和磷肥利用率,减少了土壤磷素的盈余.

[目的]研究氮肥形态和品种对棉花根系形态与氮素积累量的影响,分析品种与氮肥形态的互作机制,为棉花合理选择氮肥形态和品种提供理论基础.[方法]试验于 2020 年设在新疆农业大学农科楼培养室,设置2 个品种(新陆早45 号和新陆早 48 号)与 4 个施肥处理(不施氮肥(CK)、施尿素(N1)、施硫酸铵(N2)、施硝酸钙(N3))双因素完全随机根箱培养试验,氮肥施用量为300 kg/hm2,播种后90d采样,测定根系形态参数指标和氮素积累量.[结果]棉花根系形态和氮素积累量变化规律为N3＞N1＞N2＞CK,N3 处理的根系形态参数(总根长、干物质质量(P＜0.05)、表面积、体积)和根部、茎部、叶部(P＜0.05)和植株氮素积累量显著高于N2 和CK处理(P＜0.01),比N2 分别平均提升 24.66％、33.93％、19.61％、18.57％和 52.64％、50.95％、16.20％、28.09％,比 CK 处理分别平均提升 40.57％、61.09％、38.65％、33.31％和 103.02％、119.59％、57.40％、76.12％,与N1 处理无显著性差异.棉花品种和氮素形态对根系形态与氮素积累的交互作用无显著性差异.新陆早48 号的根系总根长、根系体积显著高于新陆早 45 号(P＜0.01),分别平均提升9.16％和7.01％,根部、茎部(P＜0.05)、叶部和植株的氮素积累量也显著高于新陆早45 号(P＜0.01),分别平均提升15.28％、7.75％、9.55％和9.86％.新陆早45 号根冠比的CK处理和比根长的N2 处理,显著低于其他处理,新陆早48 号根冠比和比根长各处理之间无显著性差异.[结论]硝态氮肥比尿素和铵态氮肥更利于棉花根系形态发育和氮素积累量的增加.新陆早48 号根系总根长、根系体积和植物氮素积累量显著高于新陆早45 号,且根冠比与比根长在不同处理间无显著性差异,品种优势明显.

Poor phosphorus utilization is a common limitation of sustainable cotton production. Even so, the intrinsic potential for efficient phosphorus acquisition of the roots remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore if phosphorus acquisition in cotton is affected by interactions that could possibly be associated with root morphology and gene expression, between genotype and application rates. A pot experiment was conducted with seven phosphorus application rates: 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 150, and 300 mg P kg −1 . The agronomic characters, root morphology, and expression of the PHT1 gene in the roots of cotton varieties with different phosphorus acquisition efficiencies were measured. According to the results, the phosphorus acquisition efficiency in cultivar XLZ19 was higher than in XLZ13 for phosphorus uptake because of the upregulation of GhPTs gene expression that increased the total root length and proportion of fine roots. The Olsen-P levels in the soil ranged from 20 to 30 mg kg −1 at the seedling stage and from 15 to 25 mg kg −1 at the flowering stage, suggesting better root growth and phosphorus supply. The conversion of phosphorus fertilizers to soil Olsen-P decreased when the phosphorus application rate exceeded 50–75 mg kg −1 . The phosphorus acquisition–efficient XLZ19 phenotype owes its efficiency to high GhPTs expression and morphological changes in the roots. Finally, with these crops that are highly efficient in phosphorus acquisition, agricultural practices in sustainable cotton production may consume less phosphorus fertilizers.

[目的]研究取食农田残膜对大蜡螟种群延续的影响.[方法]以麦麸(MF)和新疆农田残膜(NTCM)不同配比作饲料(即MF,50％NTCM,100％NTCM 3 个处理),在恒温30℃、60％±10％RH(相对湿度)条件下饲养大蜡螟2 个世代.[结果](1)大蜡螟幼虫取食麦麸量随残膜添加量的增加而减少(P<0.05),取食残膜量随添加残膜量的增加而增加,各处理第二代取食麦麸量较第一代减少,而取食残膜量增加;对农田残膜和麦麸的总取食量随残膜添加量的增加而减小,MF处理总取食量第二代较第一代减少,50％NTCM和 100％NT-CM处理总取食量第二代较第一代增加.(2)大蜡螟蛹重、蛹长均随残膜量的增加而减小,3 个处理第二代蛹重及蛹长均低于第一代(P>0.05);不同处理对大蜡螟雌雄蛾体重影响不显著,且各处理第二代雌雄蛾体重均低于第一代(P>0.05),而不同处理大蜡螟雌雄蛾体长无明显变化规律.(3)大蜡螟雌蛾产卵量随残膜量增加而减小,100％NTCM处理第二代产卵量大于第一代(P>0.05),MF和 50％NTCM处理第二代产卵量小于第一代(P<0.05);大蜡螟卵孵化率随农田残膜添加量增加而减小(P>0.05),第二代孵化率小于第一代(P>0.05).[结论]以新疆农田残膜和麦麸不同配比为饲料,大蜡螟幼虫取食残膜量随麦麸添加量增加而减小,各处理第二代取食麦麸量较第一代减少,而取食残膜量增加;大蜡螟蛹重、蛹长均随残膜量的增加而减小,3 个处理第二代蛹重及蛹长均低于第一代;不同处理对大蜡螟雌雄蛾体重影响不显著,且各处理第二代雌雄蛾体重均低于第一代,而不同处理大蜡螟雌雄蛾体长无明显变化规律;大蜡螟产卵量、卵孵化率均随残膜量增加而减小,第二代孵化率均小于第一代,但100％NTCM处理第二代产卵量大于第一代.

[目的]探究不同施氮水平下库尔勒香梨园土壤微生物量与香梨产量、品质间的相关性,为梨园合理施用氮肥提供理论依据.[方法]以6～7年生库尔勒香梨为试验对象,研究0、150、300和450 N kg·hm-2(分别用N0、N1、N2和N3表示)4个氮肥施用量处理下库尔勒香梨土壤微生物量与产量、品质的相关性.[结果]随着氮肥施用量的增加,产量、可溶性固形物含量、维生素(Vc)含量、糖酸比均表现为先增加后减少的态势,其中以N2处理提高效果最好;总酸含量在各施肥处理下表现为随氮肥施用量的增加而下降,N0>N1>N2>N3.产量、可溶性固形物含量、Vc含量、糖酸比均与3个时期土壤微生物量碳(soil microbial biomass carbon,SMBC)、土壤微生物量氮(soil microbial biomass nitrogen,SMBN)呈正相关,与SMBC/SMBN呈负相关;石细胞、总酸含量均与3个时期SMBC、SMBN呈负相关,与SMBC/SMBN呈正相关.在产量、品质效应模型中,通过施氮量、SMBC/SMBN与产量、品质的拟合方程发现施氮量和SMBC/SMBN这2个因素在影响香梨产量、可溶性固形物含量、Vc含量、总酸含量以及糖酸比时交互作用更强,主要表现在膨果期.[结论]以提高库尔勒香梨产量以及改善果实品质为目的,推荐6～7年生库尔勒香梨最佳氮肥施用量范围为300～380 kg·hm-2,SMBC/SMBN范围为9～15.

[目的]探究不同磷肥品种及施用方式对灌耕风沙土磷素形态及有效性的影响,为不同磷肥在土壤中的合理施用提供理论依据.[方法]利用灌耕风沙土进行为期120 d的室内土壤培养试验,试验共设6个处理,分别为不施磷肥对照(CK)、重过磷酸钙基施(TSP)、磷酸一铵基施(MAP-B)、聚磷酸铵基施(APP-B)、磷酸一铵滴施(MAP-D)和聚磷酸铵滴施(APP-D),分别测定不同处理土壤有效磷和各形态无机磷的含量,并分析120 d时土壤有效磷与各形态无机磷含量的相关性.[结果]在0～5 cm 土层,磷肥滴施处理(MAP-D、APP-D)的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理;而在5～10和10～20 cm 土层,磷肥基施处理(TSP、MAP-B和APP-B)的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理(P＜0.05).与CK和APP-D处理相比,TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理均显著增加了 0～20 cm 土层有效磷含量,但这3种磷肥处理间无显著差异.与CK相比,施磷处理均能不同程度地增加各土层土壤无机磷总量.0～5 cm 土层MAP-D和APP-D处理无机磷总量显著高于5～10和10～20 cm 土层,而TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理对0～20 cm土层土壤的无机磷总量无显著影响.磷肥滴施处理下,Ca2-P、Ca8-P和Al-P的比例随土层深度的增加而降低,而磷肥基施处理能显著提高耕层土壤中Ca8-P和A1-P的比例.在0～5 cm 土层,土壤有效磷含量与Ca2-P、Ca8-P、A1-P和Ca1o-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P＜0.05);在5～10和10～20 cm 土层,土壤有效磷含量与Ca2-P、Al-P和Fe-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P＜0.05).[结论]在本试验土壤条件下,磷肥滴施处理后仅能显著提高0～5 cm 土层土壤有效磷含量,而磷肥基施处理可以提高整个耕层(0～20 cm)土壤中的有效磷含量,建议滴灌棉田通过基施价格相对较低的重过磷酸钙,可以人为扩展磷肥在土壤中的分布深度.

This study investigated the influence of nitrogen (N) input on the characteristics of the sink–source relationship of ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear tree to analyze how N levels regulate the sink–source relationship and affect crop yield, as well as to provide a theoretical basis for rational application of N fertilizer to increase yield. Using 6‑year-old ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear trees as experimental materials, four N application regimens were set up. The effects of different N application rates on the sink capacity, source production capacity, sink–source ratio, and yield of ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear were analyzed. The results showed that 1) the source production capacity of ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear increased with increasing N application, while the sink capacity and sink–source ratio showed a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, with increasing N application, reaching the highest level under the N 2 treatment (300 N kg · hm −2 ), 2) under N 2 treatment, the yield of ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear was the highest, and during the fruit ripening period it reached 12.63 kg · plant −1 , and 3) there was a significant positive correlation between the sink–source ratio and the yield of fragrant pears during the fruit swelling and ripening periods. In conclusion, when nitrogen application was within the range of 283–356 kg · hm −2 , it could not only promote normal growth of the ‘Korla Fragrant’ pear tree but also accelerate the transport of photosynthates to the fruit, which was conducive to the development and balance of the sink–source relationship of the tree and to achieving high crop yield.

[目的]通过对库尔勒香梨园进行氮添加试验,研究施氮量对库尔勒香梨园土壤微生物量的影响,为合理施肥及提高氮肥利用率提供参考.[方法]以6～7年生的库尔勒香梨园土壤为研究材料,采用熏蒸提取-容量分析法和熏蒸提取-茚三酮比色法测定土壤微生物量碳和微生物量氮,研究了 0、150、300、450kgN·hm-2(分别用N0、N1、N2、N3表示)4个施氮水平下对库尔勒香梨园土壤微生物量的影响.[结果]随着库尔勒香梨生育期的变化,土壤微生物量碳、氮表现为先增后减:在梨树萌芽前期各处理微生物量碳、氮含量最低,微生物量碳、氮峰值均出现在膨果期;0～60 cm 土层中各施肥处理的土壤微生物量碳、氮总体表现为先增后减:N2＞N3＞N1＞N0,以N2处理提高土壤微生物量碳、氮含量效果最好,但过量的施氮量会使微生物量的积累受到抑制并显著降低土壤微生物量氮熵;施氮肥会显著降低微生物碳氮比.[结论]在库尔勒香梨栽培中,应该适宜控制氮素的供给,推荐6～7年生库尔勒香梨以300 kg·hm-2的施氮量为最佳.

[目的]研究不同盐胁迫条件下,施磷水平和AM真菌对棉花生长发育的影响,探讨施磷与菌根的互作机制,为新疆棉田盐碱地改良和减肥增效提供理论基础.[方法]采用盆栽试验,以"新陆早57号"为供试品种,设置不同盐水平(NaCl0,6 g/kg),不同施磷水平(0,50,100 mg/kg)和不同接种AM真菌(接种与不接种)处理,测定土壤pH,电导率,菌根侵染率,棉花干物质量和磷含量等指标.[结果]①非盐胁迫条件下,未接种AM真菌条件下,土壤电导率随着施磷处理的增加呈下降的趋势,与对照处理(0 mg/kg)相比,50和100 mg/kg处理棉花植株干物质量和磷含量显著增加(P＜0.05),而两处理之间差异不显著.在接种AM真菌条件下,土壤pH和电导率在50 mg/kg处理下呈明显的下降趋势,棉花菌根侵染率,干物质量和磷含量在磷处理为50 mg/kg时达最大值,显著高于对照处理或100 mg/kg处理(P＜0.05),与未接种植株相比,干物质量和磷含量分别增加29.9％和25.75％,当施磷量为100 mg/kg时,接种与未接种AM真菌的干物质量和磷含量差异均不显著.②盐胁迫条件下,未接种AM真菌条件下,土壤pH和电导率在不同磷水平间差异不明显,棉花植株干物质量和吸磷量与非盐胁迫处理相比呈明显的下降趋势.接种AM真菌条件下,土壤电导率随施磷量的增高逐渐降低,土壤pH无显著变化.施磷量为50 mg/kg时植株干物质量和磷含量均显著高于其他两个磷水平,与未接种AM真菌的50 mg/kg处理相比,干物质量增加了 47.8％,地上部磷含量增加了 50.6％,地下部磷含量增加了 29.1％,但在高磷(100 mg/kg)条件下,接种与未接种AM真菌对棉花生长的影响不显著.[结论]无论是盐胁迫还是非盐胁迫下,当施磷量为50 mg/kg时,接种AM真菌能够降低pH和电导率,充分发挥菌根效应,显著促进棉花生长发育和磷素吸收,提高磷素利用率.

In order to study the effects of temperature a nd density on the growth and reproduction of Galleria mellonella, Galleria mellonella was bred under the conditions of relative humidity 60 % ± 10 % RH, three temperature gradients of 25, 30 and 35 ℃, and five egg-density gradients of 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120（ within 64 cm~3 volume）.（ 1） Under the conditions of 25, 30, and 35 ℃, the generation cycle and the duration of each insect stage of Galleria mellonella showed a decreasing trend with the increase of temperature. The body weight and length of larval, pupal and male and female moths increased with the increase of temp erature. The egg-production amount of female moths was highest at 30 ℃, followed by 35 ℃ and 25 ℃（P＞0.05）; and the higher the temperature was at the three temperatures, the more conducive it was to improve the hatching rate of Galleria mello nella. The food intake of 10 larvae within 7 days increased with increasing temperature（ P＞0. 05）.（ 2） At 25 and 30 ℃,the hatching rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of density（ maximum at 80 eggs）. At 35 ℃, the hatching rate of 40 eggs was higher than 60 eggs（ P＞0. 05）, the highest was at 80 eggs, and then decreased gradually. The number of larvae less than 0. 1000 g increased with the increase of density; 0. 1000～0. 200 0 g larvae reached maximum at density of 60 and 80 at 25 ℃, decreased at 40, 100 and 120, and increased first and then decreased with increasing density at 30 and 35 ℃（ maximum at 80 eggs at 30 ℃, and 60 eggs at 35 ℃）; the number of larvae over 0. 2000 g decreased with increasing density. The effects of temperature on food intake,body weight, body length, egg-production, hatching rate and duration of Galleria mellonella : under the condition of 25～35 ℃, the higher the temperature,the greater the food intake, body weight, body length and hatching rate, the smaller the duration;but the highest egg-production at moderate temperature. The effects of density on larval body weight and hatching rate of Galleria mellonella :under the condition of 40～120 egg-density（ 64 cm~3 hatching bottle and sufficient food）, the weight range of 0. 100 0～0. 200 0 g larvae were obtained more when the dens ity was 60 and 80, and the hatching rate was the highest when the density was 80.

[目的]分析棉花生育前期氮素吸收分配与氮效率将有助于棉花生产中氮肥基施和追施的分配以及氮肥利用率的提高.[方法]以新陆早45号和新陆早48号为材料,采用营养液培养的方法,设置6个供氮水平(0、7.5、10、15、17.5、30 mmol/L,分别以N0、N7.5、N10、N15、N17.5、N30表示),培育43 d后将其收获.测定棉花各器官干物质量、氮素积累量、氮吸收效率、氮利用效率以及磷素和钾素积累量等指标.[结果]棉花幼苗各干物质量、单株氮含量、地上部分氮含量、氮积累量、氮吸收效率以及磷素和钾素积累量均随氮浓度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势;根冠比和氮利用效率均随氮浓度的增加而降低.氮水平在17.5 mmol/L时显著增加了根和地上部干物质量,但降低了棉花根冠比.17.5 mmol/L的氮水平显著提高了棉花地上部分氮含量、单株氮含量、积累量和吸收效率以及磷和钾积累量,但降低了氮的利用效率.新陆早48号各测定指标显著高于新陆早45号.[结论]营养液中有助于棉苗各生长指标增长的氮素浓度为17.5 mmol/L.适合机采的Ⅰ式果枝新陆早48号较不适合机采的Ⅱ式果枝新陆早45号长势更强.

为探究不同施磷水平对棉田土壤磷的固定和释放机制,对新疆典型棉田5种施磷水平(P0、P75、P150、P300、P450)及不同层次(0～5、5～10、10～20、20～40、40～60 cm)的灰漠土进行磷素吸附和解吸特性研究,结果表明:土壤磷吸附量随磷肥施用量的增加先增加后减小,以P150处理吸附量最大,P0和P75处理吸附量较小,其中P150处理最大吸附量较P0处理增加了45％;随土层深度的增加,各处理吸附量逐渐增大,处理间吸附量的差异逐渐减小,40～60cm土层最大吸附量为0～5 cm土层的2.10倍.土壤磷的等温吸附曲线与Langmuir、Freundlich和Temkin方程的拟合度都达显著水平(P＜0.05),土壤最大吸附量(Xm)与等温吸附曲线一致,以0～5 cm土层P75处理最小,为476.19 mg·kg-1,随土层深度增加而增加,吸附常数(K)与Xm呈相反趋势;随施磷量的增加,土壤最大缓冲容量(MBC)呈增加趋势,深层土壤小于表层土壤;土壤磷素吸附饱和度(DPS)以P75处理最大,整体随土层深度的增加而减小.土壤磷解吸量与解吸率随吸附能力的增加而减小;土层越深,解吸量与解吸率越小,其中0～5 cm土层解吸量为40～60 cm土层的2.06倍.增施磷肥能够提高棉田土壤贮存磷的能力,施磷量75 kg·hm-2降低土壤对磷的吸附能力,增加土壤对磷的解吸,深层土壤磷的吸附特性受施肥水平的影响较小,供磷能力小于表层土壤.

In combination with mild (S), moderate (M) and severe (H) salinized soils, two different seedling substrates were set up, namely: non-mycorrhized seedling substrate (n) and mycorrhizal seedling substrate (m), and a total of six treatments were used to study the photosynthetic characteristics and biomass allocation of processed tomato during the whole growth period. The results showed that the mycorrhizal treatment increased the yield, photosynthetic parameters, root morphology, and configuration and mycorrhizal infection rate of processed tomato in different salinized soils, which increased the dry weight of aboveground and underground parts by 6.7-202.0% and 0.3-150.0% respectively. The rootto-shoot ratio increased by 4.3 to 32.3%. The mycorrhizal seedling substrate can improve the plant biomass and yield by promoting the photosynthesis, root growth and root-shoot ratio of processed tomato under salt stress, and finally improve the salt tolerance of processed tomato.